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List of Scottish breeds

From Wikipedia, in a visual modern way

This is a list of domestic animal breeds originating in Scotland. To be considered domesticated, a population of animals must have their behaviour, life cycle, or physiology systemically altered as a result of being under human control for many generations.[1]

Scotland has produced some of the longest-established domestic animal breeds. There are thirty-seven extant animal breeds from Scotland, and three that are extinct. The Soay Sheep has prehistoric origins, and the Galloway breed of beef cattle dates back several hundred years. New breeds have also been developed more recently in Scotland, such as the Scottish Fold cat, which dates from 1961.[2]

The North Ronaldsay Sheep is a most unusual breed, subsisting largely on a diet of seaweed.[3] The Boreray was in 2012 the only sheep breed listed by the Rare Breeds Survival Trust as 'critical', its highest level of concern at that time;[4] in 2022 it was listed as 'at risk', the lower of the two levels of concern of the Trust.[5] Some breeds, such as the Shetland Pony and the Border Collie are well known throughout much of the Western world, whilst others such as the Scots Dumpy chicken are little-known, even at home. Fifteen breeds of dog have Scottish origins, including six terrier breeds.[6] Indeed, the relative isolation of many Scottish islands has led to a preponderance of breeds from these places being represented. Various breeds are now extinct, including the Grice, an archaic and somewhat aggressive pig.[7]

Discover more about List of Scottish breeds related topics

Ethology

Ethology

Ethology is the scientific study of non-human animal behavior, usually with a focus on behaviour under natural conditions, and viewing behaviour as an evolutionarily adaptive trait. Behaviourism as a term also describes the scientific and objective study of animal behavior, usually referring to measured responses to stimuli or to trained behavioral responses in a laboratory context, without a particular emphasis on evolutionary adaptivity. Throughout history, different naturalists have studied aspects of animal behaviour. Ethology has its scientific roots in the work of Charles Darwin and of American and German ornithologists of the late 19th and early 20th century, including Charles O. Whitman, Oskar Heinroth, and Wallace Craig. The modern discipline of ethology is generally considered to have begun during the 1930s with the work of Dutch biologist Nikolaas Tinbergen and Austrian biologists Konrad Lorenz and Karl von Frisch, the three recipients of the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Ethology combines laboratory and field science, with a strong relation to some other disciplines such as neuroanatomy, ecology, and evolutionary biology. Ethologists typically show interest in a behavioral process rather than in a particular animal group, and often study one type of behavior, such as aggression, in a number of unrelated species.

Biological life cycle

Biological life cycle

In biology, a biological life cycle is a series of changes in form that an organism undergoes, returning to the starting state. "The concept is closely related to those of the life history, development and ontogeny, but differs from them in stressing renewal." Transitions of form may involve growth, asexual reproduction, or sexual reproduction.

Physiology

Physiology

Physiology is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system. As a sub-discipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules carry out the chemical and physical functions in a living system. According to the classes of organisms, the field can be divided into medical physiology, animal physiology, plant physiology, cell physiology, and comparative physiology.

Prehistory

Prehistory

Prehistory, also known as pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the first known use of stone tools by hominins c. 3.3 million years ago and the beginning of recorded history with the invention of writing systems. The use of symbols, marks, and images appears very early among humans, but the earliest known writing systems appeared c. 5000 years ago. It took thousands of years for writing systems to be widely adopted, with writing spreading to almost all cultures by the 19th century. The end of prehistory therefore came at very different times in different places, and the term is less often used in discussing societies where prehistory ended relatively recently.

Galloway cattle

Galloway cattle

The Galloway is a Scottish breed of beef cattle, named after the Galloway region of Scotland, where it originated during the seventeenth century.

Beef cattle

Beef cattle

Beef cattle are cattle raised for meat production. The meat of mature or almost mature cattle is mostly known as beef. In beef production there are three main stages: cow-calf operations, backgrounding, and feedlot operations. The production cycle of the animals starts at cow-calf operations; this operation is designed specifically to breed cows for their offspring. From here the calves are backgrounded for a feedlot. Animals grown specifically for the feedlot are known as feeder cattle, the goal of these animals is fattening. Animals not grown for a feedlot are typically female and are commonly known as replacement heifers. While the principal use of beef cattle is meat production, other uses include leather, and beef by-products used in candy, shampoo, cosmetics, and insulin.

