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List of individual apes

From Wikipedia, in a visual modern way
Napoleon and Sally, 1916 film
Napoleon and Sally, 1916 film

This is a list of non-human apes of encyclopedic interest. It includes individual chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans, bonobos, and gibbons that are in some way famous or notable.

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Human

Human

Humans are the most abundant and widespread species of primate. They are a type of great ape that is characterized by bipedalism and exceptional cognitive skills due to a large and complex brain. Humans are highly social and tend to live in complex social structures composed of many cooperating and competing groups, from families and kinship networks to political states. As such, social interactions between humans have established a wide variety of values, social norms, languages, and rituals, each of which bolsters human society. The desire to understand and influence phenomena has motivated humanity's development of science, technology, philosophy, mythology, religion, and other conceptual frameworks.

Ape

Ape

Apes are a clade of Old World simians native to sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia, which together with its sister group Cercopithecidae form the catarrhine clade, cladistically making them monkeys. Apes do not have tails due to a mutation of the TBXT gene. In traditional and non-scientific use, the term "ape" can include tailless primates taxonomically considered Cercopithecidae, and is thus not equivalent to the scientific taxon Hominoidea. There are two extant branches of the superfamily Hominoidea: the gibbons, or lesser apes; and the hominids, or great apes.The family Hylobatidae, the lesser apes, include four genera and a total of 20 species of gibbon, including the lar gibbon and the siamang, all native to Asia. They are highly arboreal and bipedal on the ground. They have lighter bodies and smaller social groups than great apes. The family Hominidae (hominids), the great apes, include four genera comprising three extant species of orangutans and their subspecies, two extant species of gorillas and their subspecies, two extant species of panins and their subspecies, and humans in a single extant subspecies.

Chimpanzee

Chimpanzee

The chimpanzee, also known as simply the chimp, is a species of great ape native to the forest and savannah of tropical Africa. It has four confirmed subspecies and a fifth proposed subspecies. When its close relative the bonobo was more commonly known as the pygmy chimpanzee, this species was often called the common chimpanzee or the robust chimpanzee. The chimpanzee and the bonobo are the only species in the genus Pan. Evidence from fossils and DNA sequencing shows that Pan is a sister taxon to the human lineage and is humans' closest living relative. The chimpanzee is covered in coarse black hair, but has a bare face, fingers, toes, palms of the hands, and soles of the feet. It is larger and more robust than the bonobo, weighing 40–70 kg (88–154 lb) for males and 27–50 kg (60–110 lb) for females and standing 120 to 150 cm.

Gorilla

Gorilla

Gorillas are herbivorous, predominantly ground-dwelling great apes that inhabit the tropical forests of equatorial Africa. The genus Gorilla is divided into two species: the eastern gorilla and the western gorilla, and either four or five subspecies. The DNA of gorillas is highly similar to that of humans, from 95 to 99% depending on what is included, and they are the next closest living relatives to humans after chimpanzees and bonobos.

Orangutan

Orangutan

Orangutans are great apes native to the rainforests of Indonesia and Malaysia. They are now found only in parts of Borneo and Sumatra, but during the Pleistocene they ranged throughout Southeast Asia and South China. Classified in the genus Pongo, orangutans were originally considered to be one species. From 1996, they were divided into two species: the Bornean orangutan and the Sumatran orangutan. A third species, the Tapanuli orangutan, was identified definitively in 2017. The orangutans are the only surviving species of the subfamily Ponginae, which diverged genetically from the other hominids between 19.3 and 15.7 million years ago.

Bonobo

Bonobo

The bonobo, also historically called the pygmy chimpanzee and less often the dwarf chimpanzee or gracile chimpanzee, is an endangered great ape and one of the two species making up the genus Pan, the other being the common chimpanzee. While bonobos are now recognized as a distinct species in their own right, they were initially thought to be a subspecies of chimpanzee due to the physical similarities between the two species. Taxonomically, the members of the chimpanzee/bonobo subtribe Panina are collectively termed panins.

Gibbon

Gibbon

Gibbons are apes in the family Hylobatidae. The family historically contained one genus, but now is split into four extant genera and 20 species. Gibbons live in subtropical and tropical rainforest from eastern Bangladesh to Northeast India to southern China and Indonesia.

