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University of Phoenix

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University of Phoenix
University of Phoenix logo.png
MottoWe Rise
TypePrivate for-profit university
Established1976; 47 years ago (1976)
FoundersJohn Sperling
John D. Murphy
Parent institution
Apollo Global Management and Vistria Group
AccreditationHLC
PresidentChris Lynne
Academic staff
4,120 (2020)[1]
Total staff
7,200 (2020)[1]
Students83,800 (2020)[1]
Undergraduates65,900 (2020)[1]
Postgraduates15,800 (2020)[1]
2,100 (2020)[1]
Location, ,
United States (headquarters)
CampusOnline, 1 campus under direct control[2]
Websitephoenix.edu

University of Phoenix[3] (UoPX) is a private for-profit university headquartered in Phoenix, Arizona.[a] Founded in 1976, the university confers certificates and degrees at the certificate, associate, bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degree levels. It is institutionally accredited by the Higher Learning Commission[4] and has an open enrollment admissions policy for many undergraduate programs.[5] The school is currently owned by Apollo Global Management and Vistria Group, two US private-equity firms,[6] but is in the process of being sold.[7]

Discover more about University of Phoenix related topics

Private university

Private university

Private universities and private colleges are institutions of higher education, not operated, owned, or institutionally funded by governments. They may receive from governments tax breaks, public student loans, and grants. Depending on their location, private universities may be subject to government regulation. Private universities may be contrasted with public universities and national universities. Many private universities are nonprofit organizations.

For-profit higher education in the United States

For-profit higher education in the United States

For-profit higher education in the United States refers to the commercialization and privatization of American higher education institutions. For-profit colleges have been the most recognizable for-profit institutions, but commercialization has been a part of US higher education for centuries. Privatization of public institutions has also been increasing since at least the 1980s.

Phoenix, Arizona

Phoenix, Arizona

Phoenix is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Arizona, with 1,608,139 residents as of 2020. It is the fifth most populous city in the United States, the most populous state capital in the country, and the only U.S. state capital with a population of more than one million residents.

Academic certificate

Academic certificate

An academic certificate is a document that certifies that a person has received specific education or has passed a test or series of tests.

Doctorate

Doctorate

A doctorate, doctor's degree, or doctoral degree is a postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities and some other educational institutions, derived from the ancient formalism licentia docendi. In most countries, a research degree qualifies the holder to teach at university level in the degree's field or work in a specific profession. There are a number of doctoral degrees; the most common is the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), awarded in many different fields, ranging from the humanities to scientific disciplines.

Higher Learning Commission

Higher Learning Commission

The Higher Learning Commission (HLC) is an institutional accreditor in the United States. It has historically accredited post-secondary education institutions in the central United States: Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. The headquarters of the organization is in Chicago, Illinois.

Open admissions

Open admissions

Open admissions, or open enrollment, is a type of unselective and noncompetitive college admissions process in the United States in which the only criterion for entrance is a high school diploma or a certificate of attendance or General Educational Development (GED) certificate.

Apollo Global Management

Apollo Global Management

Apollo Global Management, Inc. is an American global private-equity firm. It provides investment management and invests in credit, private equity, and real assets. As of December 31, 2022, the company had $548 billion of assets under management, including $392 billion invested in credit, including mezzanine capital, hedge funds, non-performing loans, and collateralized loan obligations, $99 billion invested in private equity, and $46.2 billion invested in real assets, which includes real estate and infrastructure. The company invests money on behalf of pension funds, financial endowments, and sovereign wealth funds, as well as other institutional and individual investors. Since inception in 1990, private-equity funds managed by Apollo have produced a 24% internal rate of return (IRR) to investors, net of fees.

History

Foundation and rapid growth (1970s - 2000s)

University of Phoenix was founded in 1976 by John Sperling and John D. Murphy.[8][9] In 1980, it expanded to San Jose, California, and launched its online program in 1989.[10] Much of UoPX's revenue came from employers who were subsidizing the higher education of their managers. Academic labor underwent a process of unbundling, in which "various components of the traditional faculty role (e.g., curriculum design) are divided among different entities, while others (e.g., research) are eliminated altogether".[11]