Scottish Fold

Scottish Fold

The Scottish Fold is a breed of domestic cat with a natural dominant gene mutation that affects cartilage throughout the body, causing the ears to "fold", bending forward and down towards the front of the head, which gives the cat what is often described as an "owl-like" appearance.

North Ronaldsay sheep

North Ronaldsay sheep

The North Ronaldsay or Orkney is a breed of sheep from North Ronaldsay, the northernmost island of Orkney, off the north coast of Scotland. It belongs to the Northern European short-tailed sheep group of breeds, and has evolved without much cross-breeding with modern breeds. It is a smaller sheep than most, with the rams (males) horned and ewes (females) mostly hornless. It was formerly kept primarily for wool, but now the two largest flocks are feral, one on North Ronaldsay and another on the Orkney island of Auskerry. The Rare Breeds Survival Trust lists the breed as a priority on its 2021–2022 watchlist, and they are in danger of extinction, with fewer than 600 registered breeding females in the United Kingdom.

Rare Breeds Survival Trust

Rare Breeds Survival Trust

The Rare Breeds Survival Trust is a conservation charity whose purpose is to secure the continued existence and viability of the native farm animal genetic resources (FAnGR) of the United Kingdom. It was founded in 1973 by Joe Henson to preserve native breeds; since then, no UK-native breed has become extinct.

Border Collie

Border Collie

The Border Collie is a breed of herding dog of medium size. Widely considered to be the most intelligent dog breed, they are descended from landrace sheepdogs once found all over the British Isles, but became standardised in the Anglo-Scottish border region. They are now mostly used as working dogs to herd livestock, specifically sheep.

Scots Dumpy

Scots Dumpy

The Scots Dumpy is a traditional Scottish breed of chicken. It is characterised by very short legs, so short that the body is a few centimetres from the ground; as in other breeds of creeper chicken, this chondrodystrophy is caused by a recessive lethal allele. The Dumpy has at times been known by other names, among them Bakie, Corlaigh, Crawler, Creeper and Stumpy. There are both standard-sized and bantam Scots Dumpies. It is one of two Scottish breeds of chicken, the other being the Scots Grey.

Grice

Grice

The grice was a breed of swine found in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland and in Ireland. It became extinct, surviving longest in the Shetland Isles, where it disappeared sometime between the middle of the 19th century and the 1930s. It was also known as the Highland, Hebridean or Irish pig.

Breeds

Cats

Breed Image Place and date of origin Status
Scottish Fold Adult Scottish Fold.jpg Coupar Angus, 1961 rare[2]

Cattle

Breed Image Place and date of origin Status
Aberdeen Angus Angus cattle 18.jpg Aberdeenshire, Angus, 18th century not at risk[8]
Ayrshire AyrshireCattle1.JPG Ayrshire, before 1800 not at risk[9][10]
Belted Galloway Belted Galloway at Gretna Green.jpg Galloway, 17–18th century rare[11]
Galloway Galloway.jpg Galloway, 700–1100 not at risk[12]
Highland Highland Cattle 10.JPG West Highlands, before 1800 not at risk[13]
Luing Luing Cattle.jpg Luing, after 1947 not at risk[14]
Shetland Muscliff, Shetland Cattle - geograph.org.uk - 734933.jpg Shetland, 700–1100 at risk[15]

Chickens

Breed Image Place and date of origin Status
Scots Dumpy Highlands, 11th century priority;[16] rare[17]

Scots Grey

Scots Grey rooster.jpg Lanarkshire, 16th century priority;[16] rare[18]

Dogs

Breed Image Place and date of origin Status
Bearded Collie Bearded Collie.jpg Highlands, 16th century not at risk[19]

Border Collie

Border Collie b-w.jpg Scottish Borders, late 19th century not at risk[20]
Border Terrier Border Terrier.jpg Scottish Borders, 1700s not at risk[21]
Cairn Terrier Cairn Terrier - 003.jpg Scottish highlands, 16th–19th century not at risk[22]
Dandie Dinmont Dandie Dinmont Terrier 600.jpg Skye and Scottish Borders, mid-18th century or earlier vulnerable native breed[22][23]
Golden Retriever Golden Retriever Yardie.jpg Glen Affric, 1865 not at risk[24]
Gordon Setter Gordon Setter.JPG Moray, 1700s vulnerable native breed[25]
Rough Collie British Rough Collie.jpg Scottish Highlands, 19th century not at risk[26]
Smooth Collie SmoothCollieTri2 wb.jpg Scotland, 19th century vulnerable native breed
Scottish Terrier Scottish Terrier Sire.jpg Aberdeen, 15th–16th century at risk[22][27]
Scottish Deerhound Deerhound. F's K.jpg Probably the Highlands, possibly in the Middle Ages vulnerable native breed
Shetland Sheepdog
or Sheltie 		Shetland Sheepdog sable.jpg 1900s not at risk[28]
Skye Terrier Skye terrier stailij William Willi.jpg Skye, before 1588 vulnerable native breed[22][29][30]
West Highland White Terrier
or Westie 		Westie Chloe.jpg Skye & Argyll, 16th century not at risk[22]

