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Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi

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Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi
سید قطب‌الدین محمد نیریزی
Born1689
Died5 April 1760 (18 Sha'ban 1173 AH)
Burial placeWadi-us-Salaam cemetery, Najaf, Iraq
Coordinates: 32°00′18″N 44°18′54″E / 32.00500°N 44.31500°E / 32.00500; 44.31500
NationalityIranian
Other names
  • Mohammad Hosseini Zahabi
  • Mohammad Hosseini Shirazi
  • Qutb al-Din Mohammad Zahabi Tabrizi
  • Mohammad Zahabi Tabrizi
  • Qutb al-Din Neyrizi
Occupations

Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi (born 1689 in Neyriz - died 1760 in Najaf) was a prominent Iranian mystic of the Safavid period (1501 to 1736). He was 32nd Qutb of Zahabiya genealogy (Shiite Sufi sect). All historians have written his name as Mohammad and his title as Qutb al-Din.[1] In addition to his high position in the history of Shiite mysticism, he was one of the most important and influential political thinkers of the late Safavid period.[2][3][4][5]

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Neyriz

Neyriz

Neyriz is the capital city of Neyriz County, Fars Province, Iran. At the 2016 census, its population was 113.291.

Najaf

Najaf

Al-Najaf or An-Najaf al-Ashraf, Baniqia, is a city in central Iraq about 160 km (100 mi) south of Baghdad. Its estimated population in 2013 was 1,000,000 people. It is the capital of Najaf Governorate. It is widely considered amongst the holiest cities of Shia Islam and one of its spiritual capitals, whilst also remaining the center of Shia political power in Iraq. It is reputedly the burial place of Muhammad's son in law and cousin, Imam ‘Alī ibn Abī Tālib. It is also the location of the largest cemetery in the world, Wadi-us-Salaam, of one of the most important seminaries in the Shi'i Islamic world, and a major pilgrimage destination for Shia Muslims.

Iranian peoples

Iranian peoples

The Iranian peoples or Iranic peoples are a diverse grouping of Indo-European peoples who are identified by their usage of the Iranian languages and other cultural similarities.

Safavid dynasty

Safavid dynasty

The Safavid dynasty was one of Iran's most significant ruling dynasties reigning from 1501 to 1736. Their rule is often considered the beginning of modern Iranian history, as well as one of the gunpowder empires. The Safavid Shāh Ismā'īl I established the Twelver denomination of Shīʿa Islam as the official religion of the Persian Empire, marking one of the most important turning points in the history of Islam. The Safavid dynasty had its origin in the Safavid order of Sufism, which was established in the city of Ardabil in the Iranian Azerbaijan region. It was an Iranian dynasty of Kurdish origin, but during their rule they intermarried with Turkoman, Georgian, Circassian, and Pontic Greek dignitaries, nevertheless they were Turkish-speaking and Turkified. From their base in Ardabil, the Safavids established control over parts of Greater Iran and reasserted the Iranian identity of the region, thus becoming the first native dynasty since the Sasanian Empire to establish a national state officially known as Iran.

Qutb

Qutb

Qutb, Qutub, Kutb, Kutub or Kotb, means 'axis', 'pivot' or 'pole'. Qutb can refer to celestial movements and be used as an astronomical term or a spiritual symbol. In Sufism, a Qutb is the perfect human being, al-Insān al-Kāmil, who leads the saintly hierarchy. The Qutb is the Sufi spiritual leader that has a divine connection with God and passes knowledge on which makes him central to, or the axis of, Sufism, but he is unknown to the world. There are five Qutbs per era, and they are infallible and trusted spiritual leaders. They are only revealed to a select group of mystics because there is a "human need for direct knowledge of God".

Shia Islam

Shia Islam

Shīʿa Islam, otherwise known as Shīʿism or as Shīʿite or Shīʿī Islam, is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his successor (khalīfa) and the Imam after him, most notably at the event of Ghadir Khumm, but was prevented from succeeding Muhammad as the leader of the Muslims as a result of the choice made by some of Muhammad's other companions (ṣaḥāba) at Saqifah. This view primarily contrasts with that of Sunnī Islam, whose adherents believe that Muhammad did not appoint a successor before his death and consider Abū Bakr, who was appointed caliph by a group of senior Muslims at Saqifah, to be the first rightful (rāshidūn) caliph after Muhammad. Adherents of Shīʿa Islam are called Shīʿa Muslims, Shīʿites, or simply Shīʿa, Shia, or Shīʿīs.

