Get Our Extension

Neon (company)

From Wikipedia, in a visual modern way
Neon
TypeSubsidiary
IndustryFilm industry
FoundedJanuary 13, 2017; 6 years ago (2017-01-13)[1]
FounderTom Quinn
Tim League
Headquarters,
U.S.
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Kim Kalyka (Vice president)[2]
Number of employees
11–50 people[2]
Parent30WEST
Divisions
Websiteneonrated.com

Neon (stylized in all caps) is an American independent film production and distribution company founded in 2017 by CEO Tom Quinn and Tim League, who also was the co-founder of the Alamo Drafthouse Cinema chain.[1] Its first film, Colossal, was released on April 7, 2017.[4][5][6] The company is best known for distributing critically acclaimed and award-winning films, such as I, Tonya (2017), Three Identical Strangers (2018), Apollo 11 (2019), Parasite (2019), Portrait of a Lady on Fire (2019), Palm Springs (2020), Flee (2021), Spencer (2021), The Worst Person in the World (2021), All the Beauty and the Bloodshed (2022), Fire of Love (2022), and Triangle of Sadness (2022).[7][8][9] Parasite is Neon's highest-grossing film at the worldwide box office with more than $200 million.[10]

Additionally, Neon has worked with several high-profile filmmakers, some of which the films released by the company pivoted their film careers, including Bong Joon-ho, Sara Dosa, Julia Ducournau, Craig Gillespie, Pablo Larraín, Todd Douglas Miller, Brett Morgen, Ruben Östlund, Laura Poitras, Jonas Poher Rasmussen, Céline Sciamma, Joachim Trier, and Nacho Vigalondo.[11]

As of 2019, League is no longer involved with daily operations for the company.[12]

Discover more about Neon (company) related topics

All caps

All caps

In typography, all caps refers to text or a font in which all letters are capital letters, for example: "THIS TEXT IS IN ALL CAPS". All caps may be used for emphasis. They are commonly seen in legal documents, the titles on book covers, in advertisements and in newspaper headlines. Short strings of words in capital letters appear bolder and "louder" than mixed case, and this is sometimes referred to as "screaming" or "shouting". All caps can also be used to indicate that a given word is an acronym.

Film distribution

Film distribution

Film distribution is the process of making a movie available for viewing by an audience. This is normally the task of a professional film distributor, who would determine the marketing and release strategy for the film, the media by which a film is to be exhibited or made available for viewing and other matters. The film may be exhibited directly to the public either through a movie theater or television, or personal home viewing. For commercial projects, film distribution is usually accompanied by film promotion.

Alamo Drafthouse Cinema

Alamo Drafthouse Cinema

The Alamo Drafthouse Cinema is an American cinema chain founded in 1997 in Austin, Texas, which is famous for serving dinner and drinks during the movie, as well as its strict policy of requiring its audiences to maintain proper cinema-going etiquette.

Colossal (film)

Colossal (film)

Colossal is a 2016 science fiction black comedy film directed and written by Nacho Vigalondo. The film stars Anne Hathaway, Jason Sudeikis, Dan Stevens, Austin Stowell, and Tim Blake Nelson. The film follows an unemployed writer who unwittingly manifests a giant creature in Seoul while struggling with alcoholism and an abusively controlling colleague.

Apollo 11 (2019 film)

Apollo 11 (2019 film)

Apollo 11 is a 2019 American documentary film edited, produced and directed by Todd Douglas Miller. It focuses on the 1969 Apollo 11 mission, the first spaceflight from which men walked on the Moon. The film consists solely of archival footage, including 70 mm film previously unreleased to the public, and does not feature narration, interviews or modern recreations. The Saturn V rocket, Apollo crew consisting of Buzz Aldrin, Neil Armstrong, and Michael Collins, and Apollo program Earth-based mission operations engineers are prominently featured in the film.