Geese

Breed Image Place and date of origin Status
Shetland Shetland, unknown UK and US - priority;[16] critical[31]

Horses

Breed Image Place and date of origin Status
Clydesdale Clydesdale in harness.jpg Clydesdale, 1750s at risk[32]
Eriskay Pony Eriskay pony beinn sciathan.jpg Hebrides critical[33][34]
Highland Pony Highland Pony.jpg Highlands and Islands, 16th century at risk[35][36][37]
Shetland Pony Shetland Pony1.jpg Shetland, B.C. not at risk[38][39]

Sheep

Breed Image Place and date of origin Status

Boreray

Boreray Ram.jpg St Kilda, Scotland, 1930s critical[40]

Castlemilk Moorit

Borris the ram.jpg Dumfriesshire, from more ancient Scottish and other breeds including Soay and Shetland, 1900s critical[41][42]

Cheviot

Shearling Cheviot ram.jpg Scottish Borders, 14th century or earlier not at risk[43]

Hebridean

Flock of Hebridean Sheep.jpg Cumbria, probably from sheep from the Hebrides, 19th century rare[44]

North Country Cheviot

North Country Cheviots - geograph.org.uk - 395334.jpg Cheviot Hills, Caithness, Sutherland, 18th century UK and North America[45]

North Ronaldsay

North ron sheep.jpg North Ronaldsay, Iron Age rare[3][46]

Scottish Blackface

Saerbeck - Wildfreigehege Nöttler Berg - Scottish Blackface 09 ies.jpg Scottish Borders, about 1500 not at risk[47]

Shetland

Shetland sheep moorit.jpg Shetland, Iron Age UK and North America[48]

Soay

Soay sheep at Cranborne Ancient Technology Centre.jpg Soay, St Kilda, Neolithic or Bronze Age rare[49][4]

Discover more about Breeds related topics

Scottish Fold

Scottish Fold

The Scottish Fold is a breed of domestic cat with a natural dominant gene mutation that affects cartilage throughout the body, causing the ears to "fold", bending forward and down towards the front of the head, which gives the cat what is often described as an "owl-like" appearance.

Coupar Angus

Coupar Angus

Coupar Angus is a town in Perth and Kinross, Scotland, 4 miles south of Blairgowrie.

Aberdeen Angus

Aberdeen Angus

The Aberdeen Angus, sometimes simply Angus, is a Scottish breed of small beef cattle. It derives from cattle native to the counties of Aberdeen, Banff, Kincardine and Angus in north-eastern Scotland. In 2018 the breed accounted for over 17% of the UK beef industry.

Aberdeenshire

Aberdeenshire

Aberdeenshire is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland.

Angus, Scotland

Angus, Scotland

Angus is one of the 32 local government council areas of Scotland, a registration county and a lieutenancy area. The council area borders Aberdeenshire, Dundee City and Perth and Kinross. Main industries include agriculture and fishing. Global pharmaceuticals company GSK has a significant presence in Montrose in the north of the county.

Ayrshire

Ayrshire

Ayrshire is a historic county and registration county in south-west Scotland, located on the shores of the Firth of Clyde. Its principal towns include Ayr, Kilmarnock and Irvine and it borders the counties of Renfrewshire and Lanarkshire to the north-east, Dumfriesshire to the south-east, and Kirkcudbrightshire and Wigtownshire to the south. Like many other counties of Scotland it currently has no administrative function, instead being sub-divided into the council areas of East Ayrshire, North Ayrshire and South Ayrshire. It has a population of approximately 366,800.

