Sambre

In the administrative divisions of France, the department is one of the three levels of government under the national level, between the administrative regions and the communes. Ninety-six departments are in metropolitan France, and five are overseas departments, which are also classified as overseas regions. Departments are further subdivided into 332 arrondissements, and these are divided into cantons. The last two levels of government have no autonomy, instead serving as the basis of local organisation of police, fire departments and, sometimes, administration of elections.

Aisne is a French department in the Hauts-de-France region of northern France. It is named after the river Aisne. In 2019, it had a population of 531,345.

Barzy-en-Thiérache is a commune in the department of Aisne in the Hauts-de-France region of northern France.

Landrecies is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

Aulnoye-Aymeries is a commune in the Nord department in northern France. It was established in 1953 by the merger of the former communes Aulnoye and Aymeries.

Hautmont is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

Maubeuge is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

Montigny-le-Tilleul is a municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.

Charleroi is a city and a municipality of Wallonia, located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium. By 1 January 2008, the total population of Charleroi was 201,593. The metropolitan area, including the outer commuter zone, covers an area of 1,462 square kilometres (564 sq mi) with a total population of 522,522 by 1 January 2008, ranking it as the 5th most populous in Belgium after Brussels, Antwerp, Liège, and Ghent. The inhabitants are called Carolorégiens or simply Carolos.

Floreffe is a municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Namur, Belgium.

Aulne Abbey was a Cistercian monastery located between Thuin and Landelies on the river Sambre in the Bishopric of Liège, Belgium. It is now a Walloon Heritage Site.

Namur is a city and municipality in Wallonia, Belgium. It is the capital both of the province of Namur and of Wallonia, hosting the Parliament of Wallonia, the Government of Wallonia and its administration.

The Helpe Mineure is a river in France, which flows thorough the regions of Hauts-de-France. It arises in the municipality of Ohain at the confluence of two source streams. The river drains and flows in a generally north-westerly direction for about 50 kilometres (31 mi) it flows into its confluence as a southern tributary of the Sambre north-west of Maroilles.

Helpe Majeure is a river that runs through the Nord department in the Hauts-de-France region of France. It rises in the municipality of Ohain, with about a third of its watershed in Belgium, near the town of Momignies. The river initially marks the Franco-Belgian border as it flows north. Then it turns west and flows for 69 kilometres (43 mi) to its confluence north of Noyelles-sur-Sambre, as a southern tributary of the Sambre.

The Eau d'Heure lakes is a complex of five artificial lakes in Wallonia, forming the largest lake area in Belgium.

The Piéton is a northern tributary of the Sambre in the Belgian Province of Hainaut. Their confluence is in Charleroi.

Charleroi is a city and a municipality of Wallonia, located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium. By 1 January 2008, the total population of Charleroi was 201,593. The metropolitan area, including the outer commuter zone, covers an area of 1,462 square kilometres (564 sq mi) with a total population of 522,522 by 1 January 2008, ranking it as the 5th most populous in Belgium after Brussels, Antwerp, Liège, and Ghent. The inhabitants are called Carolorégiens or simply Carolos.

Châtelet is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium. It lies on the river Sambre.

Solre is a river in France that runs in the Département Nord in the region Hauts-de-France. It originates from the confluence of two source streams at Solre-le-Château, in the Avesnois Regional Nature Park. The river generally drains to the northwest and empties at 22.4 kilometers east of Maubeuge, in the municipality of Rousies, as a right tributary to the channeled Sambre.

Gaius Julius Caesar, was a Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, and subsequently became dictator from 49 BC until his assassination in 44 BC. He played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire.

The Belgae were a large confederation of tribes living in northern Gaul, between the English Channel, the west bank of the Rhine, and the northern bank of the river Seine, from at least the third century BC. They were discussed in depth by Julius Caesar in his account of his wars in Gaul. Some peoples in Britain were also called Belgae, and O'Rahilly equated them with the Fir Bolg in Ireland. The Belgae gave their name to the Roman province of Gallia Belgica and, much later, to the modern country of Belgium; today "Belgae" is also Latin for "Belgians".

Fleurus is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium. It has been the site of four major battles.

The Battle of Fleurus of August 29, 1622 was fought in the Spanish Netherlands between a Spanish army, and the Protestant forces of Ernst von Mansfeld and Christian of Brunswick during the Eighty Years' War and Thirty Years' War. The bloody struggle left the Protestants mangled and the Spanish masters of the field and would ensure Catholic dominance in Germany till the intervention of Denmark–Norway.

The Nine Years' War (1688–1697), also known as the War of the Grand Alliance or War of the League of Augsburg, was a conflict between France and the Grand Alliance, a coalition including the Holy Roman Empire, the Dutch Republic, England, Spain, and Savoy. While concentrated in Europe, fighting spread to the Americas, India, and West Africa, and it has been called the first world war. Related conflicts included the Williamite war in Ireland, and King William's War in North America.

The Battle of Fleurus, fought on 1 July 1690 near the town of Fleurus in modern Belgium, was a major engagement of the Nine Years' War. In a bold envelopment, Marshal Luxembourg, commanding a French army, inflicted a severe defeat on an Allied force led by Prince Waldeck.

The Battle of Fleurus, on 26 June 1794, was an engagement during the War of the First Coalition, between the army of the First French Republic, under General Jean-Baptiste Jourdan, and the Coalition army, commanded by Prince Josias of Coburg, in the most significant battle of the Flanders Campaign in the Low Countries during the French Revolutionary Wars. Both sides had forces in the area of around 80,000 men but the French were able to concentrate their troops and defeat the First Coalition. The Allied defeat led to the permanent loss of the Austrian Netherlands and to the destruction of the Dutch Republic. The battle marked a turning point for the French army, which remained ascendant for the rest of the War of the First Coalition.

The term Low Countries, also known as the Low Lands and historically called the Netherlands, Flanders, or Belgica, is a coastal lowland region in Northwestern Europe forming the lower basin of the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta and consisting of three countries: Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg. Geographically and historically, the area also includes parts of France and Germany such as French Flanders and the German regions of East Frisia and Cleves. During the Middle Ages, the Low Countries were divided into numerous semi-independent principalities.

The French Revolutionary Wars were a series of sweeping military conflicts lasting from 1792 until 1802 and resulting from the French Revolution. They pitted France against Britain, Austria, Prussia, Russia, and several other monarchies. They are divided in two periods: the War of the First Coalition (1792–1797) and the War of the Second Coalition (1798–1802). Initially confined to Europe, the fighting gradually assumed a global dimension. After a decade of constant warfare and aggressive diplomacy, France had conquered territories in the Italian Peninsula, the Low Countries and the Rhineland in Europe and abandoned Louisiana in North America. French success in these conflicts ensured the spread of revolutionary principles over much of Europe.

The Battle of Charleroi or the Battle of the Sambre, was fought on 21 August 1914, by the French Fifth Army and the German 2nd and 3rd armies, during the Battle of the Frontiers. The French were planning an attack across the Sambre River, when the Germans attacked first, forced back the French from the river and nearly cut off the French retreat by crossing the Meuse River around Dinant and getting behind the French right flank. The French were saved by a counter-attack at Dinant and the re-direction of the 3rd Army to the north-west in support of the 2nd Army, rather than south-west.

The Second Battle of the Sambre (which included the Second Battle of Guise and the Battle of Thiérache was part of the final European Allied offensives of World War I.