All the Beauty and the Bloodshed

All the Beauty and the Bloodshed

All the Beauty and the Bloodshed is a 2022 American documentary film which explores the career of Nan Goldin and the fall of the Sackler family. The film is produced, co-edited and directed by Laura Poitras. Poitras said, "Nan's art and vision has inspired my work for years, and has influenced generations of filmmakers."

Fire of Love (2022 film)

Fire of Love (2022 film)

Fire of Love is a 2022 independent documentary film about the lives and careers of volcanologists Katia and Maurice Krafft. Directed, written, and produced by Sara Dosa, the film had its world premiere at the 2022 Sundance Film Festival on January 20, 2022, where it won the Jonathan Oppenheim Editing Award. It was released on July 6, 2022, by National Geographic Documentary Films and Neon. It received acclaim from critics, and was nominated for Best Documentary Feature at the 95th Academy Awards.

Box office

Box office

A box office or ticket office is a place where tickets are sold to the public for admission to an event. Patrons may perform the transaction at a countertop, through a hole in a wall or window, or at a wicket. By extension, the term is frequently used, especially in the context of the film industry, as a metonym for the amount of business a particular production, such as a film or theatre show, receives. The term is also used to refer to a ticket office at an arena or a stadium.

Bong Joon-ho

Bong Joon-ho

Bong Joon-ho is a South Korean film director, producer and screenwriter. The recipient of four Academy Awards, his filmography is characterised by emphasis on social themes, genre-mixing, black humor, and sudden tone shifts.

Craig Gillespie

Craig Gillespie

Craig Gillespie is an Australian-American film, television, music video, and commercial director. He is best known for directing the films Lars and the Real Girl (2007), Fright Night (2011), I, Tonya (2017), and Cruella (2021).

Brett Morgen

Brett Morgen

Brett D. Morgen is an American documentary filmmaker. His directorial credits include The Kid Stays in the Picture (2002), Crossfire Hurricane (2012), Kurt Cobain: Montage of Heck (2015), Jane (2017), and Moonage Daydream (2022).

Céline Sciamma

Céline Sciamma

Céline Sciamma is a French screenwriter and film director. She is especially known for her films Girlhood (2014), My Life as a Courgette (2016), and Portrait of a Lady on Fire (2019), winning many nominations and awards for her films.

History

During the 4th Annual Zurich Summit, Tom Quinn commented on Neon's intent to release titles that appeal to audiences who "skew under 45, that have no aversion to violence, no aversion to foreign language and to non-fiction".[13] In September 2017, the company partnered with Blumhouse Productions to manage BH Tilt.[14]

In 2019, a majority stake of Neon was sold to 30West, the media venture arm of The Friedkin Group.[15][16][17]

In 2021, Bleecker Street partnered with Neon to launch the joint home entertainment distribution company Decal, which is a standalone full-service operation that handles distribution deals on the home entertainment rights to both Neon and Bleecker Street's curated slates of features. The first film to be distributed through Decal is the Bleecker Street release Supernova in winter 2021.[3] Additionally, Decal acquired North American distribution rights to the South African horror film Gaia for a summer theatrical release, marking their first ever acquisition.[18]

Prior to the joint-venture, Universal Pictures Home Entertainment, as well as The Criterion Collection and Well Go USA Entertainment (for Possessor where Neon and Well Go co-distributed the film), distributed Neon's titles on home media.

Discover more about History related topics

Blumhouse Productions

Blumhouse Productions

Blumhouse Productions is an American film and television production company founded in 2000 by Jason Blum.

Bleecker Street (company)

Bleecker Street (company)

Bleecker Street is an independent American film company that specializes in film distribution. The company is based in New York City and named after 65 Bleecker Street, the street address of Andrew Karpen's prior company Focus Features. It was founded in 2014 by Andrew Karpen, with the goal to distribute “smart house” films that combine the entertainment of studio blockbusters with the artistic indie allure.

Decal (company)

Decal (company)

Decal is an American film distribution company owned by Neon and Bleecker Street. It was launched in February 2021.

