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Prestonian-class frigate

From Wikipedia, in a visual modern way
Class overview
Operators
Preceded byRiver class
Succeeded by
In commission28 August 1953 – 15 September 1967
Planned21
Completed21
Retired21
General characteristics
TypeFrigate
Displacement2,360 t (2,360.0 t) (full load)
Length301.25 ft (91.82 m)o/a
Beam36.5 ft (11.13 m)
Draught12 ft (3.66 m)
Propulsion2 x Admiralty 3-drum boilers, 2 shafts, reciprocating vertical triple expansion, 5,500 ihp (4,100 kW)
Speed19 knots (35.2 km/h)
Complement140
Sensors and
processing systems
  • 1 × USN SU Type radar (4-inch gunnery spotting)
  • 1 × Sperry Mk.2 navigation radar
  • 1 × Type 147 target depth finding sonar
  • 1 × Type 164B search sonar
  • 1 × SQS 501 (Type 162) bottom profiler sonar
  • 1 × Optical fire control director for twin 40mm
Electronic warfare
& decoys
  • 1 × DAU hf/df
  • 1 × AN/UPD 501 d/f
Armament
  • 1 × twin QF 4 in (102 mm)/45 QF Mk.16 guns
  • 1 × twin 40 mm/56 Mk.5 guns
  • 2–4 x 40 mm/56 Boffin guns
  • 2 × Squid Mk.4 ASW 3-barrelled mortars
Aviation facilitiesHMCS Buckingham fitted with flight deck for helicopter tests.

The Prestonian-class ocean anti-submarine escort frigate was a class of 21 frigates that served with the Royal Canadian Navy from 1953–1967 and with the Royal Norwegian Navy from 1956–1977.

They were converted from mothballed River-class frigates of British design that had been placed in reserve following the end of the Second World War. The first vessel to be reactivated and undergo refit was Prestonian which was recommissioned on 28 August 1953. The class did not use sequential pennant numbers.

Discover more about Prestonian-class frigate related topics

Ship class

Ship class

A ship class is a group of ships of a similar design. This is distinct from a ship type, which might reflect a similarity of tonnage or intended use. For example, USS Carl Vinson is a nuclear aircraft carrier of the Nimitz class.

Frigate

Frigate

A frigate is a type of warship. In different eras, the roles and capabilities of ships classified as frigates have varied somewhat.

Royal Canadian Navy

Royal Canadian Navy

The Royal Canadian Navy is the naval force of Canada. The RCN is one of three environmental commands within the Canadian Armed Forces. As of 2021, the RCN operates 12 frigates, four attack submarines, 12 coastal defence vessels, eight patrol class training vessels, two offshore patrol vessels, and several auxiliary vessels. The RCN consists of 8,570 Regular Force and 4,111 Primary Reserve sailors, supported by 3,800 civilians. Vice-Admiral Angus Topshee is the current commander of the Royal Canadian Navy and chief of the Naval Staff.

Royal Norwegian Navy

Royal Norwegian Navy

The Royal Norwegian Navy is the branch of the Norwegian Armed Forces responsible for naval operations of Norway. As of 2008, the Royal Norwegian Navy consists of approximately 3,700 personnel and 70 vessels, including 4 heavy frigates, 6 submarines, 14 patrol boats, 4 minesweepers, 4 minehunters, 1 mine detection vessel, 4 support vessels and 2 training vessels. It also includes the Coast Guard.

River-class frigate

River-class frigate

The River class was a class of 151 frigates launched between 1941 and 1944 for use as anti-submarine convoy escorts in the North Atlantic. The majority served with the Royal Navy and Royal Canadian Navy (RCN), with some serving in the other Allied navies: the Royal Australian Navy (RAN), the Free French Naval Forces, the Royal Netherlands Navy and, post-war, the South African Navy.

Pennant number

Pennant number

In the Royal Navy and other navies of Europe and the Commonwealth of Nations, ships are identified by pennant number. Historically, naval ships flew a flag that identified a flotilla or type of vessel. For example, the Royal Navy used a red burgee for torpedo boats and a pennant with an H for torpedo boat destroyers. Adding a number to the type-identifying flag uniquely identified each ship.