In 1994, UoPX leaders made the parent company, Apollo Group, public. Its enrollment exceeded 100,000 students by 1999.[12][13] Senator Tom Harkin, who chaired hearings on for-profit colleges, said, "I think what really turned this company is when they started going to Wall Street."[14] The sentiment was echoed by Murphy in his book Mission Forsaken: The University of Phoenix Affair with Wall Street. In 2004, Murphy thought that "the University of Phoenix abandoned its founding mission of solely serving working adult learners to admit virtually anyone with a high school diploma or GED." In terms of revenue, UoPX began to rely less on corporate assistance and more on government funding.[15] In 2007, The New York Times reported that the school's graduation rate had plummeted and that educational quality had eroded.[16]

In 2000, the federal government fined the university $6 million for including study-group meetings as instructional hours. In 2002, the Department of Education relaxed requirements on instructional hours.[17][18]

A 2003 lawsuit filed by two former university recruiters alleged that the school improperly obtained hundreds of millions of dollars in financial aid by paying its admission counselors based on the number of students they enrolled, a violation of the Higher Education Act.[17] The university's parent company settled by paying the government $67.5 million, plus $11 million in legal fees, without admitting any wrongdoing.[19][20]

In 2004, the Department of Education alleged that UoPX violated Higher Education Act provisions that prohibit financial incentives to admission representatives, and pressured its recruiters to enroll students.[21] UoPX disputed the findings but paid a $9.8 million fine as part of a settlement where it admitted no wrongdoing and was not required to return any financial aid funds.[22][23][24] The university also paid $3.5 million to the Department of Labor to settle a violation of overtime compensation regarding hours worked by UoPX's recruiters.[25][26] UoPX settled a false claims suit for $78.5 million in 2009 over its recruiter-pay practices.[27]

In 2008, Pereira & O'Dell became the lead ad agency for UoPX for a reported $220 million.[28] During the 2008–2009 fiscal year, the UoPX student body received more Pell Grant money ($656.9 million) than any other university[29] and was the top recipient of student financial aid funds, receiving almost $2.48 billion.[30]

For the 2008–2009 fiscal year, the university's student body received more Pell Grant money than any other university. The university's graduation rate was 17 percent, according to federal data that measures first-time, full-time (FTFT) undergraduate students who complete their programs at 150% of the normal time.[31] University of Phoenix has been the largest recipient of federal G.I. Bill tuition benefits[32] and the largest for-profit recipient by Pell Grant assistance funding.[33]

In 2009, the Department of Education produced a report claiming the untimely return of unearned Title IV funds for more than 10 percent of sampled students. The report also expressed concern that some students register and begin attending classes before completely understanding the implications of enrollment, including their eligibility for student financial aid. In January 2010, the parent company Apollo Group was required to post a letter of credit for $125 million by January 30 of the same year.[34] In 2010, UoPX came under government scrutiny after its Phoenix and Philadelphia campuses were found to have engaged in deceptive enrollment practices and fraudulent solicitation of FAFSA funds.[35]

Enrollment decline (2010s)

In 2010, UoPX claimed a peak enrollment of more than 470,000 students with a revenue of $4.95 billion.[36] A 2010 report found that its online graduation rate at the time was only five percent.[37] Later in the year, the university paid $154.5 million for 20-year naming rights for advertising purposes of the University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona. The company terminated the naming rights deal on April 11, 2017,[38] and on September 4, 2018, the stadium's naming rights were acquired by State Farm.[39]

University of Phoenix Stadium, a sports stadium in Glendale, Arizona that the corporation paid for naming rights from 2006 to 2018.
University of Phoenix Stadium, a sports stadium in Glendale, Arizona that the corporation paid for naming rights from 2006 to 2018.

In August 2010, an ABC News investigation identified a UoPX recruiter who sought new students from Y-Haven, a homeless shelter in Cleveland, Ohio. Another University of Phoenix recruiter falsely claimed that the university's Bachelor of Science in Education degree would be sufficient to qualify the producer to teach in Texas or New York.[40]

In a December 2010 Bloomberg article, former UoPX senior vice president Robert W. Tucker noted that "at critical junctures, [co-founder] John [Sperling] chose growth over academic integrity, which ultimately diminished a powerful educational model".[41] At its peak, UoPX operated more than 500 campuses and learning sites.[42] The university began to focus on opening new resource centers for online students to provide spaces for alumni to network and current students to seek assistance from professors and peers.[43]

In August 2011, Apollo group announced it would buy 100% of Carnegie Learning to accelerate its efforts to incorporate adaptive learning into its academic platform.[44] Controversies concerned its marketing and recruitment practices, instructional hours, its status as one of the top recipients of student aid, and a student body carrying the most student debt of any college.[45]