Irfan

Irfan

In Islam, ‘Irfan, literally ‘knowledge, awareness, wisdom’, is gnosis. Islamic mysticism can be considered as a vast range that engulfs theoretical and practical and conventional mysticism, but the concept of Irfan is emphasised mostly within the Shia sect of Islam.

Safavid Iran

Safavid Iran

Safavid Iran or Safavid Persia, also referred to as the Safavid Empire, was one of the greatest Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often considered the beginning of modern Iranian history, as well as one of the gunpowder empires. The Safavid Shāh Ismā'īl I established the Twelver denomination of Shīʿa Islam as the official religion of the empire, marking one of the most important turning points in the history of Islam.

Birth and lineage

Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi was born 1689 in Neyriz, Neyriz County, Fars Province, Iran. The historians also mention his place of birth as Neyriz. The exact date of his birth is not mentioned in any of the biographies, but according to the introduction of his book "Ode to Love" (Arabic: قصيده عشقيه), it can be found that it happened approximately around the year 1689 (1100 AH). His lineage reaches to Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin (the fourth Imam in Shiʻi Islam) through 26 intermediaries of Sayyids, the elders of the religion.[6][7][8] His lineage reaches to Ali ibn Abi Talib (the first Imam of Shia Muslims) through his father through 28 intermediaries. His mother descended from Al-Musawi family, so Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi joins Musa al-Kadhim (the seventh Imam in Twelver Shia Islam) on his mother's side.[9][10]

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Neyriz

Neyriz

Neyriz is the capital city of Neyriz County, Fars Province, Iran. At the 2016 census, its population was 113.291.

Neyriz County

Neyriz County

Neyriz County is in Fars province, Iran. The capital of the county is the city of Neyriz. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 105,241 in 26,689 households. The following census in 2011 counted 113,750 people in 31,779 households. At the 2016 census, the county's population was 113,291 in 34,771 households. Abadeh Tashk District was separated from the county in 2018 to form Bakhtegan County.

Iran

Iran

Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmenistan to the north, by Afghanistan and Pakistan to the east, and by the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south. It covers an area of 1.64 million square kilometres, making it the 17th-largest country. Iran has an estimated population of 86.8 million, making it the 17th-most populous country in the world, and the second-largest in the Middle East. Its largest cities, in descending order, are the capital Tehran, Mashhad, Isfahan, Karaj, Shiraz, and Tabriz.

Hijri year

Hijri year

The Hijri year or era is the era used in the Islamic lunar calendar. It begins its count from the Islamic New Year in which Muhammad and his followers migrated from Mecca to Yathrib. This event, known as the Hijrah, is commemorated in Islam for its role in the founding of the first Muslim community (ummah).

Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin

Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin

ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn, also known as al-Sajjād or simply as Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn, c. 4 January 659 – c. 13 October 713, was an Imam in Shiʻi Islam after his father Husayn ibn Ali, his uncle Hasan ibn Ali, and his grandfather, Ali ibn Abi Talib.

Imamate in Shia doctrine

Imamate in Shia doctrine

In Shia Islam, the Imamah is a doctrine which asserts that certain individuals from the lineage of the Islamic prophet Muhammad are to be accepted as leaders and guides of the ummah after the death of Muhammad. Imamah further says that Imams possess divine knowledge and authority (Ismah) as well as being part of the Ahl al-Bayt, the family of Muhammad. These Imams have the role of providing commentary and interpretation of the Quran as well as guidance.

Sayyid

Sayyid

Sayyid is a surname of Muslims recognized as descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his grandsons, Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali, sons of Muhammad's daughter Fatima and his cousin and son-in-law Ali.

Imam

Imam

Imam is an Islamic leadership position. For Sunni Muslims, Imam is most commonly used as the title of a worship leader of a mosque. In this context, imams may lead Islamic worship services, lead prayers, serve as community leaders, and provide religious guidance. Thus for Sunnis, anyone can study the basic Islamic sciences and become an Imam.

Shia Islam

Shia Islam

Shīʿa Islam, otherwise known as Shīʿism or as Shīʿite or Shīʿī Islam, is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his successor (khalīfa) and the Imam after him, most notably at the event of Ghadir Khumm, but was prevented from succeeding Muhammad as the leader of the Muslims as a result of the choice made by some of Muhammad's other companions (ṣaḥāba) at Saqifah. This view primarily contrasts with that of Sunnī Islam, whose adherents believe that Muhammad did not appoint a successor before his death and consider Abū Bakr, who was appointed caliph by a group of senior Muslims at Saqifah, to be the first rightful (rāshidūn) caliph after Muhammad. Adherents of Shīʿa Islam are called Shīʿa Muslims, Shīʿites, or simply Shīʿa, Shia, or Shīʿīs.