Supernova (2020 film)

Supernova (2020 film)

Supernova is a 2020 British romantic drama film written and directed by Harry Macqueen. The film stars Colin Firth and Stanley Tucci.

Gaia (film)

Gaia (film)

Gaia is a 2021 South African horror thriller film produced and directed by Jaco Bouwer from a screenplay by Tertius Kapp. It stars Monique Rockman, Carel Nel, Alex van Dyk, and Anthony Oseyemi.

Universal Pictures Home Entertainment

Universal Pictures Home Entertainment

Universal Pictures Home Entertainment is the home video distribution division of American film studio Universal Pictures, owned by the NBCUniversal Film and Entertainment division of NBCUniversal, which is owned by Comcast.

The Criterion Collection

The Criterion Collection

The Criterion Collection, Inc. is an American home-video distribution company that focuses on licensing, restoring and distributing "important classic and contemporary films". Criterion serves film and media scholars, cinephiles and public and academic libraries. Criterion has helped to standardize certain aspects of home-video releases such as film restoration, the letterboxing format for widescreen films and the inclusion of bonus features such as scholarly essays and commentary tracks. Criterion has produced and distributed more than 1,000 special editions of its films in VHS, Betamax, LaserDisc, DVD, Blu-ray and Ultra HD Blu-ray formats and box sets. These films and their special features are also available via an online streaming service that the company operates.

Possessor (film)

Possessor (film)

Possessor is a 2020 science fiction psychological horror film written and directed by Brandon Cronenberg. It stars Andrea Riseborough and Christopher Abbott, with Rossif Sutherland, Tuppence Middleton, Sean Bean, and Jennifer Jason Leigh in supporting roles. Riseborough portrays an assassin who performs her assignments through possessing the bodies of other individuals, but finds herself fighting to control the body of her current host (Abbott).

Accolades

As of 2023, Neon has received a total of 23 Academy Award nominations, winning 5 overall.

In 2018, I, Tonya received three nominations, winning Best Supporting Actress for Allison Janney.[19]

In 2019, Border was nominated for Best Makeup and Hairstyling.[20]

In 2020, Neon experienced its most successful Oscar season yet with Honeyland and Parasite claiming eight nominations in total, with the latter winning four awards including Best Picture and Best Director (Bong Joon-ho); Parasite became the first non-English language film to win Best Picture, and the first film distributed by Neon to be nominated and win that honor.[21][22][23]

In 2022, Neon received six nominations: three for Flee, two for The Worst Person in the World, and Best Actress for Kristen Stewart for her portrayal of Diana Spencer in Spencer.[24]

In addition, Neon has acquired the distribution rights to three Palme d'Or winners at the Cannes Film Festival: Parasite (2019), Titane (2021), and Triangle of Sadness (2022); all three won consecutively.[25] The latter received three nominations at the 95th Academy Awards: Best Picture, Best Director (Ruben Östlund), and Best Original Screenplay (Östlund).[26] That same year, All the Beauty and the Bloodshed and Fire of Love were both nominated for Best Documentary Feature Film.[27]

After acquiring Parasite in 2018, Neon financed and distributed the film the following year in U.S. territories.[28] It subsequently became Neon's highest-grossing film with more than $200 million at the box office as well as the company's highest-rated film with approval ratings from Rotten Tomatoes (99%; 474 reviews), Metacritic (96; 52 reviews), and IMDb (8.5/10; 835K votes).[10][29][30][31][32]

Neon has also been nominated and won numerous British Academy Film Awards, Critics' Choice Awards, Golden Globe Awards, Independent Spirit Awards, and Screen Actors Guild Awards.[33][34][35][36][37][38]

Discover more about Accolades related topics

Academy Awards

Academy Awards

The Academy Awards, also known as the Oscars, are awards for artistic and technical merit for the film industry. They are presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), in recognition of excellence in cinematic achievements as assessed by the Academy's voting membership. The Academy Awards are regarded by many as the most prestigious, significant awards in the entertainment industry in the United States and worldwide. The Oscar statuette depicts a knight rendered in the Art Deco style.