Actors

  • Bam Bam, an orangutan, played Precious on the soap opera Passions.[1]
  • Buddha, an orangutan, played Clyde in the Clint Eastwood action-comedy film Any Which Way You Can (1980). Buddha was allegedly beaten to death by his trainer for stealing doughnuts from craft services. The weapon was an axe handle wrapped in newspaper and had been nicknamed a "Buddha club" since it had been previously used to discipline him.[2] This claim has been disputed by the author William Munns.[3]
  • Çarli (born 1993), a chimpanzee, starred in the live-action movie The Jungle Book (1994) and in the Turkish television series Çarli before retiring to Monkey World in Dorset, UK.[4]
  • C.J., an orangutan, played in the 1981 film Tarzan the Ape Man.
  • Clara, a chimpanzee, played Livingston in the movie comedy Delicatessen (1991).[5]
  • Evie (short for Evolution), a chimpanzee, played robot dog Muffit II in the original 1978 Battlestar Galactica television series.[6]
  • J. Fred Muggs (a chimpanzee born 1952) was a "co-host" with Dave Garroway on NBC's Today Show in the 1950s.
  • Jiggs, a chimpanzee, was the first Cheeta in the Tarzan films in the 1930s.
  • Jimmy, a chimpanzee, appeared in the film Dark Venture
  • Joe Martin, an orangutan, who appeared in several silent-era American films
  • Judy, a pet chimpanzee of the family, was depicted in the 1960s CBS series Daktari. She also played Penny Robinson's alien chimpanzee-like pet, Debbie, in the simultaneously running Lost in Space.[7]
  • Kwanza (or Kwan), a gorilla, played Sidney in the romance movie Return to Me (2000) with Minnie Driver and David Duchovny. Kwan resides at Lincoln Park Zoo in Chicago.[8]
  • Louie, a juvenile chimpanzee actor, played on numerous music videos and TV commercials; he starred in the popular Carpet Monkey commercials in 2007 for Human Giant on MTV. Louie retired to Little Rock Zoo with his brother Mikey in 2008. Louie died at the zoo in August 2011 from an immunodeficiency disorder, one week short of his seventh birthday.
  • Manis, an orangutan, played Clyde in the Clint Eastwood action-comedy film Every Which Way But Loose (1978), but not in the 1980 sequel Any Which Way You Can, as the animal had outgrown his part. His successor died shortly after the film.
  • Mowgli, a chimpanzee, was a guest on CNBC's Dennis Miller Live and on Monk.[9]
  • Napoleon and Sally were two chimpanzees which starred in more than 40 shorts around 1916.[10]
  • Oscar, a young chimpanzee, was the subject of a 2012 Disney documentary, Chimpanzee.[11]
  • Pankun, a chimpanzee, was featured in Japanese TV shows Tensai! Shimura Dobutsu-en (Genius! Shimura Zoo) and the TBS program Dobutsu Kiso Tengai! (Unbelievable Animals!) with bulldog James.
  • Peggy, a chimpanzee, played Bonzo in the 1951 movie comedy Bedtime for Bonzo, costarring Ronald Reagan.[12]
  • Pierre of Vienna, Austria,[13][14] an orangutan "trained for motion picture work," reportedly nursed a grudge against a brutal trainer for a long time and when the opportunity arose circa early 1922 that they were alone together high in a tree "strangled the trainer and threw his body to the ground."
  • Anonymous, sometimes known as his pseudonym Bonzo, acted in the 1952 film Bonzo Goes to College.
  • Project X, a 1987 science fiction suspense-drama film about military animal experimentation, directed by Jonathan Kaplan, starred Matthew Broderick, Helen Hunt, and a multitude of chimpanzee actors:[15]
    • Arthur—Winston
    • Brimdom—Dandy
    • Clafu—Spike
    • Andy—Lulea
    • Harry—Ginger
    • Karanja—Goliath
    • Lucy—Razzberry
    • Luke—Bluebeard
    • Lulu—Ethel
    • Mousie—New Recruit
    • Okko—Goofy
    • Willie—Virgil (film's animal star)
  • Sam (1989-2010), an orangutan, played Dunston in the 1995 movie comedy Dunston Checks In; he was trained by Larry Madrid.[16]
  • Zippy, a chimpanzee, rollerskated on United States television in the 1950s.[17]
  • Tango, an orangutan, played Suzanne in Kevin Smith's Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back (2001).[18]
  • Jonah and his twin, Jacob, both appeared as the chimpanzee Pericles in 2001's Planet of the Apes, Trunk Monkey, and with Tango in Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back.[19]
  • Mikey, a chimpanzee, appeared in the film Manchurian Candidate (2005), and on Saturday Night Live (2005) and the World Series of Poker (2006).[20]
  • Travis, a chimpanzee, gained fame through parts he had in commercials (Old Navy and Coca-Cola) in the 2000s, but was shot by police following a brutal attack on a 55-year-old woman in Stamford, Connecticut.[21]
  • Tanga, a chimpanzee, played Inga in Dario Argento's 1985 horror film Phenomena.[22]

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Clint Eastwood

Clint Eastwood

Clinton Eastwood Jr. is an American actor and film director. After achieving success in the Western TV series Rawhide, he rose to international fame with his role as the "Man with No Name" in Sergio Leone's "Dollars Trilogy" of Spaghetti Westerns during the mid-1960s and as antihero cop Harry Callahan in the five Dirty Harry films throughout the 1970s and 1980s. These roles, among others, have made Eastwood an enduring cultural icon of masculinity. Elected in 1986, Eastwood served for two years as the mayor of Carmel-by-the-Sea, California.

Any Which Way You Can

Any Which Way You Can

Any Which Way You Can is a 1980 American action comedy film directed by Buddy Van Horn and starring Clint Eastwood, with Sondra Locke, Geoffrey Lewis, William Smith, and Ruth Gordon in supporting roles. The film is the sequel to the 1978 hit comedy Every Which Way but Loose. The cast of the previous film return as Philo Beddoe (Eastwood) reluctantly comes out of retirement from underground bare-knuckle boxing to take on a champion hired by the mafia, who will stop at nothing to ensure the fight takes place, while the neo-Nazi biker gang Philo humiliated in the previous film also come back for revenge.