Muslims

Muslims

Muslims are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abraham as it was revealed to Muhammad, the main Islamic prophet. The majority of Muslims also follow the teachings and practices of Muhammad (sunnah) as recorded in traditional accounts (hadith).

Al-Musawi

Al-Musawi

al-Musawi is an Arabic title indicating a person descended from Musa al-Kazim, the seventh of the Twelve Shi'a Imams. Family members from this dynasty are amongst the most respected and well-known Muslims. Members of this family are referred to by the anglicized version of their name. Some Musawis of the subcontinent also take the last name of Kazmi (الكاظمي). Some Musawis migrated from Mecca and Medina, Saudi Arabia to a small village where their ancestor Musa Al-Kadhim is buried in Baghdad, Iraq (Kadhimain).

Life and education

Exact information is not available about Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi's childhood. He probably lived in his hometown until adolescence, where he became acquainted with mystical literature. After that, he went to Shiraz and Isfahan and studied the sciences of Islamic jurisprudence, hadith, wisdom etc. with scholars such as Mullah Shah Mohammad Darabi (died 1728),[11][12] and then turned to the acquisition of divine knowledge and true sciences, and studied under Sheikh Ali Naghi Estahbanati (died 1717)[13] when he was about twenty years old. He acquired the divine sciences and knowledge from Sheikh Ali Naghi Estahbanati who was one of the greats of the Zahabiya genealogy (Shiite Sufi sect) at that time. Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi was also honored as the son-in-law of Sheikh Ali Naghi Estahbanati.[14]

After the death of Sheikh Ali Naghi Estahbanati, Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi became the religious leader of Zahabiya genealogy (so-called Qutb of the sect) and its promoter, and he became responsible for guidance and education. Until the late of the 1720s (1130s AH), he continued to study and acquire religious sciences from the scholars and great men of science and mysticism of that time, and although he was the Qutb of the Zahabiya genealogy at that time, he did not stop learning. Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi emigrated to Shiraz to complete his studies in Arabic literature, Islamic jurisprudence, hadith and wisdom. It is said that in 1713 and 1714 (1125 and 1126 AH) he taught religious and mystical sciences in Grand Mosque of Shiraz.[15] Probably in this period - between 1714 and 1716 (1126 and 1128 AH) - he began to apprenticing under Mullah Shah Mohammad Darabi (died 1728) and Mullah Mohammad Ali Sakkaki Shirazi (died in the middle of the 12th century AH). After that, he left for Najaf. Since Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi was in Kufa in 1717 (1129 AH), he must have gone to Iraq around 1716 (1128 AH). According to Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi himself, he met Seyyed Hashem Bahraani in Mosque of Kufa in 1717 (1129 AH) and was fascinated by his knowledge and perfection and became his student for some time.[16][17]

Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi, as he himself has said in some of his works, returned to Iran after a while and was in Qazvin in 1718 (1130 AH). In Qazvin, he began to apprenticing under Mir Ebrahim Qazvini (died 1732).[18] In addition to studying, Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi copied a manuscript of the Du'a al-Sabah written in the Kufic script by Mir Ebrahim Qazvini, and also arranged and completed the book "Manzumeye Alavieh" there. After that, he left for the holy city of Mashhad, where he met Mir Mohammad Taqi Khorasani (died 1726).[16][17] After a while, he came to Isfahan along with Mir Mohammad Taqi Khorasani from Mashhad. Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi must have arrived in Isfahan before the Afghan invasion, i.e. before 1722 (1134 AH). Because in addition to most sources mentioning Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi presence in Isfahan before that date, he also studied under Mullah Mohammad Sadegh Ardestani (died 1721) in Isfahan for a while. However, he entered Isfahan around 1719 or 1720 and used the presence of Mullah Mohammad Sadegh Ardestani and Agha Khalil Esfahani (died 1724), and lived there until the early 1730s (1140s AH). He was also proficient in politics, including writing a letter to Sultan Husayn informing him of the current situation and dangers and predicting an attack by Afghans.[15] In addition, as he himself has pointed out, in the cities of Isfahan, Shiraz, Qazvin and Kashan, he had apprenticeship of many scholars and masters of the day.[19]

Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi lived in Isfahan during one of the most difficult, turbulent and critical periods of Safavid dynasty. According to what he said in his books, it is known that he lived there for many years after the occupation of Isfahan by the Afghans, he has spoken about saving himself and his family from calamities, and told about the re-conquest of Isfahan and the arrival of the King Tahmasp II (reign 1728–1732), which took place in 1729. Therefore, it can be said that he was in Isfahan until about 1730. Then he returned to Shiraz from Isfahan and lived for about two decades there - that is, until the early 1750s (1160s AH). There he wrote and composed, also he trained his disciples, preached, and guided them. During this time, he traveled to his hometown of Neyriz and is said to have taught there for some time. Probably due to the turmoil in Shiraz from 1743 to 1745, Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi went to the Kharg Island for a while.[19]