Belted Galloway

Belted Galloway

The Belted Galloway is a traditional Scottish breed of beef cattle. It derives from the Galloway cattle of the Galloway region of south-western Scotland, and was established as a separate breed in 1921. It is adapted to living on the poor upland pastures and windswept moorlands of the region. The exact origin of the breed is unclear, although the white belt for which they are named, and which distinguishes the breed from black Galloway cattle, is often surmised to be the result of cross-breeding with the similarly-coloured Dutch Lakenvelder breed.

Galloway

Galloway

Galloway is a region in southwestern Scotland comprising the historic counties of Wigtownshire and Kirkcudbrightshire. It is administered as part of the council area of Dumfries and Galloway.

Luing

Luing

Luing is one of the Slate Islands, Firth of Lorn, in the west of Argyll in Scotland, about 16 miles (26 km) south of Oban. The island has an area of 1,430 hectares and is bounded by several small skerries and islets. It has a population of around 200 people, mostly living in Cullipool, Toberonochy, and Blackmillbay.

Scots Dumpy

Scots Dumpy

The Scots Dumpy is a traditional Scottish breed of chicken. It is characterised by very short legs, so short that the body is a few centimetres from the ground; as in other breeds of creeper chicken, this chondrodystrophy is caused by a recessive lethal allele. The Dumpy has at times been known by other names, among them Bakie, Corlaigh, Crawler, Creeper and Stumpy. There are both standard-sized and bantam Scots Dumpies. It is one of two Scottish breeds of chicken, the other being the Scots Grey.

Scots Grey

Scots Grey

The Scots Grey is a dual-purpose breed of domestic chicken originating in Scotland, where it has been bred for more than two hundred years. It was formerly known as the Scotch Grey and until about 1930 was popular in Scotland. It is on the "Native Poultry Breeds at Risk" list of the Rare Breeds Survival Trust.

Lanarkshire

Lanarkshire

Lanarkshire, also called the County of Lanark, is a historic county, lieutenancy area and registration county in the Central Lowlands of Scotland. The county is no longer used for local government purposes, but gives its name to the two modern council areas of North Lanarkshire and South Lanarkshire.

Extinct breeds

A Paisley Terrier
A Paisley Terrier

Prior to their demise, the Paisley Terrier contributed to the bloodline of the Yorkshire Terrier and the Scottish Tan Face to the Boreray sheep. Although Galloway Ponies were praised by Gervaise Markham in the 17th century for their "fine shape, easie pace, pure metall and infinit toughness", true to form Samuel Johnson described them as "common hackneys".[50] It shares its origins with the still extant Fell Pony. A model of the Grice, whose habit of attacking lambs cannot have aided its survival, was recreated by a taxidermist in 2006.[7]

Breed Species Date of Origin Location of Origin Date of extinction
Paisley Terrier or Clydesdale Terrier Dog 19th century Paisley, Clyde Valley 20th century[51]
Galloway Pony Horse 16th century or earlier Galloway post 1901[50]
Grice Pig Unknown Highlands and Islands (also Ireland) c. 1930[7]
Scottish Dunface or Old Scottish Shortwool Sheep Iron Age Highlands and Islands (previously British Isles) late 19th century[52] (Survives as Shetland, Boreray, North Ronaldsay, Hebridean.)

Discover more about Extinct breeds related topics

Paisley Terrier

Paisley Terrier

The Paisley Terrier was a breed of terrier-type dog that is now extinct. Originating in Scotland, the Paisley Terrier was bred primarily as a pet and showdog version of the Skye Terrier, and was the progenitor of today's Yorkshire Terrier. The breed was called the Paisley Terrier since most of the dogs came from that location, but it was also called the Clydesdale Terrier, for another location in the Clyde Valley where the dogs were bred.

Yorkshire Terrier

Yorkshire Terrier

The Yorkshire Terrier is a British breed of toy dog of terrier type. It is among the smallest of the terriers and indeed of all dog breeds, with a weight of no more than 3.2 kg. It originated in the nineteenth century in the English county of Yorkshire, for which it is named. Their coats are typically tan on the head with a dark steel-grey body, but they can come in a variety of colors.

Samuel Johnson

Samuel Johnson

Samuel Johnson, often called Dr Johnson, was an English writer who made lasting contributions as a poet, playwright, essayist, moralist, critic, biographer, editor, and lexicographer. The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography calls him "arguably the most distinguished man of letters in English history".