Monkey World

Monkey World

The Monkey World Ape Rescue Centre is a 65-acre (26.3 ha) ape and monkey sanctuary and rescue centre near Wool, Dorset, England.

Dorset

Dorset

Dorset is a county in South West England on the English Channel coast. The ceremonial county comprises the unitary authority areas of Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole and Dorset. Covering an area of 2,653 square kilometres (1,024 sq mi), Dorset borders Devon to the west, Somerset to the north-west, Wiltshire to the north-east, and Hampshire to the east. The county town is Dorchester, in the south. After the reorganisation of local government in 1974, the county border was extended eastward to incorporate the Hampshire towns of Bournemouth and Christchurch. Around half of the population lives in the South East Dorset conurbation, while the rest of the county is largely rural with a low population density.

Delicatessen (1991 film)

Delicatessen (1991 film)

Delicatessen is a 1991 French post-apocalyptic black comedy film directed by Jean-Pierre Jeunet and Marc Caro, starring Dominique Pinon and Marie-Laure Dougnac. It was released in North America as "presented by Terry Gilliam."

Battlestar Galactica (1978 TV series)

Battlestar Galactica (1978 TV series)

Battlestar Galactica is an American science fiction television series created by Glen A. Larson and starring Lorne Greene, Richard Hatch, and Dirk Benedict. The series follows the surviving humans as they flee in the fictional spacecraft of the same name in search for a new home while they are being pursued by the Cylons.

J. Fred Muggs

J. Fred Muggs

J. Fred Muggs is a chimpanzee born in the African colony of French Cameroon that forms part of modern-day Cameroon. Brought to New York City before his first birthday, he was bought by two former NBC pages and eventually appeared on a host of television shows on that network including NBC's Today Show where he served as mascot from 1953 to 1957. Muggs worked in several television shows including a short-lived eponymous series, toured the world and worked at Busch Gardens in Tampa, Florida. He officially retired at age 23. As of 2022, Muggs was still alive. Chimpanzees have been known to live up to 70 years, though 50 is more commonly the animal's lifespan.

Dave Garroway

Dave Garroway

David Cunningham Garroway was an American television personality. He was the founding host and anchor of NBC's Today from 1952 to 1961. His easygoing and relaxing style belied a lifelong battle with depression. Garroway has been honored for his contributions to radio and television with a star for each on the Hollywood Walk of Fame and the St. Louis Walk of Fame, the city where he spent part of his teenaged years and early adulthood.

NBC

NBC

The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) is an American English-language commercial broadcast television and radio network. The flagship property of the NBC Entertainment division of NBCUniversal, a division of Comcast, its headquarters are located at Comcast Building in New York City. The company also has offices in Los Angeles at 10 Universal City Plaza and Chicago at the NBC Tower. NBC is the oldest of the traditional "Big Three" American television networks, having been formed in 1926 by the Radio Corporation of America. NBC is sometimes referred to as the "Peacock Network," in reference to its stylized peacock logo, introduced in 1956 to promote the company's innovations in early color broadcasting.

Jiggs (chimpanzee)

Jiggs (chimpanzee)

Jiggs was a male chimpanzee and animal actor who originated the character of Cheeta in the 1930s Hollywood Tarzan movies. He was owned and trained by Tony and Jacqueline Gentry.

Cheeta

Cheeta

Cheeta is a chimpanzee character that appeared in numerous Hollywood Tarzan films of the 1930s–1960s, as well as the 1966–1968 television series, as the ape sidekick of the title character, Tarzan. Cheeta has usually been characterized as male, but sometimes as female, and has been portrayed by chimpanzees of both sexes.

Jimmy the Chimp

Jimmy the Chimp

Jimmy (1952-1968) was a male chimpanzee and animal actor, trained by actor and magician John Calvert. He performed in the 1953 film Dark Venture, alongside Calvert. Jimmy was also featured in Calvert's magic shows in the United States, and on-board his luxury yacht throughout Asia and Australia. He died of a heart attack at the age of 16 at the Perth Zoo.

Artists

  • Congo (1954–1964)—chimpanzee, abstract impressionist of the late 1950s
  • Koko (1971–2018)—gorilla, widely believed to be able to communicate with humans through sign language
  • Michael (1973–2000)—silverback gorilla, impressionist painter, was taught American sign language with Koko
  • Peter, alias Pierre Brassau, a chimpanzee, was the subject of a famous hoax through which the chimpanzee's paintings were presented as the avant-garde works of unknown French (human) artist "Pierre Brassau".

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Congo (chimpanzee)

Congo (chimpanzee)

Congo (1954–1964) was an English artist and painter who was also a chimpanzee. Zoologist, author and surrealist painter Desmond Morris first observed his abilities when the chimpanzee was offered a pencil and paper at two years of age. By the age of four, Congo had made 400 drawings and paintings. His style has been described as "lyrical abstract impressionism".

Koko (gorilla)

Koko (gorilla)

Hanabiko "Koko" was a female western lowland gorilla. Koko was born in San Francisco Zoo, and lived most of her life at The Gorilla Foundation's preserve in the Santa Cruz Mountains. The name "Hanabiko" (花火子), lit. 'fireworks child', is of Japanese origin and is a reference to her date of birth, the Fourth of July. Koko gained public attention upon a report of her having adopted a kitten as a pet and naming him "All Ball", which the public perceived as her ability to rhyme.