He left for Najaf in the early 1750s (1160s AH), probably in 1750. He arrived in Najaf in 1750 or 1751. Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi lived in Najaf until the end of his life, where he devoted himself to teaching, composing and training disciples. It is said that he held a meeting there at nights and told mystical secrets to the enthusiasts. He wrote most of his works in Najaf.[19][20]

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Isfahan

Isfahan

Isfahan, from its ancient designation Aspadana and, later, Spahan in middle Persian, rendered in English as Ispahan, is a major city in the Central District of the Isfahan Province of Iran. It is located 440 kilometres south of Tehran and is the capital of Isfahan Province. The city has a population of approximately 2,220,000, making it the third-largest city in Iran, after Tehran and Mashhad, and the second-largest metropolitan area.

Fiqh

Fiqh

Fiqh is Islamic jurisprudence. Fiqh is often described as the human understanding and practices of the sharia, that is human understanding of the divine Islamic law as revealed in the Quran and the Sunnah. Fiqh expands and develops Shariah through interpretation (ijtihad) of the Quran and Sunnah by Islamic jurists (ulama) and is implemented by the rulings (fatwa) of jurists on questions presented to them. Thus, whereas sharia is considered immutable and infallible by Muslims, fiqh is considered fallible and changeable. Fiqh deals with the observance of rituals, morals and social legislation in Islam as well as economic and political system. In the modern era, there are four prominent schools (madh'hab) of fiqh within Sunni practice, plus two within Shi'a practice. A person trained in fiqh is known as a faqīh.

Hadith studies

Hadith studies

Hadith studies consists of several religious scholarly disciplines used by Muslim scholars in the study and evaluation of the Islamic hadith—i.e. the record of the words, actions, and the silent approval of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad.

Shia Islam

Shia Islam

Shīʿa Islam, otherwise known as Shīʿism or as Shīʿite or Shīʿī Islam, is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his successor (khalīfa) and the Imam after him, most notably at the event of Ghadir Khumm, but was prevented from succeeding Muhammad as the leader of the Muslims as a result of the choice made by some of Muhammad's other companions (ṣaḥāba) at Saqifah. This view primarily contrasts with that of Sunnī Islam, whose adherents believe that Muhammad did not appoint a successor before his death and consider Abū Bakr, who was appointed caliph by a group of senior Muslims at Saqifah, to be the first rightful (rāshidūn) caliph after Muhammad. Adherents of Shīʿa Islam are called Shīʿa Muslims, Shīʿites, or simply Shīʿa, Shia, or Shīʿīs.

Qutb

Qutb

Qutb, Qutub, Kutb, Kutub or Kotb, means 'axis', 'pivot' or 'pole'. Qutb can refer to celestial movements and be used as an astronomical term or a spiritual symbol. In Sufism, a Qutb is the perfect human being, al-Insān al-Kāmil, who leads the saintly hierarchy. The Qutb is the Sufi spiritual leader that has a divine connection with God and passes knowledge on which makes him central to, or the axis of, Sufism, but he is unknown to the world. There are five Qutbs per era, and they are infallible and trusted spiritual leaders. They are only revealed to a select group of mystics because there is a "human need for direct knowledge of God".

Najaf

Najaf

Al-Najaf or An-Najaf al-Ashraf, Baniqia, is a city in central Iraq about 160 km (100 mi) south of Baghdad. Its estimated population in 2013 was 1,000,000 people. It is the capital of Najaf Governorate. It is widely considered amongst the holiest cities of Shia Islam and one of its spiritual capitals, whilst also remaining the center of Shia political power in Iraq. It is reputedly the burial place of Muhammad's son in law and cousin, Imam ‘Alī ibn Abī Tālib. It is also the location of the largest cemetery in the world, Wadi-us-Salaam, of one of the most important seminaries in the Shi'i Islamic world, and a major pilgrimage destination for Shia Muslims.

Kufa

Kufa

Kufa, also spelled Kufah, is a city in Iraq, about 170 kilometres (110 mi) south of Baghdad, and 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) northeast of Najaf. It is located on the banks of the Euphrates River. The estimated population in 2003 was 110,000. Currently, Kufa and Najaf are joined into a single urban area that is mostly commonly known to the outside world as 'Najaf'.