In 2013, the Department of Defense ended its contract with University of Phoenix for military bases in Europe.[46] U.S. military commanders at Fort Campbell, Kentucky, allowed UoPX representatives to advertise and place promotional materials in high-traffic areas. Access was provided in exchange for cash.[47] Some critics of for-profit higher education have alleged that Apollo Education Group and University of Phoenix "prey upon veterans".[48][49]

Murphy wrote in Mission Forsaken (2013) about the school's degeneration from a provider of working adult continuing education programs to a money making machine whose sole criterion for admission was eligibility for federally funded student loans.[50][51]

In 2014 the Department of Education's Office of the Inspector General demanded records from the school and Apollo Group going back to 2007 "related to marketing, recruitment, enrollment, financial aid, fraud prevention, [and] student retention".[52] In the same year, Arthur Green, a former UoPX enrollment advisor, sued the school and claimed that it had violated the US False Claims Act. According to Green, he was fired for uncovering billions of dollars in fraud.[53][54] Five years later, the case was dismissed in 2019 after the US Department of Justice under William Barr decided not to take the case and the records were sealed.[55]

In 2014, UoPX partnered with 47 historically black colleges and universities to offer UoPX classes that transfer to these institutions.[56] 142,500 students enrolled on August 31, 2016,[57] and 119,938 during the 2016–17 school year. UoPX was under investigation by the US Federal Trade Commission from 2015 to 2020.[58] During this time, the university continued to spend tens of millions of dollars on marketing and advertising, including $27 million on internet paid search advertising.[59] The Brookings Institution reported that UoPX spent $76 million on advertising in 2017.[60]

From 2009 to 2015, University of Phoenix received an estimated $1.2 billion of federal money issued through the G.I. Bill. The university enrolled almost 50,000 such students in 2014, twice as many as any other institution.[61]

In October 2015, the Department of Defense suspended the school's ability to recruit on U.S. military bases and receive federal funding for educating members of the U.S. military.[62] Some federal legislators, including senators John McCain, Jeff Flake, and Lamar Alexander, protested[63] the suspension, which was lifted in January 2016.[64]

The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) began investigating the university in 2015 in regards to an advertising campaign it ran from 2012 to 2014.[65] On December 10, 2019, UoPX agreed to pay a settlement of $191 million related to charges that it recruited students using misleading advertisements.[65] NPR reported the amount included $50 million in cash, as well as a $141 million cancellation in student debt, though the cancellations "won't affect student borrowers' obligations for federal or private loans".[66] The institution admitted no wrongdoing as part of the settlement, which was at the time the largest FTC settlement against a for-profit school.[65]

In 2015, MarketWatch reported that UoPX students owed more than $35 billion in student loan debt, the most of any US college at the time.[67]

In February 2016, Apollo Group announced its sale to a private investment group comprising Apollo Global Management, the Vistria Group, and the Najafi Companies, for $1 billion. Former U.S. Department of Education deputy secretary Anthony W. Miller, partner and chief operating officer of Vistria, became chairman.[68] The sale was approved by both the Department of Education and the Higher Learning Commission (HLC).[69][70][71][72][73] In December 2016, the U.S. Department of Education approved of the sale of Apollo Education Group to Apollo Global Management. The company provided a letter of credit for up to $385 million.[74] In February 2017, after the takeover by Apollo Global Management, UoPX laid off 170 full-time faculty members.[75] In 2019, former UoPX students, represented by Harvard Law School's Project on Predatory Student Lending, were part of a lawsuit against the Department of Education, demanding student loan forgiveness. Education Department officials cited pending litigation as a reason why they have not approved or denied any of the borrower defense claims.[76] According to the 2019 academic report, degreed enrollment was 87,400.[77]

In 2016, Apollo Education Group shareholders filed a class-action lawsuit against the corporation, arguing that it withheld information leading to large losses in stock prices. Several of the allegations related to UoPX's recruiting of military personnel and veterans.[78][79]

Between 2010 and 2016, enrollment declined by more than 70 percent[80] amid multiple investigations, lawsuits, and controversies.[81][82][69][83][84]

Apollo Global Management and Vistria Group (2017-present)

In March 2020, the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) announced that they had suspended certification for G.I. Bill funds for new students at UoPX, citing a history of deceptive recruiting practices. [85][86] The VA withdrew its threat of sanctions in July 2020.[87] The same year, UoPX received $6.5 million in CARES Act funding[88] and $7.4 million in the second round of COVID-19 relief funds.[89] In 2020, UoPX began experimenting with micro-campuses, giving the centers a "WeWork vibe".[90]