Sign language

Sign language

Sign languages are languages that use the visual-manual modality to convey meaning, instead of spoken words. Sign languages are expressed through manual articulation in combination with non-manual markers. Sign languages are full-fledged natural languages with their own grammar and lexicon. Sign languages are not universal and are usually not mutually intelligible, although there are also similarities among different sign languages.

Michael (gorilla)

Michael (gorilla)

Michael was the first male 'talking' gorilla. He had a working vocabulary of over 600 signs in American Sign Language, taught to him by Koko, a female gorilla; Dr. Francine Patterson ; and other staff of Stanford University. Michael, an orphan, spent most of his life in Woodside, California, where he became a local celebrity and painter, creating vividly colourful abstract works.

Pierre Brassau

Pierre Brassau

Pierre Brassau was a Swedish artist and chimpanzee who was the subject of a 1964 hoax perpetrated by Åke "Dacke" Axelsson, a journalist at the Swedish tabloid Göteborgs-Tidningen. Axelsson came up with the idea of exhibiting a series of paintings made by a non-human primate, under the pretense that they were the work of a previously unknown French artist named "Pierre Brassau", in order to test whether critics could tell the difference between true avant-garde modern art and the work of a chimpanzee.

Avant-garde

Avant-garde

In the arts and in literature, the term avant-garde identifies a genre of art, an experimental work of art, and the experimental artist who created the work of art, which usually is aesthetically innovative, whilst initially being ideologically unacceptable to the artistic establishment of the time. The military metaphor of an advance guard identifies the artists and writers whose innovations in style, form, and subject-matter challenge the artistic and aesthetic validity of the established forms of art and the literary traditions of their time; thus how the artists who created the anti-novel and Surrealism were ahead of their times.

Science and exploration

Enos, the only chimpanzee and third primate to orbit the Earth, flew on NASA's Mercury-Atlas 5 Project Mercury space mission on November 29, 1961
Enos, the only chimpanzee and third primate to orbit the Earth, flew on NASA's Mercury-Atlas 5 Project Mercury space mission on November 29, 1961
  • Abang (born 1966)—orangutan, taught to use and make a stone tool (cutting flake)
  • Ai (born 1976)—chimpanzee, studied by scientists at Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University
  • Ayumu (born 2000)—chimpanzee, studied by scientists at Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University
  • Bonnie—orangutan, began whistling (mimicking an animal caretaker), which is changing ideas about primate sound repertoires
  • Chantek (1977–2017)—orangutan, involved with language research and ApeNet language-using great ape ambassador
  • Clint—chimpanzee, source of DNA for Chimpanzee Genome Project, Yerkes Primate Center[23]
  • Cooper—chimpanzee, studied by Renato Bender and Nicole Bender for swimming and diving behavior in apes [24]
  • Digit—mountain gorilla (died 1977) - Gorilla researcher Dian Fossey's favorite mountain gorilla, for whom a charity fund is named to help protect mountain gorillas
  • Enos (died 1962)—chimpanzee, 1961 NASA Project Mercury orbiter, second chimpanzee in space and the third primate (and only non-human primate) to orbit the Earth
  • Flo (died 1972)—chimpanzee, key member of the Kasakela Chimpanzee Community studied by Jane Goodall; received an obituary in the Sunday Times
  • Frodo (1976–2013)—chimpanzee, baby-eating "bully", attacked Jane Goodall and Gary Larson
  • Gua—chimpanzee; raised as a child by the Drs. Kellogg alongside their son Donald
  • Ham (1956–1983)—chimpanzee; the first great ape to travel to space, Ham's 1961 NASA Project Mercury suborbital flight occurred 11 months before Enos' orbital mission.
  • Jenny—orangutan, encountered and described by Charles Darwin in March 1838 at London Zoo.[25]
  • Kanzi (born 1980)—bonobo, involved with language research and tool invention, ApeNet language-using great ape ambassador
  • Koko (1971–2018)—gorilla, involved with sign language research and ApeNet language-using great ape ambassador
  • Lana—chimpanzee, reared at Yerkes National Primate Research Center as part of its language analogue project
  • Loulis—chimpanzee, involved in ape hand-signing research
  • Lucy—chimpanzee, cross-fostered and raised by University of Oklahoma psychotherapist
  • Moja—chimpanzee, involved in ape hand-signing research
  • Nim Chimpsky (1973–2000)—chimpanzee, named after linguist Noam Chomsky
  • Nyota (born 1998)—bonobo, Panbanisha's son
  • Oliver (1957-2012)—chimpanzee, the so-called "Missing Link", apparent "humanzee"
  • Panbanisha—bonobo at the same research center as Kanzi
  • Panpanzee (1985-2014)—chimpanzee at the same research center as Kanzi
  • Sarah (1959-2019)—research chimpanzee whose cognitive skills are documented in The Mind of an Ape
  • Sultan—chimpanzee, used in classic Kohler tool-use studies
  • Suryia—orangutan, studied by Renato Bender and Nicole Bender for swimming and diving behavior in apes [24]
  • Titus (1974–2009)—gorilla, an extensively observed silverback mountain gorilla
  • Viki—chimpanzee, one of the first apes used in ape language experiments
  • Washoe (1965–2007)—chimpanzee, pioneer ape of hand-signing research

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Enos (chimpanzee)

Enos (chimpanzee)

Enos was the second chimpanzee launched into space by NASA. He was the first and only chimpanzee, and third hominid after cosmonauts Yuri Gagarin and Gherman Titov, to orbit the Earth. Enos's flight occurred on November 29, 1961.