Iraq

Iraq

Iraq, officially the Republic of Iraq, is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, the Persian Gulf and Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest and Syria to the west. The capital and largest city is Baghdad. Iraq is home to diverse ethnic groups including Iraqi Arabs, Kurds, Turkmens, Assyrians, Armenians, Yazidis, Mandaeans, Persians and Shabakis with similarly diverse geography and wildlife. The majority of the country's 40 million residents are Muslims – the notable other faiths are Christianity, Yazidism, Mandaeism, Yarsanism and Zoroastrianism. The official languages of Iraq are Arabic and Kurdish; others also recognised in specific regions are Suret (Assyrian), Turkish and Armenian.

Qazvin

Qazvin

Qazvin is the largest city and capital of the Province of Qazvin in Iran. Qazvin was a capital of the Safavid dynasty for over forty years (1555–1598) and nowadays is known as the calligraphy capital of Iran. It is famous for its traditional confectioneries, carpet patterns, poets, political newspaper and Pahlavi influence on its accent. At the 2011 census, its population was 381,598.

Du'a al-Sabah

Du'a al-Sabah

Du'a al-Sabah is a prayer advised by the first Imam of the Shiites, Ali ibn Abi Talib, to be recited in the morning. This prayer was written on the 28th of September in the year 646 by Ali ibn Abi Talib, learned from Muhammad ibn Abdullah, the Prophet of Islam. Du'a al-Sabah is mentioned by Mohammad-Baqer Majlesi in his books Bihar al-Anwar and Salah. In a treatise by Yahya ibn Qasim Alavi , it is claimed that a copy of this prayer was written in Kufic script by Imam Ali himself. The oldest authentication related to the Du'a al-Sabah is the book "Ikhtiar al-Misbah" written by "Sayyid Ali ibn al-Husayn ibn Hessan ibn al-Baqi al-Qurashi" in 1255.

Mashhad

Mashhad

Mashhad, also spelled Mashad, is the second-most-populous city in Iran, located in the relatively remote north-east of the country about 900 kilometres from Tehran. It serves as the capital of Razavi Khorasan Province and has a population about 3,400,000, which includes the areas of Mashhad Taman and Torqabeh.

Muhammad Sadiq Ardestani

Muhammad Sadiq Ardestani

Muhammad Sadiq Ardestani is one of the Iranian Shia philosophers during Safavid period.

His disciples

Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi has trained many disciples, the most prominent of whom are:[21][22][23]

  • Seyyed Mehdi ibn Morteza ibn Seyyed Mohammad Borujerdi, known as the "Bahr ol-Olum";
  • Akhund Mohammad Hashem Darvish Shirazi,[24] spiritual guardian and caliph of Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi, thirty-third Qutb of the Zahabiya genealogy;
  • Akhund Mullah Mehrab Gilani,[25][26][27][28] representative of Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi in Isfahan and Iraq;
  • Agha Mohammad Bidabadi,[29][30] famous scholar and mystic of the late twelfth century AH;
  • Mohammad Baqir Abdul Saleh Shirazi
  • Sheikh Ahmad Ehsaei
  • Sheikh Jafar Najafi, known as the "Khatam al-Mujtahedin";
  • Mir Mohammad Ali Kashani Asam
  • Sheikh Mohammad Ehsaei
  • Mullah Mohammad Waez Bayat Labib, from famous ascetics;
  • Seyyed Ali, elder son of Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi;
  • Lotfali Khan Khorasani
  • Seyyed Mohammad Najafi
  • Taqi Khan, ruler of Fars;
  • Mirza Mohammad Akhbari Neyshaburi

Source: "Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi", Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, (2023, February 10th), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seyyed_Qutb_al-Din_Mohammad_Neyrizi.

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Bibliography

His pre-Sufi writings are all gone. However, from his writings related to the period of Sufism and the stages of his spiritual perfection, the following can be mentioned (most in Arabic and some in Persian):[31][32][33][34]