In 2021, the Federal Trade Commission began distributing checks to more than 100,000 former students who were enrolled from 2012 to 2016 when UoPX was using deceptive advertising.[91] In 2021, Bloomberg reported that Apollo's higher education investment had gained about 50 percent in value: from its $634 million initial investment to $956 million.[92] UoPX also received $3.4 million in aid through the American Rescue Plan.[93] In 2021, UoPX continued to close campuses, including Atlanta and Salt Lake City.[94] The Phoenix, Arizona campus was the only location accepting new in-person students.[2] Lobbyists for Apollo Education, UoPX's parent company, were reduced from 27 in 2018 to 10 in 2021.[95] By mid-2021, discussions were held for the sale of the school.[96]

In 2022, UoPX announced that only one campus would remain open in 2025.[97]

In 2023, it was announced that UoPX was holding discussions with the University of Arkansas System about the latter possibly purchasing UoPX.[98] Later, it was learned that the proposed deal would include Wolters Kluwer, a Dutch publishing company, as the registered agent.[99] An unknown Japanese bank was also reportedly involved in financing the potential deal.[100]Stephens Inc. was also involved in the negotiations.[101]

Discover more about History related topics

John Sperling

John Sperling

John Glen Sperling was an American billionaire businessman who is credited with having led the contemporary for-profit education movement in the United States The fortune he amassed was based on his founding of the for-profit University of Phoenix for working adults in 1976, which became part of the publicly traded Apollo Group. Sperling brought the business model of higher education to the forefront, a model that employed the scientific management of higher education to the forefront: diminishing the power and importance of labor, increasing the importance of technology, marketing and advertising, and as University of Phoenix cofounder John D. Murphy explained, maximizing profit. For ventures ranging from pet cloning to green energy, he has widely been described as an "eccentric" self-made man by The Washington Post and other media.

San Jose, California

San Jose, California

San Jose, officially the City of San José, is a major city in the U.S. state of California, the cultural, financial, and political center of Silicon Valley, and largest city in Northern California by both population and area. With a 2020 population of 1,013,240, it is the most populous city in both the Bay Area and the San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland Combined Statistical Area, which has a 2015 population of 7.7 million and 9.7 million people respectively, the third most populous city in California, and the tenth-most populous in the United States. Located in the center of the Santa Clara Valley on the southern shore of San Francisco Bay, San Jose covers an area of 179.97 sq mi (466.1 km2). San Jose is the county seat of Santa Clara County and the main component of the San Jose–Sunnyvale–Santa Clara Metropolitan Statistical Area, with an estimated population of around two million residents in 2018.

Apollo Education Group

Apollo Education Group

Apollo Education Group, Inc. is an American corporation based in the South Phoenix area of Phoenix, Arizona, with an additional corporate office in Chicago, Illinois.

Financial District, Manhattan

Financial District, Manhattan

The Financial District of Lower Manhattan, also known as FiDi, is a neighborhood located on the southern tip of Manhattan in New York City. It is bounded by the West Side Highway on the west, Chambers Street and City Hall Park on the north, Brooklyn Bridge on the northeast, the East River to the southeast, and South Ferry and the Battery on the south.

Higher Education Act of 1965

Higher Education Act of 1965

The Higher Education Act of 1965 (HEA) was legislation signed into United States law on November 8, 1965, as part of President Lyndon Johnson's Great Society domestic agenda. Johnson chose Texas State University, his alma mater, as the signing site. The law was intended "to strengthen the educational resources of our colleges and universities and to provide financial assistance for students in postsecondary and higher education". It increased federal money given to universities, created scholarships, gave low-interest loans for students, and established a National Teachers Corps. The "financial assistance for students" is covered in Title IV of the HEA.

Overtime

Overtime

Overtime is the amount of time someone works beyond normal working hours. The term is also used for the pay received for this time. Normal hours may be determined in several ways:by custom, by practices of a given trade or profession, by legislation, by agreement between employers and workers or their representatives.

