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North Arcot

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North Arcot
District of the Madras Presidency
1855–1989
Flag of North Arcot District
Flag
TN Districts North Arcot.png
Location of North Arcot district at the time of the formation of Madras State in 1956
CapitalChittoor (1855 - 1911), Tiruvannamalai (1911-1913), Vellore (1913-1989)
Area 
• 1901
19,129.7 km2 (7,386.0 sq mi)
Population 
• 1901
2207712
History
History 
• Annexation of the Arcot State
1855
• Separation of the Chittoor district
1911
• Bifurcated into the districts of Tiruvannamalai and Vellore
1989
Preceded by		 Succeeded by
Nawab of the Carnatic
Tiruvannamalai district
Vellore district
The Imperial Gazetteer of India, Vol. 5

North Arcot was a former district in Madras Presidency, acquired by the annexation of the Arcot State in 1855 when its Nawab died without issue. It had Chittoor as its headquarters (currently in Andhra pradesh).[1] On 1 April 1911, the Chittoor district was separated from North Arcot. The remaining district, with Vellore as its headquarters,[2] passed intact into the Madras State of independent India. On 30 September 1989 the district was split into Tiruvannamalai-Sambuvarayar district (present-day Tiruvannamalai district) and North Arcot Ambedkar district (present-day Vellore district). It contained the present day districts of Tiruvannamalai, Vellore, Chittoor, Tirupati, Tirupattur and Ranipet.

Discover more about North Arcot related topics

District

District

A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions of municipalities, school district, or political district.

Madras Presidency

Madras Presidency

The Madras Presidency, or the Presidency of Fort St. George, also known as Madras Province, was an administrative subdivision (presidency) of British India. At its greatest extent, the presidency included most of southern India, including the whole of the Indian state of Andhra state, almost whole of Tamil Nadu and some parts of Kerala, Karnataka, Odisha and the union territory of Lakshadweep. The city of Madras was the winter capital of the Presidency and Ooty, the summer capital. The coastal regions and northern part of Island of Ceylon at that time was a part of Madras Presidency from 1793 to 1798 when it was created a Crown colony. Madras Presidency was neighboured by the Kingdom of Mysore on the northwest, Kingdom of Cochin on the southwest, Kingdom of Pudukkottai in the Center and the Kingdom of Hyderabad on the north. Some parts of the presidency were also flanked by Bombay Presidency (Konkan) and Central Provinces and Berar.

Chittoor

Chittoor

Chittoor is a city and district headquarters in Chittoor district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is also the mandal and divisional headquarters of Chittoor mandal and Chittoor revenue division respectively. The city has a population of 153,756 and that of the agglomeration is 175,647.

Chittoor district

Chittoor district

Chittoor district is one of the eight districts in the Rayalaseema region of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The district headquarters is located at Chittoor. It has a population of 18,72,951 according to 2011 census of India. It lies in the Poini River Valley of southernmost Andhra Pradesh along the Chennai–Bangalore section of Chennai-Mumbai highway. Chittoor district is a major market centre for mangoes, grains, sugarcane, and peanuts.

Vellore

Vellore

Vellore, also spelt as Velur, is a city and the administrative headquarters of Vellore district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located on the banks of the Palar River in the northeastern part of Tamil Nadu and is separated into four zones that are further subdivided into 60 wards, covering an area of 87.915 km2 and housing a population of 423,425 as reported by the 2001 census. It is located about 137.20 kilometres (85 mi) west of Chennai, and about 213.20 kilometres (132 mi) east of Bangalore. Vellore is located on the Mumbai–Chennai arm of the Golden Quadrilateral. Vellore is governed under a mayor and the Vellore Municipal Corporation. It is a part of both the Lok Sabha and state assembly constituencies of Vellore.

Madras State

Madras State

Madras State was a state of India during the mid-20th century. At the time of its formation in 1950, it included the whole of present-day Tamil Nadu, Coastal Andhra, Rayalaseema, the Malabar region of North and central Kerala, Bellary, South Canara and Kollegal. Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema were separated to form Andhra State in 1953, while South Canara and Bellary districts along with the Kollegalam taluka of Coimbatore district were merged with Mysore State, and Malabar District with the State of Travancore-Cochin to form Kerala in 1956. Post State Reorganization in 1956, the remaining Madras State was renamed to Tamil Nadu on January 14, 1969.

Tiruvannamalai district

Tiruvannamalai district

Tiruvannamalai district is the largest and one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil Nadu, in South India. It was formed in the year 1989 through the bifurcation of North Arcot into the Tiruvannamalai Sambuvarayar and Vellore Ambedkar districts. The city of Tiruvannamalai is the district headquarters.

Vellore district

Vellore district

Vellore district is one of the 38 districts in the Tamil Nadu state of India. It is one of the eleven districts that form the north region of Tamil Nadu. Vellore city is the headquarters of this district. As of 2011, the district had a population of 1,614,242 with a sex ratio of 1,007 females for every 1,000 males. In 2017 Vellore district ranked eleventh in list of districts in Tamil Nadu by Human Development Index.

Tirupati district

Tirupati district

Tirupati district is one of the twenty-six districts in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The district headquarters is located at Tirupati city. Tirupati district is known for its numerous historic temples, including the Hindu shrine of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple, Sri Kalahasteeswara temple and many others.The district is also home to Satish Dhawan Space Centre, a rocket launch centre located in Sriharikota and operated by Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). The river Swarnamukhi flows through Tirupati, Srikalahasti and joins with the Bay of Bengal in this district. Industries include groundnuts and paddy fields.