  • Faslol Khetaab (Arabic: فصل الخطاب, English meaning: The final word): In matters of monotheism.[35][36] It contains three thousand Arabic poem verses about mysticism.[37] This book contains an introduction, thirteen praises, and a conclusion. In each praise, a chapter of the general divine issues is defined and explained. Republished in lithography in Tehran in 1955.
  • Kanz ol-Hekmah (Arabic: كنز الحكمه, English meaning: The treasure of wisdom):[36][38][26] It includes seven introductions and eighteen insights that explain the issue of the unity of existence and quality of the seven elements of the heart and the description of the seeker's ascension to human degrees and some other historical and useful mystical topics.[39] Republished in lithography in Tehran in 1955.
  • Shams ol-Hekmah (Arabic: شمس الحكمه, English meaning: The sun of wisdom):[40] This work in the form of ode in ninety-six verses in Arabic, includes research on the expression of the Quran and the rejection of the wisdom of material philosophers and the proof of true existence and the truth of eternal existence. Republished in Salmas in 1955.
  • Mesbaah al-Velayah (Arabic: مصباح الولايه, English meaning: The lights of guardianship):[41] In the form of an ode and about five thousand and two hundred verses in the description of the hadith of Imran Sabi.[42] The manuscript of this book is registered under No. 1278 of the Malek National Library.
  • Qasideh Eshqieh (Arabic: قصیده عشقيه, English meaning: Ode to love):[43][36][44][27][26][45][46][47] In expressing the truths of the love in the hearts of divine men, in the form of an ode containing four hundred verses and arranged in ten hints about the truth of love and the truth of the existence of the universe and the creation of human beings and the divine caliphate of The Fourteen Infallibles and degrees of human perfection and that science and practice are degrees of love. Republished in lithography in Shiraz in 1947.
  • Safir al-Arefin (Arabic: صفير العارفين, English meaning: The whistle of the knowers): It is an Arabic poem about truth of love and its importance.[48]
  • Resaleh dar Maaref Elahi (Persian: رساله در معارف الهى, English meaning: Treatise on Divine Knowledge): This treatise includes twelve praises in the divine teachings and the denial of the verbal and spiritual sharing of truth. It is full of Quran verses and hadiths. This work contains five hundred and seventy-two Arabic verses. The manuscript of this book is registered under No. 1278 of the Malek National Library and No. 4889 of The Parliamentary Library of Iran.
  • Manzumeh Sarfieh va Nahvieh Alavieh (Arabic: منظومه صرفيه و نحويه علويه, English meaning: The system of composition and syntactic structure of Alawites): About Arabic language system. The Morphology part of it consists of one thousand four hundred and twenty-three verses. Some parts of Arabic vocabulary of it completed by his son Seyyed Ali consists of one hundred and sixty-eight verses. The rest of it related to the hundred syntactic factors which are three hundred and twenty verses.
  • Resaleh Eest Arabi (Arabic: رساله‌ای است عربی, English meaning: An Arabic treatise):[49] In expressing the true unity of the Almighty and denying the verbal and spiritual commonality by the divine mystics methods. Republished in Shiraz in 1973.
  • Qasideh Ebdaeeyeh (Arabic: قصيده ابداعيه, English meaning: Ode to innovation):[50][51] One hundred and seventy-two verses in the discussion of the issuance of grace from the burden of transcendence and the levels of existence. Registration No. 4889 of The Parliamentary Library of Iran and No. 364 of the Central Library of University of Tehran.
  • Resaleh Efaazeh Roohieh (Arabic: رساله افاضه روحيه, English meaning: Treatise on Spiritual Spread):[52][53] In form of Arabic prose in three parts about truth of the general spirit and the number of souls and the levels of the ego and the heart and the intellect and the religious and practical aspects and the seven levels of the heart in detail. Translated and republished in Tehran in 1913.
  • Anvar al-Velayah (Arabic: انوار الولايه, English meaning: The glows of guardianship): Persian poetry in praising of Muhammad and Ali. Also about self-knowledge and incitement to leave the material world and encourage to learn the divine sciences and stay away from the official sciences. This book contains one thousand six hundred and seventy verses, of which only a few bits have been found so far.[54]
  • Resaleh Menhaj al-Tahrir (Arabic: رساله منهج التحرير, English meaning: Essay on the method of writing):[55][53] Persian poem about monotheism, equiponderant to the Makhzan ol-Asrar by Nizami, contains 258 verses, republished in Shiraz.
  • Sharh va Tarjomeye Manzum Doaye Mobarake Sabah (Persian: شرح و ترجمه منظوم دعاى مبارک صباح, English meaning: Description and translation of blessed Du'a al-Sabah in poem form):[56] Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi has compiled the prayer Du'a al-Sabah based on the manuscript written in the handwriting of Ali; In such a way that the meaning of each sentence of the prayer is included in a quatrain. He also wrote the Arabic preface on that prayer and its explanation.[57]

For Seyyed Qutb al-Din Mohammad Neyrizi, in addition to the aforesaid works, other writings have been mentioned, including:[58][59]