Mercury-Atlas 5

Mercury-Atlas 5

Mercury-Atlas 5 was an American spaceflight of the Mercury program. It was launched on November 29, 1961, with Enos, a chimpanzee, aboard. The craft orbited the Earth twice and splashed down about 200 miles (320 km) south of Bermuda, and Enos became the first primate from the United States and the third great ape to orbit the Earth.

Abang (orangutan)

Abang (orangutan)

Abang was an orangutan taught to make stone tools, as a part of a research experiment to determine if this ability is a characteristic unique to humans, the genus Homo, or to the family Hominidae.

Ai (chimpanzee)

Ai (chimpanzee)

Ai is a female western chimpanzee, currently living at the Primate Research Institute of Kyoto University. She is the first subject of the Ai project, a research program started in 1978 by Kiyoko Murofushi and Tetsuro Matsuzawa which is aimed at understanding chimpanzee cognition through computer interface experiments.

Kyoto University

Kyoto University

Kyoto University , or KyotoU , is a public research university located in Kyoto, Japan. Founded in 1897, it is one of the former Imperial Universities and the second oldest university in Japan. KyotoU is consistently ranked amongst the top two in Japan, the top ten in Asia, and the world's top fifty institutions of higher education.

Ayumu (chimpanzee)

Ayumu (chimpanzee)

Ayumu is a chimpanzee currently living at the Primate Research Institute of Kyoto University. He is the son of chimpanzee Ai and has been a participant since infancy in the Ai Project, an ongoing research effort aimed at understanding chimpanzee cognition. As part of the Ai Project, Ayumu participated in a series of short-term memory tasks, such as to remember the sequential order of numbers displaying on a touch-sensitive computer screen. His performance in the tasks was superior to that of comparably trained university students, leading to a possible conclusion that young chimpanzees have better working memory than adult humans, although this has been disputed.

Bonnie (orangutan)

Bonnie (orangutan)

Bonnie is a hybrid female Sumatran/Bornean orangutan living at the National Zoo in Washington, D.C., since 1980.

Chantek

Chantek

Chantek, born at the Yerkes National Primate Research Center in Atlanta, Georgia, was a male hybrid Sumatran/Bornean orangutan who mastered the use of a number of intellectual skills, including American Sign Language (ASL), taught by American anthropologists Lyn Miles and Ann Southcombe. In Malay and Indonesian, cantik means "lovely" or "beautiful".

Mountain gorilla

Mountain gorilla

The mountain gorilla is one of the two subspecies of the eastern gorilla. It is listed as endangered by the IUCN as of 2018.

Dian Fossey

Dian Fossey

Dian Fossey was an American primatologist and conservationist known for undertaking an extensive study of mountain gorilla groups from 1966 until her murder in 1985. She studied them daily in the mountain forests of Rwanda, initially encouraged to work there by paleoanthropologist Louis Leakey. Gorillas in the Mist, a book published two years before her death, is Fossey's account of her scientific study of the gorillas at Karisoke Research Center and prior career. It was adapted into a 1988 film of the same name.

NASA

NASA

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research.

Monkeys and apes in space

Monkeys and apes in space

Before humans went into space in the 1960s, several other animals were launched into space, including numerous other primates, so that scientists could investigate the biological effects of spaceflight. The United States launched flights containing primate passengers primarily between 1948 and 1961 with one flight in 1969 and one in 1985. France launched two monkey-carrying flights in 1967. The Soviet Union and Russia launched monkeys between 1983 and 1996. Most primates were anesthetized before lift-off.