Fell pony

Fell pony

The Fell pony is a versatile working breed of mountain and moorland pony originating on Cumberland and Westmorland farms of northwest England and is used for riding and driving. The breed is closely related to its geographic neighbour, the Dales Pony, but is a little smaller and more pony-like in build. The Fell Pony is noted for hardiness, agility, strength and sure-footedness.

Paisley, Renfrewshire

Paisley, Renfrewshire

Paisley is a large town situated in the west central Lowlands of Scotland. Located north of the Gleniffer Braes, the town borders the city of Glasgow to the east, and straddles the banks of the White Cart Water, a tributary of the River Clyde.

Grice

Grice

The grice was a breed of swine found in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland and in Ireland. It became extinct, surviving longest in the Shetland Isles, where it disappeared sometime between the middle of the 19th century and the 1930s. It was also known as the Highland, Hebridean or Irish pig.

Scottish Dunface

Scottish Dunface

The Scottish Dunface, Old Scottish Short-wool, Scottish Whiteface or Scottish Tanface was a type of sheep from Scotland. It was one of the Northern European short-tailed sheep group, and it was probably similar to the sheep kept throughout the British Isles in the Iron Age. By the mid-nineteenth century it had mostly been displaced by the Scottish Blackface and it became extinct on the mainland of Scotland in the late nineteenth century. However, several local types of Dunface survived on islands around Scotland, giving rise to or contributing to existing breeds including the Shetland, North Ronaldsay, Hebridean and Boreray.

Iron Age

Iron Age

The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three-age division of the prehistory and protohistory of humanity. It was preceded by the Stone Age and the Bronze Age. The concept has been mostly applied to Iron Age Europe and the Ancient Near East, but also, by analogy, to other parts of the Old World.

Source: "List of Scottish breeds", Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, (2023, March 15th), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Scottish_breeds.