90th Academy Awards

90th Academy Awards

The 90th Academy Awards ceremony, presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), honored the best films of 2017, and took place at the Dolby Theatre in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California. The ceremony was held on March 4, 2018, rather than its usual late-February date to avoid conflicting with the 2018 Winter Olympics. During the ceremony, AMPAS presented Academy Awards in 24 categories. The ceremony, which was televised in the United States by ABC, was produced by Michael De Luca and Jennifer Todd and directed by Glenn Weiss. Comedian Jimmy Kimmel hosted for the second consecutive year.

Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress

Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress

The Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is given to honor an actress who has delivered an outstanding performance in a supporting role while working within the film industry. The award is traditionally presented by the previous year's Best Supporting Actor winner.

Allison Janney

Allison Janney

Allison Brooks Janney is an American actress. In a career spanning three decades, she is known for her performances across multiple genres of screen and stage. Janney has received various accolades, including an Academy Award, a British Academy Film Award, a Golden Globe Award, and seven Primetime Emmy Awards, in addition to nominations for two Tony Awards.

91st Academy Awards

91st Academy Awards

The 91st Academy Awards ceremony, presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), honored the best films of 2018 and took place on February 24, 2019, at the Dolby Theatre in Hollywood, Los Angeles. During the ceremony, AMPAS presented Academy Awards in 24 categories. The ceremony was televised in the United States by the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) and was produced by Donna Gigliotti and Glenn Weiss, with Weiss also serving as director. This was the first telecast to have no host since the 61st ceremony held in 1989.

Academy Award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling

Academy Award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling

The Academy Award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling is the Academy Award given to the best achievement in makeup and hairstyling for film. Traditionally, three films have been nominated each year with exceptions in the early 1980s and 2002 when there were only two nominees; in 1999, when there were four nominees. Beginning with the 92nd Academy Awards, five films were nominated.

92nd Academy Awards

92nd Academy Awards

The 92nd Academy Awards ceremony, presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), honored films released in 2019 and took place on February 9, 2020, at the Dolby Theatre in Hollywood, Los Angeles, beginning at 5:00 p.m. PST / 8:00 p.m. EST. During the ceremony, the AMPAS presented Academy Awards in 24 categories. The ceremony, televised in the United States by ABC, was produced by Stephanie Allain and Lynette Howell Taylor and was directed by Glenn Weiss. Three months earlier in a ceremony at the Ray Dolby Ballroom of the Hollywood & Highland Center in Hollywood held on October 27, 2019, the Academy held its 11th Annual Governors Awards ceremony.

Academy Award for Best Picture

Academy Award for Best Picture

The Academy Award for Best Picture is one of the Academy Awards presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) since the awards debuted in 1929. This award goes to the producers of the film and is the only category in which every member of the Oscars is eligible to submit a nomination and vote on the final ballot. The Best Picture category is traditionally the final award of the night and is widely considered as the most prestigious honor of the ceremony.

Academy Award for Best Director

Academy Award for Best Director

The Academy Award for Best Director is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is given in honor of a film director who has exhibited outstanding directing while working in the film industry. The award is traditionally presented by the previous year's Best Director winner.

Bong Joon-ho

Bong Joon-ho

Bong Joon-ho is a South Korean film director, producer and screenwriter. The recipient of four Academy Awards, his filmography is characterised by emphasis on social themes, genre-mixing, black humor, and sudden tone shifts.