Pell Grant

Pell Grant

A Pell Grant is a subsidy the U.S. federal government provides for students who need it to pay for college. Federal Pell Grants are limited to students with financial need, who have not earned their first bachelor's degree, or who are enrolled in certain post-baccalaureate programs, through participating institutions. Originally known as a Basic Educational Opportunity Grant, it was renamed in 1980 in honor of Democratic U.S. Senator Claiborne Pell of Rhode Island. A Pell Grant is generally considered the foundation of a student's financial aid package, to which other forms of aid are added. The Federal Pell Grant program is administered by the United States Department of Education, which determines the student's financial need and through it, the student's Pell eligibility. The U.S. Department of Education uses a standard formula to evaluate financial information reported on the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) for determining the student's Expected Family Contribution (EFC).

FAFSA

FAFSA

The Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) is a form completed by current and prospective college students in the United States to determine their eligibility for student financial aid.

Naming rights

Naming rights

Naming rights are a financial transaction and form of advertising or memorialization whereby a corporation, person, or other entity purchases the right to name a facility, object, location, program, or event, typically for a defined period of time. For properties such as multi-purpose arenas, performing arts venues, or sports fields, the term ranges from three to 20 years. Longer terms are more common for higher profile venues such as professional sports facilities.

Advertising

Advertising

Advertising is the practice and techniques employed to bring attention to a product or service. Advertising aims to put a product or service in the spotlight in hopes of drawing it attention from consumers. It is typically used to promote a specific good or service, but there are wide range of uses, the most common being the commercial advertisement.

State Farm Stadium

State Farm Stadium

State Farm Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Glendale, Arizona, west of Phoenix. It is the home of the Arizona Cardinals of the National Football League (NFL) and the annual Fiesta Bowl. It replaced Sun Devil Stadium in Tempe as the home of the Cardinals, adjacent to Desert Diamond Arena, former home of the Arizona Coyotes of the National Hockey League.

Glendale, Arizona

Glendale, Arizona

Glendale is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States, located approximately 9 miles (14 km) northwest of Downtown Phoenix. As of the 2020 census, it has a population of 248,325.

Academics

UoPX has an open admissions policy by which most of its undergraduate programs accessible to anyone with a high school diploma, GED, or their equivalent. Prior to 2010, the university recruited students using high-pressure sales tactics, including assertions that classes were filling fast,[22] by admissions counselors who are paid, in part, based on their success in recruiting students.[102] The university recruits students and obtains financial aid on their behalf,[22] such as the Academic Competitiveness Grant, Federal Pell Grant, National Science & Mathematics Access to Retain Talent Grant (National SMART Grant), Federal Direct Student Loan Program, Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant, Federal Direct PLUS Loans, Federal Perkins Loan, and the Wounded Warrior Project.[103] In the 2017–18 award year, 51,990 UoPX received the Federal Pell Grant.[104]

Besides postsecondary degree-level programs, the school offers continuing education courses for teachers and practitioners, professional development courses for companies, and specialized courses of study for military personnel.[105] Students spend 20 to 24 hours with an instructor during each course, and are required to collaborate on learning team projects.[106]

Students have access to class-specific online resources, which include an electronic library of textbooks and other course materials. Some academics and former students argue the abbreviated courses and the use of learning teams result in an inferior education.[17][102] UoPX has been criticized for lack of academic rigor; Henry M. Levin, a professor of higher education at Teachers College at Columbia University, called its business degree an "MBA Lite", saying "I've looked at [its] course materials. It's a very low level of instruction."[17] The university's "corporate articulation agreements" provide an alternative assessment program for people working at other companies to earn college credit for training they have completed at their jobs. To qualify for college credit, students either write an "experiential essay" or create a professional training portfolio,[107] the latter of which is a collection of documents such as transcripts from other schools, certificates, licenses, workshops or seminars.[108]

UoPX has been regionally accredited since 1978 by the HLC. In February 2013, a peer review group recommended to the HLC that the university be put on probation because it "has insufficient autonomy relative to its parent corporation".[109] On May 9, 2013, the Apollo Group filed a report with the Securities and Exchange Commission which stated that the HLC Institutional Actions Council First Committee (IACFC) had recommended to the HLC that the university retain its regional accreditation, but that the university be placed on "notice" for two years. Their concerns centered on the university's governance, student assessment, and faculty scholarship in relation to Ph.D. programs.[110] In July 2015, the HLC removed University of Phoenix from Notice Status.[111]

University of Phoenix has 18 programs with business, healthcare, nursing, counseling and education having programmatic or specialized accreditation. Some individual colleges within University of Phoenix hold specialty accreditation or are pre-accredited by accrediting agencies that are recognized by the Council for Higher Education Accreditation.