  • Orjoozah dar Sharhe Hadise Hazrat Ali Alayhes Salam (Persian: ارجوزه در شرح حدیث حضرت علی علیه السلام, English meaning: Ode in the explanation of the hadith of Imam Ali (as)):[60][53] On the corruption of the nation.
  • Orjoozah ee dar Osule Feqh (Persian: ارجوزه‌ای در اصول فقه, English meaning: An ode in the principles of jurisprudence)[61][53]
  • Manzumeye Mokhtasare Farsi dar Osule Deen (Persian: منظومه مختصر فارسی در اصول دین, English meaning: A short Persian poem on the principles of religion)[62]
  • Tebb ol-Mamaalek (Arabic: طب الممالک, English meaning: Medicine of the governments): It is a treatise stating the cause of government corruption and protesting against the government of that time. It is written in Arabic. A copy of it is available in the collection number 2264 of the library of the Grand Mosque of Qom.[63][64]
  • Mofarreh al-Qolub (Arabic: مفرح القلوب, English meaning: The hearts enlivening):[65][53] A poem collection on hundreds of syntactic factors.
  • Nazm ol-Leaali (Arabic: نظم اللئالی, English meaning: Excellent poems): An ode in Morphology science along with mystical evidence.
  • Noor ol-Hedayah (Arabic: نور الهدایه, English meaning: Light of the guidance)[36][44][66][45][26]
  • Orjoozah fi al-Towhid (Arabic: اُرجوزة في التوحيد, English meaning: Ode in monotheism): Poetry in Arabic describing Imam Ali.[67][68]
  • Orjoozah fi al-Fiqh va al-Osulain va al-Mavazin al-Shareeyah (Arabic: أرجوزة في الفقه والاُصولين والموازين الشرعية, English meaning: Ode in jurisprudence, principles, and legal scales)[67][69]
  • Badaye al-Hekam (Arabic: بدايع الحكم, English meaning: Unparalleled tips): It is a correspondence in form of prose and order, similar to prayers.[67][70]
  • Tarjomeye Manzume Qazali az Sheikh Farid al-Din Attar Neyshabouri (Persian: ترجمه منظوم غزلى از شيخ فريد الدين عطار نيشابورى, English meaning: Translation of a lyric poem by Sheikh Farid-ud-Din Attar Neyshabouri): In Arabic.[67][71]
  • Jaame Jahaan Namaa (Persian: جام جهان نما, English meaning: The orrery cup): In Persian about monotheism and levels of existence in a mystical method.[67]
  • Khabaro Soqut al-Najm fi Daare Ali Alayhes Salaam (Arabic: خبرُ سقوط النجم في دار عليّ عليه السلام, English meaning: The story of the star landing in the house of Ali (as)): According to religious narrations and in Arabic.[37][72]
  • Diwan Qutb Zahabi (Persian: ديوان قطب ذهبى, English meaning: Diwan of Qutb Zahabi)[37][73]
  • Resaleh Erfani (Persian: رساله عرفانى, English meaning: Mystical treatise): It is a Persian treatise on the position and rank of the Prophet Muhammad in a mystical style.[37][74]
  • Resalat Irfaniah (Arabic: رسالة عرفانية, English meaning: Mystical treatise): It is a treatise on Arabic poetry and prose that, in addition to its contents, has quoted narrations from the Kitab al-Kafi, Uyun Al-Akhbar, Nahj al-Balaghah, and Al-Ihtijaj.[37][75]
  • Al-Rouhiah al-Qodsiah (Arabic: الروحية القدسية, English meaning: The Holy Spirit): In it, he discusses the soul in a mystical way and it is in Arabic.[37][76]
  • Sharh Dua al-Sabah (Arabic: شرح دعاء الصباح, English meaning: Explanation of the Du'a al-Sabah prayer): In this treatise, the author quotes the Du'a al-Sabah prayer and explains it briefly in Arabic.[37][77]
  • Ketab fi al-Hekmat (Arabic: كتاب في الحكمة, English meaning: Book on Wisdom)[63][78]
  • Al-Leaali al-Mansourat (Arabic: اللئالي المنثورة, English meaning: From excellent poems): It is an ode in the explanation of the hadith of Ali in three hundred and seventy verses.[63][79]
  • Al-Marjaan va al-Yaaghut (Arabic: المرجان و الياقوت, English meaning: The coral and the ruby): A poem in Arabic about syntax.[80][81]
  • Manzumat fi Osul al-Deen (Arabic: منظومة في اُصول الدين, English meaning: A poem in the principles of religion): It is a short Persian treatise on the principles of religion (Islam).[80][82]
  • Nameh ee beh Shaykh al-Islam Muhammad Shafi (Persian: نامه‌اى به شيخ الاسلام محمد شفيع, English meaning: A letter to Shaykh al-Islam Muhammad Shafi): It is written in Arabic.[80][83]
  • Vojoodieh (Persian: وجوديه, English meaning: The Existence): It is in Persian.[80][84]
  • Al-Vasael (Arabic: الوسائل, English meaning: The means): Fourteen prayers, supplications and appeals to the portal of the Almighty in Arabic.[85][86]
Death