Ranipet district

Ranipet district

Ranipet district is one of the 38 districts of Tamil Nadu, India, formed by trifurcating Vellore district. The Government of Tamil Nadu has announced its proposal on 15 August 2019, together with Tirupattur district. However, it was officially declared on 28 November 2019 by Tamil Nadu Government. The town of Ranipet would serve as the district headquarters.

History

Historically, the name "Arcot" is said to be derived from a linguistic corruption of the original Tamil word "Aaru Kaadu", meaning "Six Forests". The region is described in common folklore as lush region flanked by six forests in which is said to have resided a myriad of sages and seers.

The district was also famous for its missionary, the Arcot Mission of the Reformed Church.

Under the British Raj

During the British Raj, the North Arcot district formed a key province in the then Madras Presidency, under the control of the Nawabs of Arcot. The region of Arcot under the control of the Mughal regime in India was under the jagir or fiefdom of the Subah of Arcot. The famous Palar river intersects the region and the portion of Arcot to the north of the Palar came to be known as North Arcot. It is described as an inland district on the eastern side of the Madras Presidency, lying between 12 degrees 20 mins and 13 degrees and 55 mins North and 78 degrees and 14 mins and 79 degrees and 59 minutes E, with an area of 7,386 square miles (19,130 km2).

On the north the district is separated from Cuddapah by a portion of the Eastern Ghats and locally known as the Tirupati Hills, form the town of that name which lies at their foot. The range is broken by a long valley running northwards into the Cuddapah District. Advantage has been taken of this gap by the north-west line of the Southern Railway which passes up in through the ghats on its way to Mumbai. On the west of the District runs up to the Mysore plateau. In the south-west, separated from the eastern ghats by the fertile valley of the Palar, is the detached group of the Javadi Hills, well wooded and containing much game which divides the district from Salem and part of South Arcot. Along the southern and eastern borders, adjoining South Arcot and Chingleput, the terrain is flat and uninspiring. In the north-east, the Nagari Hills are conspicuous with the high precipitous cliffs, the most important peak being the Nagari Nose (2,824 feet), in the Karvetnagar zamindari over-looking the railway line. From all the hill ranges, numerous small boulder-covered spurs branch off towards the center of the district and combine to render it one of the most varied and picturesque areas in the region.

None of the hills is particularly lofty, the general elevation of the Eastern Ghats and the Javadis being about 2,500 and 3,000 feet (910 m) respectively. The highest peak is Avalapalle Drug (3,829 feet) in the Punganuru Zamindari. Carnatikgarh (3,124 feet) in the Polur taluk and Kailasagarh (2,743) feet in Vellore, both on the Javadis, are other peaks of importance. Each has a small bungalow on its summit which forms a pleasant retreat in the hot season. Except the Javadis, the hills are generally uninhabited.

The chief rivers of the district are the Palar and its tributaries, the Cheyyar and the Poini. Except for a few days, the beds of these are dry, sandy wastes. The Cheyyar river rises in the Javadis. It first flows southwards into the South Arcot District, then bending to the east and north-east and enters the southern taluks of North Arcot, flows eastward across them and finally joins the Palar river near Walajabad in Chingleput District.

Discover more about Under the British Raj related topics

British Raj

British Raj

The British Raj was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia; it is also called Crown rule in India, or Direct rule in India, and lasted from 1858 to 1947. The region under British control was commonly called India in contemporaneous usage and included areas directly administered by the United Kingdom, which were collectively called British India, and areas ruled by indigenous rulers, but under British paramountcy, called the princely states. The region was sometimes called the Indian Empire, though not officially.

Madras Presidency

Madras Presidency

The Madras Presidency, or the Presidency of Fort St. George, also known as Madras Province, was an administrative subdivision (presidency) of British India. At its greatest extent, the presidency included most of southern India, including the whole of the Indian state of Andhra state, almost whole of Tamil Nadu and some parts of Kerala, Karnataka, Odisha and the union territory of Lakshadweep. The city of Madras was the winter capital of the Presidency and Ooty, the summer capital. The coastal regions and northern part of Island of Ceylon at that time was a part of Madras Presidency from 1793 to 1798 when it was created a Crown colony. Madras Presidency was neighboured by the Kingdom of Mysore on the northwest, Kingdom of Cochin on the southwest, Kingdom of Pudukkottai in the Center and the Kingdom of Hyderabad on the north. Some parts of the presidency were also flanked by Bombay Presidency (Konkan) and Central Provinces and Berar.

Mumbai

Mumbai

Mumbai is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the de facto financial centre of India. With an estimated city proper population of 12.5 million (1.25 crore) living under the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation, Mumbai is the most populous city in India. Mumbai is the centre of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region, the sixth most populous metropolitan area in the world with a population of over 23 million. Mumbai lies on the Konkan coast on the west coast of India and has a deep natural harbour. In 2008, Mumbai was named an alpha world city.

Source: "North Arcot", Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, (2022, October 24th), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Arcot.

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Further Reading

Arcot, Tamil Nadu

Chittoor

Carnatic region

List of districts of Tamil Nadu

Palar River

Javadi Hills

Sholinghur

Chittoor district

Roman Catholic Diocese of Vellore

Eparchaean Unconformity

Administrative divisions of Madras Presidency

South Arcot District (Madras Presidency)

Tiruvannamalai district

Tondaimandalam

Kallakurichi district
See also
References
  1. ^ The Imperial Gazetteer of India. Vol. 5: Abazai to Arcot. New edition. Clarendon Press, Oxford 1908, p. 408
  2. ^ Census of India, 1991: District census handbook, Controller of Publications, 1994, p. 26
Sources
External links

Coordinates: 12°30′N 79°00′E / 12.500°N 79.000°E / 12.500; 79.000

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