History

During the Korean War, Canada committed to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). It was believed at the time that there was a strategic threat to the shipping lanes supplying the European continent by the Soviet Union. This belief originated due to Soviet submarines becoming increasingly difficult to detect and identify, as a result of their updated technology.[1]

Vice-Admiral H.T.W. Grant, Chief of the Naval Staff of Canada, promised that Canada would contribute anti-submarine escort forces to combat the threat. Originally that meant updating only the existing fleet, however this policy was expanded when 21 decommissioned River-class frigates were converted to ocean escorts and recommissioned into the Royal Canadian Navy.[1]

The concept of anti-submarine warfare performed from a helicopter operating from the decks of escorts had been first proposed during the Second World War. Canada was the first nation to test a fully capable anti-submarine warfare helicopter flying from an escort.[1] HMCS Buckingham had a helicopter flight deck attached to her stern and performed sea trials from October to December 1956. These trials preceded the design of the destroyer helicopter carriers of the Royal Canadian Navy.[2]

In 1956, three frigates, HMCS Prestonian, HMCS Penetang and HMCS Toronto were loaned to the Royal Norwegian Navy and renamed Troll, Draug and Garm respectively.[3] They were purchased outright in 1959 and were the only export of the class.[2]

Three further River-class frigates, HMCS Stone Town, HMCS St. Catharines and HMCS St. Stephen, were disarmed and transferred to the Department of Transport of Canada for use as weather ships, but were given Royal Canadian Navy pennant numbers and were subsequently considered as part of the class.[4]

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Korean War

Korean War

The Korean War was fought between North Korea and South Korea from 1950 to 1953. The war began on 25 June 1950 when North Korea invaded South Korea following clashes along the border and rebellions in South Korea. North Korea was supported by China and the Soviet Union while South Korea was supported by the United States and allied countries. The fighting ended with an armistice on 27 July 1953.

Soviet Union

Soviet Union

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), was a transcontinental country spanning most of northern Eurasia that existed from 30 December 1922 to 26 December 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national republics; in practice, both its government and its economy were highly centralized until its final years. It was a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with the city of Moscow serving as its capital as well as that of its largest and most populous republic: the Russian SFSR. Other major cities included Leningrad, Kiev, Minsk, Tashkent, Alma-Ata, and Novosibirsk. It was the largest country in the world, covering over 22,402,200 square kilometres (8,649,500 sq mi) and spanning eleven time zones.

Harold Taylor Wood Grant

Harold Taylor Wood Grant

Vice-Admiral Harold Taylor Wood Grant, was a Canadian naval officer and a post-war Chief of the Naval Staff. The son of Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia, MacCallum Grant, Harold Grant entered the Royal Canadian Navy as a cadet in 1914. He spent most of the First World War in training until 1917, when he became a midshipman aboard a British Royal Navy ship. Considered an above average officer, he was earmarked for early promotion during the interwar period and by 1938, commanded the destroyer HMCS Skeena.

Royal Norwegian Navy

Royal Norwegian Navy

The Royal Norwegian Navy is the branch of the Norwegian Armed Forces responsible for naval operations of Norway. As of 2008, the Royal Norwegian Navy consists of approximately 3,700 personnel and 70 vessels, including 4 heavy frigates, 6 submarines, 14 patrol boats, 4 minesweepers, 4 minehunters, 1 mine detection vessel, 4 support vessels and 2 training vessels. It also includes the Coast Guard.

HMCS Stone Town (K531)

HMCS Stone Town (K531)

HMCS Stone Town was a River-class frigate that served with the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War. She served primarily as a convoy escort in the Battle of the Atlantic. She was named for St. Marys, Ontario, however there was already a ship by that name within the Commonwealth navies so they chose the nickname of the town for its representation. After the war she was re-purposed as a weather ship for use by the Department of Transport of Canada.

HMCS St. Catharines (K325)

HMCS St. Catharines (K325)

HMCS St. Catharines was a River-class frigate that served with the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War. She served primarily as a convoy escort in the Battle of the Atlantic. She was named for St. Catharines, Ontario. After the war she was re-purposed as a weather ship for use by the Department of Transport of Canada.

HMCS St. Stephen (K454)

HMCS St. Stephen (K454)

HMCS St. Stephen was a River-class frigate that served with the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War. She served primarily as a convoy escort in the Battle of the Atlantic. She was named for St. Stephen, New Brunswick.

Modifications

HMCS Toronto prior to modification – note the lower deck aft
HMCS Toronto prior to modification – note the lower deck aft

The River-class frigate was a successful Canadian-built escort design from the Second World War, However, there was a requirement to update this design to meet the needs of the post-war Canadian Navy and to match the threat of the Soviet submarine force.

The fo'c'sle deck was extended aft and was wall-sided. This extra space was primarily devoted to improved habitability.[2] All accommodation throughout the ship was improved.[3] Each crew member was given their own bunk.[5] The space was also used for generating machinery required by for anti-submarine warfare. This machinery was changed from three steam and one diesel to two steam and two diesel generators.[3] The quarterdeck was enclosed to house two Squid anti-submarine mortars.[2]

A much larger bridge structure was installed that was almost entirely enclosed.[3] The upper works were constructed of aluminum instead of steel to save weight.[5] This necessitated a heightened funnel to clear the new structure, which in turn required a larger mast. This mast remained a tripod.[3] The propelling machinery was overhauled and the hull forward was strengthened forward to protect against ice.[2][3]

One ship, Buckingham, had a flight deck attached aft for helicopter landing and takeoff sea trials, but the structure was removed once the trials were completed.