  • School of Business – accreditation through the Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programs (ACBSP) including an Associate of Arts with a concentration in accounting or business fundamentals, a Bachelor of Science in business, a Master of Business Administration and a Doctor of Management.[112] Because UoPX's business programs are not accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB), some companies will not provide tuition reimbursement for employees attending the university.[17][113][114][115]
  • College of Education – Master of Arts in Education for Elementary, Secondary and Special Education as well as a Master of Arts in Administration and Supervision is accredited by the Teacher Education Accreditation Council.[116]
  • College of Nursing – B.S. and M.S. degree programs are accredited by the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education. Graduates are eligible to take the National Council Licensure Examination, which is required in order to become a practicing registered nurse.[117] Degrees in programs for medical, public health and health administration professionals are accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Management Education iMaster of Health Administration.[118]
  • College of Social Sciences – The Master of Science in Counseling program in Community Counseling (Phoenix and Tucson campuses only), the Master of Science in Counseling program in Mental Health Counseling (Utah campuses only), and the Master of Science in Counseling program in Clinical Mental Health Counseling (Phoenix and Tucson campuses only) are accredited by the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs.[119]

Rankings

UoPX was ranked 386th out of 391 schools in the 2021 Washington Monthly list of national universities.[120] The university is ranked #331-440 in the 2022 edition of the U.S. News & World Report National Universities.[121]

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Open admissions

Open admissions

Open admissions, or open enrollment, is a type of unselective and noncompetitive college admissions process in the United States in which the only criterion for entrance is a high school diploma or a certificate of attendance or General Educational Development (GED) certificate.

Academic Competitiveness Grant

Academic Competitiveness Grant

The Academic Competitiveness Grant, more commonly known by its acronym ACG, was a federal assistance grant reserved for college students with the greatest need for financial aid to attend school. To be eligible for this grant, students must have met all of the following criteria:They must be a United States citizen or eligible non-citizen; They must be Federal Pell Grant eligible; They must be enrolled at least half-time in a degree program; They must be in their first or second year of study at a two-year or four-year degree-granting institution; First-year students must not have been previously enrolled in an undergraduate program; Second-year students must have at least a cumulative 3.0 GPA on a 4.0 scale for their first year.

Federal Direct Student Loan Program

Federal Direct Student Loan Program

The William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program provides "low-interest loans for students and parents to help pay for the cost of a student's education after high school. The lender is the U.S. Department of Education ... rather than a bank or other financial institution." It is the largest single source of federal financial aid for students and their parents pursuing post-secondary education and for many it is the first financial obligation they incur, leaving them with debt to be paid over a period of time that can be a decade or more as the average student takes 19.4 years. The program is named after William D. Ford, a former member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Michigan.

Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant

Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant

The Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant, more commonly known by its acronym SEOG, is a federal assistance grant reserved for college students with the greatest need for financial aid to attend school. To be eligible for this grant, applicants must meet all of the following criteria:To be a United States citizen or eligible non-citizen, To not have a bachelor's degree, To not be in default of any federal student loan, To not have a Federal Pell Grant overpayment, To file their FAFSA.

Federal Perkins Loan

Federal Perkins Loan

A Federal Perkins Loan, or Perkins Loan, was a need-based student loan part of the Federal Direct Student Loan Program, offered by the U.S. Department of Education to assist American college students in funding their post-secondary education. The program was named after Carl D. Perkins, a former member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Kentucky.

Continuing education

Continuing education

Continuing education, also known as lifelong education or lifelong learning is an all-encompassing term within a broad list of post-secondary learning activities and programs. The term is used mainly in the United States and Canada.

Columbia University

Columbia University

Columbia University is a private Ivy League research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Church in Manhattan, it is the oldest institution of higher education in New York, the fifth-oldest in the United States, and one of nine colonial colleges founded prior to the Declaration of Independence.

Master of Business Administration

Master of Business Administration

A Master of Business Administration is a postgraduate degree focused on business administration. The core courses in an MBA program cover various areas of business administration such as accounting, applied statistics, human resources, business communication, business ethics, business law, strategic management, business strategy, finance, managerial economics, management, entrepreneurship, marketing, supply-chain management, and operations management in a manner most relevant to management analysis and strategy. It originated in the United States in the early 20th century when the country industrialized and companies sought scientific management.