In the last decade of his life he went to Najaf and spent the rest of his life there. On 5 April 1760 (18 Sha'ban 1173 AH),[85] he died there and was buried in Wadi-us-Salaam cemetery.[87]

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  64. ^ علل برافتادن صفويان ، رسول جعفريان ، ص۲۰۱ .
  65. ^ الطهرانی, آغا بزرگ (1967). الذریعه الی تصانیف الشیعه (in Persian). Vol. 1. قم، تهران: موسسه اسماعیلیان، ۱۳۸۷. p. 487.
  66. ^ هدایت, رضا قلی خان. تذکره ریاض العارفین (in Persian). انتشارات کتابفروشی محمودی. p. 565. به کوشش مهرعلی کرکانی
  67. ^ a b c d e "آثار وى: قطب الدين نيريزى - کتابخانه فقاهت" (in Persian). Retrieved 25 October 2021.
  68. ^ فهرست نسخه‌هاى خطّى كتاب خانه مجلس شوراى اسلامى ، ج۳۵ ، ص۳۰۷ (ش ۵ / ۱۲۳۴۷) .
  69. ^ الذريعة ، ج۱ ، ص۴۹۰ (ش۲۴۲۳) .
  70. ^ فهرست نسخه هاى خطّى كتاب خانه مجلس شوراى اسلامى ، ج۳۵ ، ص۳۰۸ (ش ۷ / ۱۲۳۴۷) .
  71. ^ الذريعة ، ج۱۴ ، ص۳۵ (ش ۴۸۸۹) .
  72. ^ فهرست نسخه هاى خطّى كتاب خانه مجلس شوراى اسلامى ، ج۱۴ ، ص۳۷ (ش ۴۸۸۹) .
  73. ^ الذريعة ، ج۹ ، ص۸۸۴ (ش ۵۸۷۲) .
  74. ^ فهرست نسخه هاى خطى كتاب خانه مجلس شوراى اسلامى ، ص۳۲ (ش ۲/۴۸۸۹) .
  75. ^ فهرست نسخه هاى خطّى كتاب خانه مجلس شوراى اسلامى ، ج۱۴ ، ص۳۴ (ش ۵/۴۸۸۹) .
  76. ^ الذريعة ، ج۱۱ ، ص۲۶۶ (ش ۱۶۳۳) ؛ فهرست نسخه هاى خطى كتاب خانه مجلس شوراى اسلامى ، ج۱۴ ، ص۳۲ (ش ۴۸۸۹) .
  77. ^ فهرست نسخه هاى خطى كتاب خانه مجلس شوراى اسلامى ، ج۳۵ ، ص۳۰۵ (ش ۱/۱۲۳۴۷) .
  78. ^ الذريعة ، ج۷ ، ص۵۵ (ش ۲۹۱) .
  79. ^ الذريعة ، ج۱ ، ص۴۷۹ (ش ۲۳۸۰) .
  80. ^ a b c d "آثار: حسينى نيريزى، قطب الدين محمّد - کتابخانه فقاهت" (in Persian). Retrieved 25 October 2021.
  81. ^ الذريعة ، ج۱۹ ، ص۱۲۲ (ش ۶۲۳) .
  82. ^ الذريعة ، ج۲۳ ، ص۸۰ (ش ۸۰۸۷) .
  83. ^ فهرست نسخه هاى خطى كتاب خانه مجلس شوراى اسلامى ، ج۳۵ ، ص۳۰۸ (ش ۷ / ۱۲۳۴۷) .
  84. ^ الذريعة ، ج۱ ، ص۴۸۲ .
  85. ^ a b "وفات - حسينى نيريزى، قطب الدين محمّد - کتابخانه فقاهت" (in Persian). Retrieved 25 October 2021.
  86. ^ فهرست نسخه هاى خطّى كتاب خانه مجلس شوراى اسلامى ، ج۳۵ ، ص۳۰۸ (ش ۴ / ۱۲۳۴۷) .
  87. ^ ابوالحسنی, محمدعلی. "نگاهی اجمالی بر احوال و آثار عارف ربانی علامه سید قطب الدین محمد حسینی نیریزی". نشریه دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی دانشگاه تهران (in Persian): 258. بهار و تابستان 1381، دوره 1، شماره 1-2 (ويژه زبان و ادبيات عربي و قرآني)؛ از صفحه 245 تا صفحه 260

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