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Who's Who

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Who's Who (or Who is Who) is the title of a number of reference publications, generally containing concise biographical information on the prominent people of a country. The title has been adopted as an expression meaning a group of notable persons. The oldest and best-known is the annual publication Who's Who, a reference work on contemporary prominent people in Britain published annually since 1849.

In addition to legitimate reference works, some Who's Who lists involve the selling of "memberships" in fraudulent directories that are created online or through instant publishing services.[1] AARP,[2] the University at Buffalo[3] and the Government of South Australia[4] have published warnings of these Who's Who scams.

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Biography

Biography

A biography, or simply bio, is a detailed description of a person's life. It involves more than just basic facts like education, work, relationships, and death; it portrays a person's experience of these life events. Unlike a profile or curriculum vitae (résumé), a biography presents a subject's life story, highlighting various aspects of their life, including intimate details of experience, and may include an analysis of the subject's personality.

Who's Who (UK)

Who's Who (UK)

Who's Who is a reference work. It is a book, and also a CD-ROM and a website, giving information on influential people from around the world. Published annually as a book since 1849, it lists people who influence British life, according to its editors. Entries include notable figures from government, politics, academia, business, sport and the arts. Who's Who 2022 is the 174th edition and includes more than 33,000 people.

AARP

AARP

AARP is an interest group in the United States focusing on issues affecting those over the age of fifty. The organization said it had more than 38 million members in 2018. The magazine and bulletin it sends to its members are the two largest-circulation publications in the United States.

University at Buffalo

University at Buffalo

The State University of New York at Buffalo, commonly called the University at Buffalo (UB) and sometimes called SUNY Buffalo, is a public research university with campuses in Buffalo and Amherst, New York. The university was founded in 1846 as a private medical college and merged with the State University of New York system in 1962. It is one of the two flagship institutions of the SUNY system. As of fall 2020, the university enrolled 32,347 students in 13 schools and colleges, making it the largest and most comprehensive public university in the state of New York.

Notable examples by country

  • Who's Who, the oldest listing of prominent British people since 1849; people who have died since 1897 are listed in Who Was Who.
  • Cambridge Who's Who (also known as Worldwide Who's Who), a vanity publisher based in Uniondale, New York.
  • Marquis Who's Who, a series of books published since 1899 by Marquis, primarily listing prominent American people, but including Who's Who in the World.
  • Who's Who in New Zealand, twelve editions published at irregular intervals between 1908 and 1991
  • Canadian Who's Who, a listing of prominent Canadians since 1910
  • Who's Who in Switzerland, published from 1953 to 1996 and then Swiss Who's Who, a listing of prominent Swiss or leading figures living in Switzerland since 2015[5]
  • Who's Who in Australia, a listing of prominent Australians since 1923
  • Who's Who in France, a listing of prominent French or people living in France since 1953 (in French)
  • Who's Who in Scotland, a listing of prominent Scots since 1986
  • Who's Who, by Metron Publications, a listing of prominent Greeks since 1992
  • Who's Who of Southern Africa, published in paper form until 2007 when it was replaced by a website

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Who's Who (UK)

Who's Who (UK)

Who's Who is a reference work. It is a book, and also a CD-ROM and a website, giving information on influential people from around the world. Published annually as a book since 1849, it lists people who influence British life, according to its editors. Entries include notable figures from government, politics, academia, business, sport and the arts. Who's Who 2022 is the 174th edition and includes more than 33,000 people.

Cambridge Who's Who

Cambridge Who's Who

Cambridge Who's Who, also known as Worldwide Who's Who, is a vanity publisher based in Uniondale, New York. It describes itself as highlighting people's professional careers by publishing encapsulated biographies. For additional payment, the publisher also provides other promotional services such as press releases, videos, and Executive of the Year awards. The company is located in Uniondale, New York. As of 2010, Donald Trump Jr. was spokesman and "executive director of global branding" of the company. As of November 2016 the business was "not accredited" by the Better Business Bureau of Metropolitan New York, Long Island, and the Mid-Hudson Region.

Marquis Who's Who

Marquis Who's Who

Marquis Who's Who is an American publisher of a number of directories containing short biographies. The books usually are entitled Who's Who in... followed by some subject, such as Who's Who in America, Who's Who of American Women, Who's Who in the World, Who's Who in Science and Engineering, Who's Who in American Politics, etc. Often, Marquis Who's Who books are found in the reference section of local libraries, at corporate libraries, and are also used for research by universities.