Alternative assessment

Alternative assessment

Alternative assessment is also known under various other terms, including:authentic assessment integrative assessment holistic assessment

Council for Higher Education Accreditation

Council for Higher Education Accreditation

The Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA) is a United States organization of degree-granting colleges and universities. It identifies its purpose as providing national advocacy for academic quality through accreditation in order to certify the quality of higher education accrediting organizations, including regional, faith-based, private, career, and programmatic accrediting organizations.

Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programs

Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programs

The Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programs (ACBSP), formerly the Association of Collegiate Business Schools and Programs, is a U.S. organization offering accreditation services to business programs focused on teaching and learning.

Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business

Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business

The Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business, also known as AACSB International, is an American professional organization. It was founded as the American Assembly of Collegiate Schools of Business in 1916 to provide accreditation to schools of business, and was later known as the American Association of Collegiate Schools of Business and as the International Association for Management Education.

Ownership and leadership

UoPX is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Apollo Global Management.[122] The president is Chris Lynne and the chief academic officer is John Woods.[123]

Student demographics

According to the College Scorecard, the University of Phoenix student body's ethnic composition is 39 percent unknown, 26 percent white, 20 percent black, 11 percent Hispanic, 2 percent multiracial, with 1 percent each for Asian, American Indian/Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander as of July 2022.[124] The 2020 Academic Annual Report for UoPX indicated women make up two-thirds of the student body, the average student age is 37, and more than 83 percent of its students are employed while in school.[1] The 2020 report also noted that 21% of the student body were affiliated with the military, of which 41% are women. 26% of 2020 graduates were military-affiliated graduates.[125]

In 2020–21, 1,316 students used Department of Defense Tuition Assistance and 7,380 students used G.I. Bill funds.[126] University of Phoenix has been a partner of U.S. Army University and has had a presence at a few military bases.[127]

Faculty

The institution depends almost entirely on contingent faculty: about 97 percent of Phoenix instructors teach part-time, compared to 47 percent nationwide. This reliance on part-time faculty has been criticized by regulators and academic critics. Most of the classes are centrally crafted and standardized to ensure consistency and to maximize profits. No faculty members get tenure.[17][102] Adjuncts earn approximately $1000–$2000 per course.[128] Approximately 21 cents of every tuition dollar is spent on instruction.[129]

According to the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, the student to faculty ratio is 92 to 1 in the Arizona segment.[130] The university reported 76 full-time and 3,143 part-time faculty in its Arizona segment; full-time faculty make up 2 percent of the total faculty.[131]

Student outcomes

In 2016, a Brookings Institution study estimated University of Phoenix's five-year student loan default rate at 47 percent.[132] The College Navigator lists University of Phoenix's overall graduation rate at 15 percent.[133] According to the College Scorecard, of student debtors two years into repayment, 32 percent were in forbearance, 28 percent were not making progress, 13 percent were in deferment, 11 percent defaulted, 7 percent were making progress, 5 percent were delinquent, 2 percent were paid in full, and 1 percent were discharged.[134]

Alumni and affiliations

Phoenix alumni in the government sector include Howard Schmidt,[135] Mary Peters (1994),[136] and Brad Dee (1991).[137] In the private sector, alumni include former MBA Chair at the Forbes School of Business & Technology and radio host Diane Hamilton. In military and law enforcement, alumni include Kirkland H. Donald[138] and Harold Hurtt (1991).[139] Former MSNBC anchor and a host of NBC's Early Today Christina Brown is also an alumna of the university.[140]

Athletes who have earned degrees from the university include Shaquille O'Neal (2005),[141] Lisa Leslie,[142] Michael Russell (2012),[143] and Larry Fitzgerald (2016). Fitzgerald graduated with a bachelor's degree shortly before his 33rd birthday (he began college in 2002 at the University of Pittsburgh) and was a spokesman for UoPX.[144]

Several American policymakers have been affiliated with University of Phoenix and Apollo Education. Former secretary of the Department of Education, Margaret Spellings, is a member of the Apollo Group Board of Directors.[145] Jane Oates, a former staffer for Senator Ted Kennedy and the Department of Labor, became the Apollo Group's vice president for external relations in 2013.[146] Nancy Pelosi's close friendship with Sperling has been documented by Suzanne Mettler in Degrees of Inequality.[147] University of Phoenix has community partnerships with Boys and Girls Clubs of America, the American Red Cross, and the Junior League.[148] In 2016, University of Phoenix partnered with the ASIS Foundation to provide scholarships for students studying for security-related degrees. In March 2016, the first ten scholarship recipients were announced.[149] In 2017, the Vistria Group was part of the deal with Apollo Global Management to take over the schools. Vistria included two friends of Barack Obama: Miller and Martin Nesbitt.[70] In 2019, the Apollo Education Group was the third largest higher education lobby, and has 18 lobbyists at the federal level.[150] In 2021, UoPX demanded that the Republican Attorneys General Association refund a donation of more than $50,000 after the organization was allegedly involved in instigating the 2021 United States Capitol attack.[151]

Discover more about Alumni and affiliations related topics

List of University of Phoenix alumni

List of University of Phoenix alumni

This list of University of Phoenix alumni includes notable graduates.