Zoo notables

Colo was both the first gorilla born in captivity and the oldest gorilla in captivity, and lived her entire life at the Columbus Zoo
Colo was both the first gorilla born in captivity and the oldest gorilla in captivity, and lived her entire life at the Columbus Zoo
  • Alfred the Gorilla (1928-1948) lived in Bristol Zoo.
  • Ah Meng (1960–2008) was a female Sumatran orangutan and a tourism icon of Singapore.
  • Azalea, a chimpanzee living at the Korea Central Zoo known for her ability to smoke cigarettes
  • Bill (1946–2007), a long-lived chimpanzee, resided at Sequoia Park Zoo in Eureka, California for 50 years.[26]
  • Binti Jua, a gorilla living in Brookfield Zoo, saved a boy in 1996.
  • Bobo (1951–1968), a western lowland gorilla, lived in the Lowman family home in Anacortes, Washington from his infancy until 1953, and then Woodland Park Zoo in Seattle until his death.
  • Bokito (born 1996), a silverback gorilla, escaped from the Blijdorp Zoo on 18 May 2007 and injured a woman.
  • Bushman, a famous gorilla from Chicago's Lincoln Park Zoo, died in 1951. While alive, he brought over 100 million visitors to the zoo; his taxidermic remains can now be seen at Chicago's Field Museum of Natural History.[27]
  • Charles (born 1972), a wild-born silverback western lowland gorilla, resides at the Toronto Zoo and since 1974 has been renowned for his artwork.
  • Charlie (1958–2010), a chimpanzee in a South African Zoo, was taught to smoke and was able to walk upright.[28]
  • Colo (1956–2017) was both the first gorilla born in captivity and, living to be 60, the oldest gorilla in captivity. She was born in the Columbus Zoo and lived there her entire life.
  • Fifi, the matriarch of the chimpanzees at Sydney's Taronga Zoo, died on July 19, 2007 at age 60.[29]
  • Gust (1952–1988) was a Congolese gorilla that became an icon of the Antwerp Zoo
  • Guy the Gorilla (1946–1978) was a famous gorilla in London Zoo.
  • Harambe (1999–2016) was a gorilla shot dead by the Cincinnati Zoo after a child fell into his enclosure.[30] This would eventually lead to the deceased ape becoming a popular Internet meme.
  • Ivan (1962—2012) was a western lowland gorilla who lived in a shopping mall in Tacoma, Washington who was also the inspiration for the 2012 book The One and Only Ivan, which was then drafted into a 2020 film of the same name.
  • Jabari, a 300-lb. (136 kg) gorilla at the Dallas Zoo, received national attention when, on Mar. 18, 2004, he escaped and attacked four people, including a toddler during a 40-minute rampage inside the jungle exhibit before being shot to death by police. He was the son of Charles the Gorilla.[31]
  • Jambo (1961–1992), a gorilla, cared for a boy who fell into his enclosure.
  • Jenny (1953–2008), a western lowland gorilla, lived at the Dallas Zoo from 1957 until her death, and was the oldest gorilla in captivity at the time of her death.
  • Jo Mendi II (1939-1980), a chimpanzee at the Detroit Zoo who became known as "the greatest performing chimp of all time."[32]
  • Julius (born 1979), a chimpanzee at Kristiansand Zoo and Amusement Park known for living his childhood with a human family.
  • Jumoke (1989–2008)—western lowland gorilla and the granddaughter of Colo
  • Karen (born 1992), a Sumatran orangutan, who was the first zoo animal to have open heart surgery at San Diego Zoo in 1994.[33]
  • Ken Allen (1971–2000)—Bornean orangutan at the San Diego Zoo known for his escape artistry
  • Little Mama (1938-2017) — chimpanzee, and believed to be the oldest chimpanzee on record
  • Louis, a male western lowland gorilla known for walking upright in order to avoid muddying his hands. Currently resides at Zoo de Granby in Granby, Quebec.
  • Louie (chimpanzee) (2004–2011) — Louie was retired to the LRZ by his owners after a career in the entertainment industry. He was retired to LRZ with his older brother, Mikey.
  • Massa (1930–1984) — silverback, one of the longest-lived gorilla ever recorded, and second-longest-lived male in captivity, died at age 54
  • Max (1971–2004) — gorilla in the Johannesburg Zoo, famously apprehended a criminal in 1997, getting shot twice in the process
  • Ndume, a male western lowland gorilla known for learning a limited amount of a modified version of American Sign Language (ASL) and for being at the center of a lawsuit. Currently resides at Cincinnati Zoo in Cincinnati, Ohio.
  • Pattycake (1972–2013), first baby gorilla born in New York, mother of 10, later died in captivity at Bronx Zoo
  • Phil, was a lowland gorilla in the St. Louis Zoo. He arrived as a toddler on September 10, 1941, and died as a 525 lb. (238 kg) silverback on December 1, 1958.[34]
  • Ozzie (1961–2022) — western lowland gorilla the Zoo Atlanta.
  • Sami (1979-1992) — chimpanzee at the Belgrade Zoo, known for escaping his enclosure twice in February of 1988
  • Samson (1949–1981)—for many years the face of the Milwaukee County Zoo, one of the largest silverback gorillas on record, weighing 652 lbs. (296 kg) in 1973[35]
  • Santino, a male chimpanzee at Furuvik zoo in Sweden, was notable for having the cognitive skills for forward planning (calmly collecting stones, and later throwing them at visitors).
  • Sebastian—former resident of the animal orphanage near Nairobi National Park, Kenya, famous for smoking and not requiring a cage.[36]
  • Shabani, a male western lowland gorilla known for his "photogenic" and "metrosexual" appearance, as well as his talent for tightrope walking. Currently resides at the Higashiyama Zoo in Nagoya, Japan.
  • Snowflake (1964–2003), the only known albino lowland gorilla.
  • Susie (1931 -1947) Cincinnati Zoo. One of the most popular animals at the zoo until her death on October 29, 1947.
  • Temara (born 1993), the first zoo-reared female Sumatran orangutan, was released into Bukit Tigapuluh National Park by Perth Zoo in 2006.[37]
  • Timmy (gorilla) (1959-2011), died at 52 as the oldest male gorilla in North America
  • Willie B. (1959–2000), a silverback gorilla kept in isolation for 27 years, became head of a troop and father of five.
  • Yeroen, a chimpanzee at the Arnhem Zoo, was the star of de Waal's Chimpanzee Politics.[38]

Discover more about Zoo notables related topics

Colo (gorilla)

Colo (gorilla)

Colo was a western gorilla widely known as the first gorilla to be born in captivity anywhere in the world and the oldest known gorilla in the world in 2017. Colo was born at the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium to Millie Christina (mother) and Baron Macombo (father), and lived there for her entire life. She was briefly called "Cuddles" before a contest was held to officially name her. Colo's name was derived from the place of her birth, Columbus, Ohio.