94th Academy Awards

94th Academy Awards

The 94th Academy Awards ceremony, presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), took place on March 27, 2022, at the Dolby Theatre in Hollywood, Los Angeles. The awards were scheduled after their usual late February date to avoid conflicting with both the 2022 Winter Olympics and Super Bowl LVI, with the latter being held in nearby Inglewood, California. During the gala, the AMPAS presented Academy Awards in 23 categories honoring films released from March 1 to December 31, 2021. The ceremony, televised in the United States by ABC, was produced by Will Packer and Shayla Cowan and was directed by Glenn Weiss. Actresses Regina Hall, Amy Schumer, and Wanda Sykes hosted the show for the first time. Two days earlier, in an event held at the Ray Dolby Ballroom of the Ovation Hollywood complex in Hollywood, the Academy held its 12th annual Governors Awards ceremony.

Academy Award for Best Actress

Academy Award for Best Actress

The Academy Award for Best Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is given to an actress who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role in a film released that year. The award is traditionally presented by the previous year's Best Actor winner.

Filmography

Source: "Neon (company)", Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, (2023, March 27th), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon_(company).

Enjoying Wikiz?

Enjoying Wikiz?

Get our FREE extension now!

See also
References
  1. ^ a b Fleming, Mike Jr. (January 13, 2017). "Tom Quinn & Tim League Launch Distribution Shingle Neon for Sundance". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on February 5, 2020. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Neon". LinkedIn. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  3. ^ a b D'Alessandro, Anthony (February 11, 2021). "NEON & Bleecker Street Launch Joint Home Entertainment Distribution Company DECAL". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on March 26, 2021. Retrieved March 11, 2021.
  4. ^ Verhoeven, Beatrice (September 15, 2016). "Anne Hathaway's 'Colossal' to Be Released by Tom Quinn and Tim League's New Distributor". TheWrap. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
  5. ^ Brooks, Brian (April 6, 2017). "Anne Hathaway & Jason Sudeikis Star in Genre-Defying 'Colossal' from Newcomer Neon – Specialty B.O. Preview". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
  6. ^ Brooks, Brian (April 8, 2017). "Neon's 'Colossal' Bows Big; STX's 'Their Finest' Solid – Specialty Box Office". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
  7. ^ Mendelsohn, Jon (August 3, 2020). "The Best Neon Films, From Palm Springs to Parasite". CBR. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
  8. ^ Peters, Fletcher (February 15, 2020). "The 10 Best Neon Films to Stream on Hulu". Decider. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
  9. ^ Gama, Daniela (January 22, 2023). "From 'Parasite' to 'Portrait of a Lady on Fire': 10 Best NEON Movies To Watch Right Now". Collider. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
  10. ^ a b McClintock, Pamela (February 18, 2020). "Box Office: 'Parasite' Heads for Huge $50M-Plus in U.S. After Historic Oscar Win". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved February 18, 2020.
  11. ^ Lodderhose, Diana (August 25, 2021). "How Tom Quinn's Indie Label Neon is Shining Bright With its Pandemic-Proof Business Model". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
  12. ^ Sperling, Nicole (November 27, 2019). "'Parasite' Has Shocked the Box Office, Helped by an Upstart Studio". The New York Times. Archived from the original on February 11, 2020. Retrieved February 13, 2020.
  13. ^ MacNab, Geoffrey (October 1, 2017). "How new US distribution outfit Neon is chasing younger audiences". Screen Daily. Archived from the original on June 15, 2018. Retrieved April 18, 2018.
  14. ^ McNary, Dave (September 7, 2017). "Blumhouse Partners with Neon to Manage BH Tilt Label". Variety. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 19, 2018.
  15. ^ Fleming, Mike Jr. (September 5, 2017). "Dan Friedkin and Micah Green Name Venture: 30WEST". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on December 17, 2019. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
  16. ^ Fleming, Mike Jr. (May 13, 2018). "Why NEON is the Hot New Distributor in Town — Deadline Disruptors". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on February 28, 2020. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  17. ^ Faughnder, Ryan (February 11, 2020). "'Parasite' Oscars are a huge win for Neon. Why the scrappy indie bet on Bong Joon Ho". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on May 27, 2020. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