Ships

Royal Canadian Navy
Ship Pennant number Builder Laid down Launched Commissioned Paid off Fate
AntigonishAntigonish FFE 301 Yarrows Ltd., Esquimalt 2 October 1943 10 February 1944 12 October 1957 30 November 1966 Broken up in Japan 1968
Beacon HillBeacon Hill FFE 303 Yarrows Ltd., Esquimalt 16 July 1943 6 November 1943 21 December 1957 15 September 1967 Became training ship in 1949 and scrapped Sakai, Japan 1968
BuckinghamBuckingham FFE 314 Davie Shipbuilding & Repairing Co. Ltd., Lauzon 11 November 1943 28 April 1944 25 June 1954 23 March 1965 Broken up La Spezia, Italy 1966
Cap de la MadeleineCap de la Madeleine FFE 317 Morton Engineering & Dry Dock Co., Quebec City 5 November 1943 13 May 1944 7 December 1954 15 May 1965 broken up La Spezia, Italy 1966
Fort ErieFort Erie FFE 312 Davie Shipbuilding & Repairing Co. Ltd., Lauzon 3 November 1943 27 May 1944 17 April 1956 26 March 1965 sold for scrap and broken up La Spezia, Italy 1966
Inch ArranInch Arran FFE 308 Davie Shipbuilding & Repairing Co. Ltd., Lauzon 25 October 1943 6 June 1944 23 August 1954 23 June 1965 sold and maybe broken up 1970
JonquiereJonquiere FFE 318 Davie Shipbuilding & Repairing Co. Ltd., Lauzon 26 January 1943 28 October 1943 20 September 1954 23 September 1966 Broken up Victoria, BC 1967
La HulloiseLa Hulloise FFE 305 Canadian Vickers, Montreal 10 August 1943 29 October 1943 9 October 1957 16 July 1965 Sold and broken up La Spezia, Italy 1966
LanarkLanark FFE 321 Canadian Vickers, Montreal 25 September 1943 10 December 1943 15 April 1956 19 March 1965 Broken up La Spezia, Italy 1966
LauzonLauzon FFE 322 Davie Shipbuilding & Repairing Co. Ltd., Lauzon 2 July 1943 10 June 1944 12 December 1953 24 May 1963 Sold in Toronto 1964, likely scrapped.
New GlasgowNew Glasgow FFE 315 Yarrows Ltd., Esquimalt 2 December 1942 23 June 1943 30 January 1954 30 January 1967 Sold and broken up Japan 1967
New WaterfordNew Waterford FFE 304 Yarrows Ltd., Esquimalt 17 December 1943 3 July 1943 31 January 1958 22 December 1966 Broken up Savona, Italy in 1967.
OutremontOutremont FFE 310 Morton Engineering & Dry Dock Co., Quebec City 18 November 1942 3 July 1943 2 September 1955 7 June 1965 Broken up La Spezia, Italy in 1966.
PenetangPenetang FFE 316 Davie Shipbuilding & Repairing Co. Ltd., Lauzon 22 September 1943 6 July 1944 1 June 1954 25 January 1956 Broken up Oslo, Norway after 1966.
PrestonianPrestonian FFE 307 Davie Shipbuilding & Repairing Co. Ltd., Lauzon 20 July 1943 22 June 1944 22 August 1953 24 April 1956 Loaned to Norway 1956, sold outright 1959 and scrapped 1966
St. CatharinesSt. Catharines FFE 324 Yarrows Ltd., Esquimalt 2 May 1942 5 December 1942 31 July 1943 14 December 1945 Transferred to Department of Transport as CGS St. Catharines, serving as a weather monitoring ship in the North Pacific, 1952–1967. Sold, 1968 as fish factory ship in Vancouver, BC.
St. StephenSt. Stephen FFE 323 Yarrows Ltd., Esquimalt 5 October 1943 6 February 1944 28 July 1944 30 January 1946 Used as Weather ship by RCN from 1947–1950. Transferred to Dept. of Transport in 1950 as CGS St. Stephen and used as weather ship until 1968.
Ste. ThereseSte. Therese FFE 309 Davie Shipbuilding & Repairing Co. Ltd., Lauzon 18 May 1943 16 October 1943 21 January 1955 30 January 1967 Broken up in Japan in 1967
StettlerStettler FFE 311 Canadian Vickers, Montreal 31 May 1943 9 October 1943 2 February 1954 31 August 1966 Sold broken up in Victoria, BC 1967.
Stone TownStone Town FFE 302 Canadian Vickers, Montreal 17 November 1943 28 March 1944 21 July 1944 13 November 1945 Transferred to Department of Transport as CGS Stone Town, serving as a weather monitoring ship in the North Pacific, 1952–1967. Sold, 1968 as fish factory ship in Vancouver, BC
SussexvaleSussexvale FFE 313 Davie Shipbuilding & Repairing Co. Ltd., Lauzon 15 November 1943 12 July 1944 8 August 1955 30 November 1966
SwanseaSwansea FFE 306 Yarrows Ltd., Esquimalt 15 July 1942 19 December 1942 14 November 1957 14 October 1966 Sold August 1967, broken up Savona, Italy 1967.
TorontoToronto FFE 319 Davie Shipbuilding & Repairing Co. Ltd., Lauzon 10 May 1943 18 September 1943 26 November 1953 14 April 1956 Transferred to Norway in 1956 as Garm and then as Valkyrien; scrapped 1977.
VictoriavilleVictoriaville FFE 320 Davie Shipbuilding & Repairing Co. Ltd., Lauzon 2 December 1943 23 June 1944 25 September 1959 December 1966 Decommissioned as a Prestonian-class frigate, December 1966; recommissioned as diving tender HMCS Granby. Finally decommissioned, 31 December 1973 and scrap in 1974.