Who's Who in New Zealand

Who's Who in New Zealand

The Who's Who in New Zealand, originally called the Who's Who in New Zealand and the Western Pacific, is a collection of biographies that was first published in 1908, and the latest version is from 1991.

Canadian Who's Who

Canadian Who's Who

Canadian Who's Who is a publication containing biographical information about 13,000 notable Canadians. Because of the absence of biographical fact-checking by the publishers, Canadian Who's Who is not used as a reference by mainstream Canadian media, and is rarely, if ever, quoted as a source.

Switzerland

Switzerland

Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located at the confluence of Western, Central and Southern Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east.

Who's Who in Australia

Who's Who in Australia

Who's Who in Australia (WWIA) is an Australian biographical dictionary first published by Fred Johns in 1906 as Johns's Notable Australians. It is used as a resource for summary information on prominent Australians. WWIA is part of a series of reference works that includes Who's Who of Australian Women and Who's Who in Business in Australia.

Who's Who in France

Who's Who in France

Who's Who in France is a biographical dictionary published in France and written in French.

Who's Who in Scotland

Who's Who in Scotland

Who's Who in Scotland, is an annual biographical dictionary, published since 1986 by Carrick Media. It features short biographies of about 5,000 notable Scots.

Who's Who of Southern Africa

Who's Who of Southern Africa

Who's Who of Southern Africa is the name of an annual print publication distributed in Southern Africa, containing biographical information about prominent professionals in the Southern African region. According to the website, Southern Africa consists of South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, Swaziland and Mozambique. The book has been a source of information regarding noteworthy people in Southern Africa for over 100 years.

Non-English publications

The Danish Kraks Blå Bog (1912)
The Danish Kraks Blå Bog (1912)
The Swedish Vem är det (1969)
The Swedish Vem är det (1969)

Some Who's Who books have a title in the language of the country concerned:

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Specialised publications

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Who's Who Among American High School Students

Who's Who Among American High School Students

Who's Who Among American High School Students was a web site and publication that listed what it claimed were high school students "who have excelled in academics, extracurricular activities and community service." The website shut down in November 2007 due to the bankruptcy of its parent firm.

Who's Who in American Art

Who's Who in American Art

Who's Who in American Art is a biographical hardcover directory of noteworthy individuals in the visual arts community in the United States, published by Marquis Who's Who, formerly by R. R. Bowker Publishing. The directory has also listed some individuals from Canada and Mexico, plus some American artists and arts professionals currently residing in other countries. The latest edition includes 11,000 biographies of artists, critics, curators, administrators, librarians, historians, collectors, educators, dealers, and conservators, of whom 9,000 are artists. The individuals featured in new 36th edition were obtained from nominations provided by current entrants, art associations, galleries and museums or from citations in professional publications. In many cases, though, the names are collected independently by Marquis research and editorial staffs, which use a wide assortment of tools to gather the most complete, accurate, and up-to-date information available.

Who's Who in British History

Who's Who in British History

Who's Who in British History is a multi-volume work composed of:Who's Who in Roman Britain and Anglo-Saxon England, Richard Fletcher. Shepheard-Walwyn, London, 2002 ISBN 0-85683-114-X Who's Who in Early Medieval England 1066-1272, Christopher Tyerman. Shepheard-Walwyn, London, 1996 ISBN 0-85683-091-7 Who's Who in Late Medieval England 1272-1485, M A Hicks. Shepheard-Walwyn, London, 1991 ISBN 0-85683-092-5 Who's Who in Tudor England 1485-1603, C.R.N. Routh. Stackpole Books, Mechanicsburg, PA. 2001 ISBN 0-8117-1639-2 Who's Who in Stuart Britain 1603-1714, C P Hill. Shepheard-Walwyn, London, 2001. ISBN 978-0-85683-110-2 Who's Who in Early Hanoverian Britain 1714-1789, G R R Treasure. Shepheard-Walwyn, London, 1991. ISBN 978-0-85683-131-7 Who's Who in Late Hanoverian Britain 1789-1837, G R R Treasure. Shepheard-Walwyn, London, 2002. ISBN 978-0-85683-137-9 Who's Who in Victorian Britain, Roger Ellis. Shepheard-Walwyn, London, 2001. ISBN 978-0-85683-138-6

Who's Who in the CIA

Who's Who in the CIA

Who's Who in CIA is a book written by the East German journalist Julius Mader and published in East Berlin in 1968, under Stasi auspices and probably with KGB assistance. Mader was employed by the East German military publishing house and apparently had access to some information on CIA officers that was not publicly available. The book purported to identify about 3,000 active agents of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. It was modeled after other Who's Who guides.