Howard Schmidt

Howard Schmidt

Howard Anthony Schmidt was a partner with Tom Ridge in Ridge Schmidt Cyber LLC, a consultancy company in the field of cybersecurity. He was the Cyber-Security Coordinator of the Obama Administration, operating in the Executive Office of the President of the United States. He announced his retirement from that position on May 17, 2012, effective at the end of the month.

Brad Dee

Brad Dee

Bradley L. Dee is an American politician from Utah. He was a Republican member of the Utah State House, representing the state's 11th house district in Ogden from January 2003 through January 2017. He retired from office after choosing not to seek re-election in 2016.

Forbes School of Business & Technology

Forbes School of Business & Technology

The Forbes School of Business & Technology, also known as FSBT and Forbes Business School, is an online business school within The University of Arizona Global Campus. It offers degree programs at bachelor's and master's levels in business administration and information technology.

Kirkland H. Donald

Kirkland H. Donald

Kirkland Hogue "Kirk" Donald is a retired Admiral in the United States Navy, who in his last assignment served as the dual-hatted position of Director of Naval Nuclear Propulsion and Deputy Administrator of the National Nuclear Security Administration. Donald previously served as Commander, Submarine Force, U.S. Atlantic Fleet, and Commander, Submarine Allied Command, Atlantic. He retired from active duty on November 2, 2012.

Harold Hurtt

Harold Hurtt

Harold L. Hurtt is an Assistant Director at the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) for the Office of State, Local and Tribal Coordination, which consists of outreach programs and communications coordination between various outside law enforcement agencies. Hurtt previously served as police chief of the Houston Police Department from 2004 until 2009.

MSNBC

MSNBC

MSNBC is an American news-based television channel and website. It is owned by NBCUniversal—a subsidiary of Comcast. Headquartered in New York City, it provides news coverage and political commentary.

Early Today

Early Today

Early Today is an American early morning television news program that is broadcast on NBC on weekday mornings. The program features general national and international news stories, financial and entertainment news, off-beat stories, national weather forecasts and sports highlights. As of 2022, it is anchored by Frances Rivera and Phillip Mena.

Christina Brown

Christina Brown

Christina Brown is a journalist, formerly an anchor and correspondent for MSNBC and NBC News. She began working for MSNBC in June 2007 as anchor of overnight newsbreaks and the early morning programs Early Today and First Look, after five years with KTNV-TV in Las Vegas, Nevada and two years with KTSM-TV in El Paso, Texas, She left MSNBC/NBC News in 2010, She is now anchor of Arise News. She got her start in Radio/TV while enlisted in the Air Force. She is a graduate of the University of Phoenix. She holds a MS: Journalism, from Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. She is also a veteran of the United States Air Force.

Lisa Leslie

Lisa Leslie

Lisa Deshaun Leslie is an American former professional basketball player. She is currently the head coach for Triplets in the BIG3 professional basketball league, as well as a studio analyst for Orlando Magic broadcasts on Fox Sports Florida.

Larry Fitzgerald

Larry Fitzgerald

Larry Darnell Fitzgerald Jr. is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL) for 17 seasons with the Arizona Cardinals. He played college football at University of Pittsburgh and was drafted by the Cardinals with the third overall pick in the 2004 NFL Draft. He is widely considered by fans, coaches and peers to be one of the greatest receivers in NFL history.

Margaret Spellings

Margaret Spellings

Margaret M. LaMontagne Spellings is an American government and non-profit executive who has been serving as President and CEO of Texas 2036 since 2019. She previously served as the eighth United States secretary of education from 2005 to 2009. After leaving the government, Spellings served as president of the University of North Carolina System, overseeing the seventeen campus system from 2016 to 2019.

Source: "University of Phoenix", Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, (2023, March 10th), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Phoenix.

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Notes
  1. ^ As of 2022, all campuses but the headquarters in Phoenix are no longer accepting new students.
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External links

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