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Further Reading

North Ronaldsay sheep

Galloway cattle

Eriskay Pony

List of sheep breeds

Manx Loaghtan

Soay sheep

Belted Galloway

Hebridean sheep

Royal Highland Show

Polled livestock

Shetland sheep

Shetland animal breeds

Castlemilk Moorit

Boreray sheep

Northern European short-tailed sheep

Scottish Dunface
See also
References
  1. ^ Zeder MA (2015). "Core questions in domestication Research". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 112 (11): 3191–8. Bibcode:2015PNAS..112.3191Z. doi:10.1073/pnas.1501711112. PMC 4371924. PMID 25713127.
  2. ^ a b "Scottish Fold Cat Information". Pet Finder. Retrieved 14 November 2015.
  3. ^ a b "North Ronaldsay". Sheep Breeds. Seven Sisters Sheep Centre. Retrieved 23 April 2009.
  4. ^ a b "RBST Watchlist". Retrieved 8 November 2015.
  5. ^ Watchlist 2022–23. Kenilworth, Warwickshire: Rare Breeds Survival Trust. Archived 28 September 2022.
  6. ^ "Dogs from Scotland". InfoDogs. Retrieved 14 November 2015.
  7. ^ a b c "Extinct Island Pig Spotted Again". BBC News. 17 November 2006. Retrieved 1 January 2007.
  8. ^ "Angus" Oklahoma State University. Retrieved 21 July 2009.
  9. ^ "The Breed" Archived 29 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine Ayrshire Cattle Society. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  10. ^ "Why Ayrshires" US Ayrshire Breeders' Association. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  11. ^ "Belted Galloway" Archived 25 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine Oklahoma State University. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  12. ^ "Galloway History" Archived 14 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine Galloway Cattle Society of New Zealand. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  13. ^ "The Highland Breed" Highland Cattle Society. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  14. ^ "History of the Breed" Archived 20 August 2008 at the Wayback Machine Luing Cattle Society. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  15. ^ "Home" Shetland Cattle Breeders Association. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  16. ^ a b c Watchlist 2017–18. Stoneleigh Park, Warwickshire: Rare Breeds Survival Trust. Accessed May 2017.
  17. ^ "Scots Dumpy chickens at Kintaline Farm" scotsdumpy.co.uk. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  18. ^ " Scots Grey Hens at Kintaline Farm" Archived 25 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine scotsgrey.co.uk Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  19. ^ "About the Breed" The Friendly Beardie Club. Retrieved 21 July 2009.
  20. ^ "Collie breed history barkbytes.com. Retrieved 21 July 2009.
  21. ^ "History of the Border Terrier" Archived 23 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine Oberlin University. Retrieved 21 July 2009.
  22. ^ a b c d e Initial grouping of several of the highland terriers (including the Scottie) under the generic name Skye terriers has caused some confusion in the breed’s lineage. There is much disagreement over whether the Skye terriers mentioned in early 16th century records actually descended from forerunners of the Scottie or vice versa. See Choosing a Scottish Terrier" Petplace.com. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  23. ^ "Dandie Dinmont Terrier History". Caledonian Dandie Dinmont Terrier Club. Archived from the original on 10 September 2009. Retrieved 21 July 2009.
  24. ^ "Golden Retrievers: History" K9web.com. Retrieved 30 November 2007.
  25. ^ "About Gordon Setters" Archived 10 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine Gordon Setter Cub of America. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  26. ^ "History of the Rough Collie" Archived 16 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine collienet.com. Retrieved 21 July 2009.
  27. ^ "Scottish Terrier" Britanica. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  28. ^ "Endemic Vertebrates of Shetland" nature-shetland.co.uk. Retrieved 20 July 2009. This source suggests that this is "a debatable breed, the Kennel Club variety probably differing significantly from the dogs that were used in Shetland in the past".
  29. ^ Threlfall, Sine "Breed History" Archived 7 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine Skye Terrier Club Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  30. ^ Savill, Richard (5 July 2006) "Skye Seven raise hope for breed's survival" The Telegraph. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  31. ^ "Shetland Goose" American Livestock Breeds Conservancy. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  32. ^ "Breed History" Clydesdale Horse Society. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  33. ^ "Eriskay Pony". Breeds of Livestock. Oklahoma State University. Archived from the original on 6 December 2008. Retrieved 19 March 2009.
  34. ^ "Watchlist: Eriskay" Archived 20 November 2011 at the Wayback Machine Rare Breeds Survival Trust. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  35. ^ "History of Highland Ponies" Archived 4 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine Strathspey Highland Ponies/freespace.virgin.net. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  36. ^ "Highland Pony" mahalo.com. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  37. ^ Both sources state that fossil remains of the ancestors of the modern breed have been found dating from "60,000 BC" prior to the last Ice Age.
  38. ^ "Breed History" Archived 2 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine Shetland Pony Studbook Society. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  39. ^ "Shetland Pony" Archived 18 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine Equine World. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  40. ^ "Watchlist: Boreray" Archived 6 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine Rare Breeds Survival Trust. Retrieved 20 July 2009. This categorisation indicates that fewer than 300 individuals are known to exist.
  41. ^ "Castlemilk Moorit". Breeds of Livestock. Oklahoma State University Dept. of Animal Science. Archived from the original on 18 November 2007. Retrieved 27 January 2008.
  42. ^ "Castlemilk Description". Castlemilk Moorit Sheep Society. Retrieved 7 April 2009.
  43. ^ "Cheviot". Breeds of Livestock. Oklahoma State University, Dept. of Animals Science. Retrieved 15 April 2009.
  44. ^ "History of the Breed" Archived 22 June 2009 at the Wayback Machine. Hebridean Sheep Society. Retrieved 20 July 2009. The breed is sometimes referred to as "St. Kilda Sheep", although it has no specific connection with the archipelago.
  45. ^ "North Country Cheviot". Breeds of Livestock. Oklahoma State University, Dept. of Animal Science. Archived from the original on 24 February 2009. Retrieved 6 April 2009.
  46. ^ "A historic Introduction". The Native Sheep of North Ronaldsay. Sheep-Isle. Retrieved 23 April 2009.
  47. ^ "Scottish Blackface" sheep101.info/breedsS. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  48. ^ "Shetland". Sheep Breeds - S-St. Sheep101.info. Retrieved 1 May 2009.
  49. ^ "A Thumbnail History Of The Soay Sheep Of St. Kilda" Southern Oregon Soay Sheep Farms. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  50. ^ a b "Galloways and Fell Galloways" Archived 25 July 2008 at the Wayback Machine The Fell Pony Museum. Retrieved 21 July 2009.
  51. ^ Bailey, Susan (24 January 2008) "The Evolution Of The Yorkshire Terrier" articlealley.com. Retrieved 21 July 2009. This source suggest the Paisley and Clydesdale were two distinct breeds at one time.
  52. ^ Culley, George (1807) Observations on Livestock London. Wilkie, Robinson et al. pp 146, 160–161. Retrieved 7 July 2010.
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