Alfred the Gorilla

Alfred the Gorilla

Alfred the Gorilla arrived at Bristol Zoo, England, in 1930 and became a popular attraction and animal celebrity. His fame grew to international proportions during World War II and after his death he remained an important mascot for the city of Bristol.

Bristol Zoo

Bristol Zoo

Bristol Zoo was a zoo in the city of Bristol in South West England. The zoo's stated mission was to "maintain and defend” biodiversity through breeding endangered species, conserving threatened species and habitats and promoting a wider understanding of the natural world".

Ah Meng

Ah Meng

Ah Meng was a female Sumatran orangutan and a tourism icon of Singapore. Ah Meng was originally from Indonesia and was kept illegally in Singapore as a domestic pet before being recovered by a veterinarian in 1971. She was then eleven years old and was given a home at the Singapore Zoo.

Azalea (chimpanzee)

Azalea (chimpanzee)

Azalea is a chimpanzee housed at the Korea Central Zoo in Pyongyang, North Korea. She is best known for her ability to smoke cigarettes, a behavior that has garnered criticism from multiple animal rights organizations.

Eureka, California

Eureka, California

Eureka is the principal city and county seat of Humboldt County in the Redwood Empire region of California. The city is located on U.S. Route 101 on the shores of Humboldt Bay, 270 miles (435 km) north of San Francisco and 100 miles (161 km) south of the Oregon border. At the 2010 census, the population of the city was 27,191, and the population of Greater Eureka was 45,034.

Binti Jua

Binti Jua

Binti Jua is a female western lowland gorilla in the Brookfield Zoo, in Brookfield, Illinois, outside of Chicago, US. She received media attention after a situation in 1996 in which she tended to a three-year-old boy who had been injured by falling into her enclosure.

Brookfield Zoo

Brookfield Zoo

Brookfield Zoo, also known as the Chicago Zoological Park, is a zoo located in the Chicago suburb of Brookfield, Illinois. It houses around 450 species of animals in an area of 216 acres (87 ha). It opened on July 1, 1934, and quickly gained international recognition for using moats and ditches instead of cages to separate animals from visitors and from other animals. The zoo was also the first in America to exhibit giant pandas, one of which has been taxidermied and put on display in Chicago's Field Museum of Natural History. In 1960, Brookfield Zoo built the nation's first fully indoor dolphin exhibit, and in the 1980s, the zoo introduced Tropic World, the first fully indoor rainforest simulation and the then-largest indoor zoo exhibit in the world.

Bobo (gorilla)

Bobo (gorilla)

Bobo (1951–1968) was a western lowland gorilla who was a prominent feature of Woodland Park Zoo in Seattle, Washington, USA, from 1953 until his early death at 17. As a publicly accessible gorilla in the wake of King Kong, Bobo was one of Seattle's most prominent attractions before the construction of the Space Needle and the introduction of professional sports to the city. After his death, Bobo's skin was stuffed and placed on display at Seattle's Museum of History and Industry. The remainder of his body was turned over to the University of Washington's Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture for research purposes; however, the skull went missing shortly after his autopsy and wasn't reunited with the rest of the skeleton until 2007.

Anacortes, Washington

Anacortes, Washington

Anacortes is a city in Skagit County, Washington, United States. The name "Anacortes" is an adaptation of the name of Anne Curtis Bowman, who was the wife of early Fidalgo Island settler Amos Bowman. Anacortes' population was 17,637 at the time of the 2020 census. It is one of two principal cities of and included in the Mount Vernon-Anacortes Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Bokito (gorilla)

Bokito (gorilla)

Bokito is a male western gorilla born in captivity, currently living in Diergaarde Blijdorp zoo in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. He became the subject of considerable media coverage after breaking out of his enclosure on 18 May 2007, abducting a female visitor and severely injuring her.

Diergaarde Blijdorp

Diergaarde Blijdorp

Diergaarde Blijdorp, officially Rotterdam Zoo, is a zoo located in the northwestern part of Rotterdam. It is one of the oldest zoos in the Netherlands, and has been operated by the Stichting Koninklijke Rotterdamse Diergaarde. Divided into several zoogeographic regions, the 26-hectare (64.25-acre) Blijdorp Zoo boasts well over 180 species. It also has a shop, multiple cafes, and an information centre.

Circus use

Discover more about Circus use related topics

Gargantua (gorilla)

Gargantua (gorilla)

Gargantua was a captive western lowland gorilla famed for being exhibited by the Ringling Brothers circus. He has been credited with saving the business from bankruptcy. An acid scar on his face gave Gargantua a snarling, menacing expression, which the circus management exploited by generating publicity falsely exaggerating his purported hatred of humans. He was also claimed to be the largest gorilla in captivity.

Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus

Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus

The Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus is an American traveling circus company billed as The Greatest Show on Earth. It and its predecessor shows ran from 1871 to 2017. Known as Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey, the circus started in 1919 when the Barnum & Bailey's Greatest Show on Earth, a circus created by P. T. Barnum and James Anthony Bailey, was merged with the Ringling Bros. World's Greatest Shows. The Ringling brothers had purchased Barnum & Bailey Ltd. following Bailey's death in 1906, but ran the circuses separately until they were merged in 1919.

Toto (gorilla)

Toto (gorilla)

Toto (1931–1968) was a gorilla that was adopted and raised very much like a human child.

John Daniel (gorilla)

John Daniel (gorilla)

John Daniel (1917–1922) was a lowland gorilla who was raised among humans in Uley, England.

John Daniel II (gorilla)

John Daniel II (gorilla)

John Daniel II, originally called Sultan, was a Western gorilla who was captured in August 1923 in the French Congo when he was about three years old. The gorilla then passed into the possession of an Englishwoman named Alyce Cunningham, who raised him as a successor to John Daniel I. He toured with Ringling Circus in America and was exhibited at the London Zoo before his death in 1926.

As politicians

Discover more about As politicians related topics

Macaco Tião

Macaco Tião

Macaco Tião was a chimpanzee of the Rio de Janeiro Zoological Garden who was very popular with children and visitors.

Rio de Janeiro

Rio de Janeiro

Rio de Janeiro, or simply Rio, is the capital of the state of the same name, Brazil's third most populous state, and the second most populous city in Brazil, after São Paulo. Listed by the GaWC as a beta global city, Rio de Janeiro is the sixth most populous city in the Americas. Part of the city has been designated as a World Heritage Site, named "Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes between the Mountain and the Sea", on 1 July 2012 as a Cultural Landscape.

List of mayors of Rio de Janeiro

List of mayors of Rio de Janeiro

This is a list of mayors of Rio de Janeiro.

Marcello Alencar

Marcello Alencar

Marcello Nunes de Alencar was a Brazilian politician and lawyer. Alencar served as the Governor of the state of Rio de Janeiro from 1995 until 1999, as well as two tenures as Mayor of Rio de Janeiro from 1983 to 1986 and 1989 to 1993.

Cesar Maia

Cesar Maia

Cesar Epitácio Maia is a Brazilian politician, notable for having been elected three times for mayor of Rio de Janeiro.

Non-human electoral candidates

Non-human electoral candidates

Non-human electoral candidates have been found in a number of countries. Often, the candidacies are a means of casting a protest vote or satirizing the political system. At other times it is simply done for entertainment value.

Benson's Wild Animal Farm

Benson's Wild Animal Farm

Benson's Wild Animal Farm was a private zoo and amusement park in Hudson, New Hampshire, United States. It opened to the public in 1926 and closed in 1987, after having been renamed New England Playworld for its final year. The state of New Hampshire acquired the property in 1989 and transferred it to the town of Hudson in 2009. It has been redeveloped as a public park and nature area.

Hudson, New Hampshire

Hudson, New Hampshire

Hudson is a town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, United States. It is located along the Massachusetts state line. The population was 25,394 at the 2020 census. It is the tenth-largest municipality in the state, by population.

Pets

Discover more about Pets related topics

Bubbles (chimpanzee)

Bubbles (chimpanzee)

Bubbles is a chimpanzee once kept as a pet by the American singer Michael Jackson, who bought him from a Texas research facility in the 1980s. Bubbles frequently traveled with Jackson, drawing attention in the media. In 1987, during the Bad world tour, Bubbles and Jackson drank tea with the mayor of Osaka, Japan.

Michael Jackson

Michael Jackson

Michael Joseph Jackson was an American singer, songwriter, dancer, and philanthropist. Dubbed the "King of Pop", he is regarded as one of the most significant cultural figures of the 20th century. Over a four-decade career, his contributions to music, dance, and fashion, along with his publicized personal life, made him a global figure in popular culture. Jackson influenced artists across many music genres; through stage and video performances, he popularized complicated dance moves such as the moonwalk, to which he gave the name, as well as the robot.

St. James Davis chimpanzee attack

St. James Davis chimpanzee attack

NASCAR driver St. James Davis and his wife LaDonna Davis had a pet chimpanzee named Moe, whom they treated as if he were a human child. After Moe bit several people, the city of West Covina, California seized the primate and placed him in an animal sanctuary near Bakersfield, California. The Davises waged a long, unsuccessful legal battle to recover Moe.

Elvis Presley

Elvis Presley

Elvis Aaron Presley, often referred to mononymously as Elvis, was an American singer, actor and sergeant in the United States Army. Dubbed the "King of Rock and Roll", he is regarded as one of the most significant cultural figures of the 20th century. His energized interpretations of songs and sexually provocative performance style, combined with a singularly potent mix of influences across color lines during a transformative era in race relations, led him to both great success and initial controversy.

Source: "List of individual apes", Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, (2023, February 26th), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_individual_apes.

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Further Reading

Chimpanzee

Gorilla

Primate

Pan (genus)

Great ape personhood

Cheeta

Ape

Twycross Zoo

Great Ape Project

Monkey World

Leipzig Zoological Garden

Animal testing on non-human primates

Demonic Males

Hominidae

Congo (TV series)

Center for Great Apes
See also
References
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