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Japan

Japan

Japan is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north toward the East China Sea, Philippine Sea, and Taiwan in the south. Japan is a part of the Ring of Fire, and spans an archipelago of 14,125 islands covering 377,975 square kilometers (145,937 sq mi); the five main islands are Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, and Okinawa. Tokyo is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Yokohama, Osaka, Nagoya, Sapporo, Fukuoka, Kobe, and Kyoto.

Davie Shipbuilding

Davie Shipbuilding

Davie Shipbuilding is a historic shipbuilding company located in Lauzon, Quebec, Canada. The facility is now operating as Chantier Davie Canada Inc. and is the oldest continually operating shipbuilder in North America.

Lauzon, Quebec

Lauzon, Quebec

Lauzon is a former city in southern Quebec, Canada, located on the St. Lawrence River northeast of Lévis. Founded in 1867 as a village it became a town in 1910, Lauzon had a population of about 14,500 when it merged with Lévis in 1989. The then-amalgamated city had the name of Lévis-Lauzon for about one year in 1991, before merging again and changing its name for good to Lévis.

Morton Engineering and Dry Dock Company

Morton Engineering and Dry Dock Company

Morton Engineering and Dry Dock Company was a shipbuilding company from Quebec City, Quebec. It was located in the Lower Town area of the city, along the Saint-Charles River. Founded in 1858, the shipyard stayed in operation until 1949, when it constructed its last ship. It built ships for the Royal Navy and Royal Canadian Navy during both world wars. In 1947, the company was renamed St. Lawrence Metal and Marine Works.

Quebec City

Quebec City

Quebec City, officially Québec, is the capital city of the Canadian province of Quebec. As of July 2021, the city had a population of 549,459, and the metropolitan area had a population of 839,311. It is the eleventh-largest city and the seventh-largest metropolitan area in Canada. It is also the second-largest city in the province after Montreal. It has a humid continental climate with warm summers coupled with cold and snowy winters.

Source: "Prestonian-class frigate", Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, (2022, February 16th), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prestonian-class_frigate.

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Further Reading

HMCS Toronto (K538)

St. Laurent-class destroyer

HMCS Antigonish

HMCS Cap de la Madeleine

HMCS Penetang (K676)

HMCS New Glasgow

HMCS Inch Arran

HMCS La Hulloise

HMCS Prestonian

HMCS Jonquiere

HMCS Lanark

HMCS New Waterford

HMCS Outremont

HMCS Ste. Therese (K366)

HMCS Sussexvale (K683)

HMCS Victoriaville (K684)
References

Notes

  1. ^ a b c German, Tony (1990). The Sea is at Our Gates: A History of the Canadian Navy. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart Limited. p. 233. ISBN 0771032692.
  2. ^ a b c d e Macpherson, Ken; Burgess, John (1981). The ships of Canada's naval forces 1910–1981 : a complete pictorial history of Canadian warships. Toronto: Collins. ISBN 0-00216-856-1.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Raymond V.B. Blackman, ed. (1958). Jane's Fighting Ships 1958–59. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc. p. 77.
  4. ^ R.v.b. Blackman, ed. (1963). Jane's Fighting Ships, 1963–1964. London: Sampson Low. p. 37. ISBN 0-070-32161-2.
  5. ^ a b "First Converted Frigate Ready". The Crowsnest. Vol. 5, no. 11. Queen's Printer. September 1953. p. 2.
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