  18. ^ N'Duka, Amanda (March 5, 2021). "Decal Picks Up Horror Thriller 'Gaia' Ahead of SXSW Debut". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on March 10, 2021. Retrieved March 12, 2021.
  19. ^ Lopez, Ricardo (March 4, 2018). "Allison Janney on Oscar Win: 'I Did It All by Myself'". Variety. Archived from the original on May 9, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2020.
  20. ^ Baker-Whitelaw, Gavia (February 19, 2019). "The weirdest movie at the Oscars is 'Border'". The Daily Dot. Archived from the original on November 7, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2020.
  21. ^ Buchanan, Kyle; Barnes, Brooks (February 10, 2020). "'Parasite' Earns Best-Picture Oscar, First for a Movie Not in English". The New York Times. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
  22. ^ Whipp, Glenn (February 10, 2020). "How 'Parasite' made Oscars history as the first foreign-language Best Picture winner". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
  23. ^ Giorgis, Hannah (February 10, 2020). "Parasite Won So Much More Than the Best Picture Oscar". The Atlantic. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
  24. ^ "NEON's Flee, Spencer, The Worst Person in the World land six Oscar nominations". The Friedkin Group. February 8, 2022. Retrieved February 8, 2022.
  25. ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (May 28, 2022). "Cannes Palme d'Or Winner Ruben Östlund Says Theatrical Cut of 'Triangle of Sadness' Will Be "Longer and Richer" – Cannes". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved May 28, 2022.
  26. ^ Jackson, Destiny (January 24, 2023). "'Triangle of Sadness' Writer-Director Ruben Östlund on Oscar Nominations, Creating "A Wild Rollercoaster Ride for Adults" and His Next Social Satire Horror film 'The Entertainment System Is Down': Q&A". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved January 25, 2023.
  27. ^ Morfoot, Addie (February 11, 2023). "Documentary Nominees 'Navalny', 'All the Beauty and the Bloodshed' and More Send Powerful Messages About the State of the World". Variety. Retrieved February 11, 2023.
  28. ^ Hipes, Patrick (October 31, 2018). "Bong Joon-Ho's 'Parasite' Lands U.S. Deal With Neon – AFM". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved October 31, 2018.
  29. ^ "Parasite". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved February 22, 2022.
  30. ^ "Parasite Reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved February 22, 2022.
  31. ^ "Parasite" (Drama • Thriller). IMDb. Retrieved February 22, 2022.
  32. ^ Brueggemann, Tom (January 18, 2020). "How 'Parasite' Changed What Foreign-Language Films Can Do at the Box Office". IndieWire. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
  33. ^ Chuba, Kirsten (January 8, 2018). "Allison Janney Thanks Tonya Harding During Golden Globes Win". Variety. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
  34. ^ Tartaglione, Nancy (January 5, 2020). "Bong Joon-Ho Says Don't Let Subtitles Be a Barrier to Cinema as 'Parasite' Wins Best Foreign Language Golden Globe". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
  35. ^ Lambe, Stacy (January 13, 2020). "Bong Joon-ho and Sam Mendes Win Best Director in Shocking Tie at 2020 Critics' Choice Awards". Entertainment Tonight. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
  36. ^ N'Duka, Amanda (January 20, 2020). "'Parasite' Becomes First Foreign-Language Film to Win Marquee SAG Award; Bong Joon-Ho Addresses Oscar Chances". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
  37. ^ Marshall, Alex (February 3, 2020). "'1917' and 'Parasite' are Big Winners at the BAFTAs". The New York Times. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
  38. ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony; Blyth, Antonia (February 8, 2020). "Independent Spirit Awards Redresses Female Balance With Wins for Lulu Wang, Olivia Wilde & Julia Reichert – Complete Winners List". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
External links

The content of this page is based on the Wikipedia article written by contributors..
The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike Licence & the media files are available under their respective licenses; additional terms may apply.
By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use & Privacy Policy.
Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization & is not affiliated to WikiZ.com.