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Vis-à-vis (carriage)

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Historical vis-à-vis carriage
Historical vis-à-vis carriage

A vis-à-vis is a carriage in which the passengers sit face to face with the front passengers facing rearward and the rear passengers facing forward.[1] The term comes from the French vis-à-vis, meaning face to face.[1][2]: 28 

These carriages are still commonly made by Amish carriage makers in the midwestern United States. Also in the Western world, the vis-a-vis is the most common type of carriage style used to cart tourists and leisure seekers in downtown urban settings.

Passengers sit back-to-back on dos-à-dos carriages.

Discover more about Vis-à-vis (carriage) related topics

Carriage

Carriage

A carriage is a private four-wheeled vehicle for people and is most commonly horse-drawn. Second-hand private carriages were common public transport, the equivalent of modern cars used as taxis. Carriage suspensions are by leather strapping and, on those made in recent centuries, steel springs. Two-wheeled carriages are informal and usually owner-driven.

French language

French language

French is a Romance language of the Indo-European family. It descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire, as did all Romance languages. French evolved from Gallo-Romance, the Latin spoken in Gaul, and more specifically in Northern Gaul. Its closest relatives are the other langues d'oïl—languages historically spoken in northern France and in southern Belgium, which French (Francien) largely supplanted. French was also influenced by native Celtic languages of Northern Roman Gaul like Gallia Belgica and by the (Germanic) Frankish language of the post-Roman Frankish invaders. Today, owing to France's past overseas expansion, there are numerous French-based creole languages, most notably Haitian Creole. A French-speaking person or nation may be referred to as Francophone in both English and French.

Amish

Amish

The Amish, formally the Old Order Amish, are a group of traditionalist Anabaptist Christian church fellowships with Swiss German and Alsatian (French) origins. They are closely related to Mennonite churches, another Anabaptist denomination. The Amish are known for simple living, plain dress, Christian pacifism, and slowness to adopt many conveniences of modern technology, with a view neither to interrupt family time, nor replace face-to-face conversations whenever possible, and a view to maintain self-sufficiency. The Amish value rural life, manual labor, humility and Gelassenheit.

Western world

Western world

The Western world, also known as the West, primarily refers to various nations and states in the regions of Australasia, Europe, and the Americas. The Western world likewise is called the Occident, in contrast to the Eastern world known as the Orient. The West is considered an evolving concept; made up of cultural, political, and economic synergy among diverse groups of people, and not a rigid region with fixed borders and members. Definitions for "Western world" vary according to context and perspectives.

Examples

The following types of carriage had vis-à-vis seating:

Automobiles

1902 Test & Moret Vis-à-vis
1902 Test & Moret Vis-à-vis

There were vis-à-vis automobiles in the early history of motoring.[2]: 28  These were driven from the forward-facing rear seat, with front passengers sitting ahead of the steering controls and facing the driver.[1][2]: 28 [3] Passengers in the front seat would obstruct the vision of the driver in the rear seat, and the style fell out of favour before 1905.[1][2]: 27-28 

Source: "Vis-à-vis (carriage)", Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, (2022, October 13th), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vis-à-vis_(carriage).

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See also
References
  1. ^ a b c d Haajanen, Lennart W. (2003). Illustrated Dictionary of Automobile Body Styles. Illustrations by Bertil Nydén; foreword by Karl Ludvigsen. Jefferson, NC USA: McFarland. p. 155. ISBN 0-7864-1276-3. LCCN 2002014546.
  2. ^ a b c d Beattie, Ian (1977). The Complete Book of Automobile Body Design. Yeovil, UK: The Haynes Publishing Group. ISBN 0854292179.
  3. ^ Culshaw, David; Horrobin, Peter (2013) [1974]. "Appendix 5: Coachwork Styles". The Complete Catalogue of British Cars 1895 - 1975 (e-book ed.). Poundbury, Dorchester, UK: Veloce Publishing. pp. 480–484. ISBN 978-1-845845-83-4. |page=484

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