East Berlin

East Berlin

East Berlin was the de facto capital city of East Germany (GDR) from 1949 to 1990. Formally, it was the Soviet sector of Berlin, established in 1945. The American, British, and French sectors were known as West Berlin. From 13 August 1961 until 9 November 1989, East Berlin was separated from West Berlin by the Berlin Wall. The Western Allied powers did not recognize East Berlin as the GDR's capital, nor the GDR's authority to govern East Berlin. On 3 October 1990, the day Germany was officially reunified, East and West Berlin formally reunited as the city of Berlin.

KGB

KGB

The KGB was the main security agency for the Soviet Union from 13 March 1954 until 3 December 1991. As a direct successor of preceding agencies such as the Cheka, GPU, OGPU, NKGB, NKVD and MGB, it was attached to the Council of Ministers. It was the chief government agency of "union-republican jurisdiction", carrying out internal security, foreign intelligence, counter-intelligence and secret-police functions. Similar agencies operated in each of the republics of the Soviet Union aside from the Russian SFSR, with many associated ministries, state committees and state commissions.

Who's Who in the DC Universe

Who's Who in the DC Universe

Who's Who: The Definitive Directory of the DC Universe (1985–87), usually referred to simply as Who's Who, is the umbrella title for a number of comic book series which DC Comics published to catalogue the wide variety of fictional characters in their imaginary universe, the DC Universe.

DC Comics

DC Comics

DC Comics, Inc. is an American comic book publisher and the flagship unit of DC Entertainment, a subsidiary of Warner Bros. Discovery.

Who's Who in the Theatre

Who's Who in the Theatre

Who's Who in the Theatre is a British reference work, first published in 1912 with sixteen new editions from then until its last issue in 1981.

Other publications and scams

The title "Who's Who" is in the public domain, and thousands of Who's Who compilations of varying scope and quality (and similar publications without the words "Who's Who") have been published by various authors and publishers. Some publications have been described as scams; they list any people likely to buy the book, or to pay for inclusion, with no criterion of genuine notability.[2] They may offer vanity awards[8] or expensive trophies.[9]

One example was the Who's Who Among American High School Students which was criticized for questionable nomination practices as well as whether the listing's entries are fact-checked and accurate.[10][11] According to the admissions vice president of Hamline University, "It's honestly something that an admissions officer typically wouldn't consider or wouldn't play into an admissions decision," adding that "Who's Who... is just trying to sell books".[11]

Who's Who publications are not all of questionable value, but publishers that select truly notable people and provide trustworthy information on them are hard to identify. A & C Black's Who's Who is the canonical example of a legitimate Who's Who reference work, being the first to use the name and establish the approach in print, publishing annually since 1849. However, the longevity of a publication is not in itself a guarantee. In 1999 Tucker Carlson said in Forbes magazine that Marquis Who's Who, founded in 1898 but no longer an independent company, had adopted practices of address harvesting as a revenue stream, undermining its claim to legitimacy as a reference work listing people of merit.[12] A 2005 New York Times article observed that the entries in Marquis Who's Who were "not uniformly fact-checked".[13]

Discover more about Other publications and scams related topics

Vanity award

Vanity award

A vanity award is an award in which the recipient purchases the award and/or marketing services to give the false appearance of a legitimate honor. Pitches for Who's Who-type publications, biographies or nominations for awards or special memberships can have a catch to them in which the honoree is required to pay for recognition.

Who's Who Among American High School Students

Who's Who Among American High School Students

Who's Who Among American High School Students was a web site and publication that listed what it claimed were high school students "who have excelled in academics, extracurricular activities and community service." The website shut down in November 2007 due to the bankruptcy of its parent firm.

Hamline University

Hamline University

Hamline University is a private university in Saint Paul, Minnesota. Founded in 1854, Hamline is the oldest university in Minnesota, the first coeducational university in the state, and is one of five Associated Colleges of the Twin Cities. The university is named after Bishop Leonidas Lent Hamline of the United Methodist Church. As of 2017, Hamline had 2,117 undergraduate students and 1,668 graduate students.

Who's Who (UK)

Who's Who (UK)

Who's Who is a reference work. It is a book, and also a CD-ROM and a website, giving information on influential people from around the world. Published annually as a book since 1849, it lists people who influence British life, according to its editors. Entries include notable figures from government, politics, academia, business, sport and the arts. Who's Who 2022 is the 174th edition and includes more than 33,000 people.

Tucker Carlson

Tucker Carlson

Tucker Swanson McNear Carlson is an American television host, conservative political commentator, and writer who has hosted the nightly political talk show Tucker Carlson Tonight on Fox News since 2016.

Marquis Who's Who

Marquis Who's Who

Marquis Who's Who is an American publisher of a number of directories containing short biographies. The books usually are entitled Who's Who in... followed by some subject, such as Who's Who in America, Who's Who of American Women, Who's Who in the World, Who's Who in Science and Engineering, Who's Who in American Politics, etc. Often, Marquis Who's Who books are found in the reference section of local libraries, at corporate libraries, and are also used for research by universities.

The New York Times

The New York Times

The New York Times, also referred to as the Gray Lady, is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2022 to comprise 740,000 paid print subscribers, and 8.6 million paid digital subscribers. It also is a producer of popular podcasts such as The Daily. Founded in 1851, it is published by The New York Times Company. The Times has won 132 Pulitzer Prizes, the most of any newspaper, and has long been regarded as a national "newspaper of record". For print, it is ranked 18th in the world by circulation and 3rd in the United States. The newspaper is headquartered at The New York Times Building in Times Square, Manhattan.

Source: "Who's Who", Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, (2023, January 27th), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who's_Who.

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See also
References
  1. ^ Vernon, David (1 December 2007). "What Price Fame? Be a Very Important Person - all it takes is money" (PDF). The Skeptic. 27 (2): 16–18. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 March 2013. Retrieved 14 October 2019.
  2. ^ a b Kirchheimer, Sid. "Who's Who Directory Scams: With vanity publishers, fame and honors can cost you a small fortune". AARP.org. AARP. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
  3. ^ Joe Ferguson. "Scam alert: dubious "Who's Who" publications." at UBIT news at University at Buffalo website. 7 March 2019. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
  4. ^ "Presidential Who's Who" at WA ScamNet, Department of Mines, Industry Regulation and Safety, Government of Western Australia. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
  5. ^ "Le retour du "Who's who" suisse après vingt ans d'absence". Letemps.ch. Retrieved 2015-10-31.
  6. ^ "Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur | Recherche | Biographische Datenbanken". Stiftung-aufarbeitung.de. Retrieved 2016-02-07.
  7. ^ "Kas yra kas Lietuvoje 2018". www.kasyrakas.lt.
  8. ^ Gewirtz, David (March 9, 2020). "Oh, you won an award? Don't click that vanity scam spam link". ZDNet. Retrieved October 27, 2021.
  9. ^ Harris, Sheryl (January 12, 2019). "That 'Who's Who' invite aims at your ego -- and your wallet: Plain Dealing". The Plain Dealer. Retrieved October 27, 2021.
  10. ^ Yvonne Zanos: What's what with Who's Who, December 5, 2005, retrieved 2/12/07
  11. ^ a b Student Questions 'Who's Who' Directory Archived 2010-01-12 at the Wayback Machine, WCCO TV, January 3, 2006
  12. ^ Tucker, Carlson (8 March 1999). "The Hall of Lame". Forbes. ISSN 0015-6914. Archived from the original on 14 April 2009. Retrieved 14 October 2019. Who's Who in America ... appears to contain a lot of relatively unaccomplished people who simply nominated themselves. To make the process of self-promotion easier, Reed Elsevier, the publication's parent company and the owner of Lexis-Nexis, now has a site on the Internet where would-be biographees can complete a 'biographical data form.'
  13. ^ Hamilton, William L. (2005-11-13). "Who Are You? Why Are You Here?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-04-12.

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