Get Our Extension

Lachine, Quebec

From Wikipedia, in a visual modern way
Lachine
Bike paths by the Lachine Canal
Bike paths by the Lachine Canal
Official logo of Lachine
Location of Lachine on the Island of Montreal. (Grey areas indicate demerged municipalities).
Location of Lachine on the Island of Montreal.
(Grey areas indicate demerged municipalities).
Coordinates: 45°26′25″N 73°42′20″W / 45.44028°N 73.70556°W / 45.44028; -73.70556
Country Canada
Province Quebec
CityMontreal
RegionMontréal
Parish of Saints-Anges-de-la-Chine1676
Incorporated1848
Montreal mergerJanuary 1, 2002
Electoral Districts
Federal

Dorval—Lachine—LaSalle
ProvincialMarquette
Government
 • TypeBorough
 • MayorMaja Vodanovic (PM)
 • Federal MP(s)Anju Dhillon (LPC)
 • Quebec MNA(s)Enrico Ciccone (PLQ)
Area
 • Land17.75 km2 (6.85 sq mi)
Population
 • Total44,489
 • Change (2011-16)
Increase6.9%
 • Dwellings (2006)
19,909
Time zoneUTC-5 (EST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-4 (EDT)
Postal code(s)
Area code(s)(514) and (438)
Access Routes[4]
A-13
A-20

A-520
Route 138
Websitelachine. ville.montreal.qc.ca

Lachine (French pronunciation: ​[laʃin]) is a borough (arrondissement) within the city of Montreal on the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. It was an autonomous city until the municipal mergers in 2002.

Discover more about Lachine, Quebec related topics

Borough

Borough

A borough is an administrative division in various English-speaking countries. In principle, the term borough designates a self-governing walled town, although in practice, official use of the term varies widely.

Arrondissement

Arrondissement

An arrondissement is any of various administrative divisions of France, Belgium, Haiti, certain other Francophone countries, as well as the Netherlands.

Montreal

Montreal

Montreal is the second most populous city in Canada and the most populous city in the province of Quebec. Founded in 1642 as Ville-Marie, or "City of Mary", it is named after Mount Royal, the triple-peaked hill around which the early city of Ville-Marie is built. The city is centred on the Island of Montreal, which obtained its name from the same origin as the city, and a few much smaller peripheral islands, the largest of which is Île Bizard. The city is 196 km (122 mi) east of the national capital Ottawa, and 258 km (160 mi) southwest of the provincial capital, Quebec City.

Island of Montreal

Island of Montreal

The Island of Montreal is a large island in southwestern Quebec, Canada, that is the site of a number of municipalities, including most of the city of Montreal, and is the most populous island in Canada. It is the main island of the Hochelaga Archipelago at the confluence of the Saint Lawrence and Ottawa rivers.

Quebec

Quebec

Quebec is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada. It is the largest province by area and the second-largest by population. Much of the population of Quebec lives in urban areas along the St. Lawrence River, between its most populous city, Montreal, and the provincial capital, Quebec City. The province is the home of the Québécois nation. Located in Central Canada, the province shares land borders with Ontario to the west, Newfoundland and Labrador to the northeast, New Brunswick to the southeast, and a coastal border with Nunavut; in the south it borders Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, and New York in the United States.

History

Church of Saints-Anges-Gardiens, built 1919-1920.
Church of Saints-Anges-Gardiens, built 1919-1920.

Lachine, apparently from the French term la Chine (China), is often said to have been named in 1667, in mockery of its then owner René-Robert Cavelier de La Salle, who explored the interior of North America trying to find a passage to China. When he returned without success, he and his men were derisively named les Chinois (the Chinese). The name was adopted when the parish of Saints-Anges-de-la-Chine was created in 1676,[5] with the form Lachine appearing with the opening of a post office in 1829.[6]

An alternative etymology attributes the name to the famous French explorer Samuel de Champlain, who also hoped to find a passage from the Saint Lawrence River to China. According to this version, in 1618 Champlain proposed that a customs house would tax the trade goods from China passing this point, hence the name Lachine.[7]

On August 4, 1689, more than 1500 Mohawk warriors raided the small village and burned it to the ground in retaliation for the ravaging of the Seneca lands, which was accused having been committed by the governor of New France, the Marquis de Denonville. The Lachine massacre left 80 dead.

Lachine was incorporated as a village in 1848, then it became a town in 1872 and a city in 1909.[8] In 1912 it annexed the neighbouring Town of Summerlea, itself founded in 1895.[9] It merged with the town of Saint-Pierre in 1999, and the combined municipality merged into Montreal on January 1, 2002. Lachine's logo during its municipality days is still in use today.

Discover more about History related topics

China

China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land, the most of any country in the world, tied with Russia. With an area of approximately 9.6 million square kilometres (3,700,000 sq mi), it is the world's third largest country by total land area. The country consists of 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two special administrative regions. The national capital is Beijing, and the most populous city and largest financial center is Shanghai.

René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle

René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle

René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, was a 17th-century French explorer and fur trader in North America. He explored the Great Lakes region of the United States and Canada, and the Mississippi River. He is best known for an early 1682 expedition in which he canoed the lower Mississippi River from the mouth of the Illinois River to the Gulf of Mexico; there, on 9 April 1682, he claimed the Mississippi River basin for France after giving it the name La Louisiane. One source states that "he acquired for France the most fertile half of the North American continent".

Samuel de Champlain

Samuel de Champlain

Samuel de Champlain was a French explorer, navigator, cartographer, draftsman, soldier, geographer, ethnologist, diplomat, and chronicler. He made between 21 and 29 trips across the Atlantic Ocean, and founded Quebec, and New France, on 3 July 1608. An important figure in Canadian history, Champlain created the first accurate coastal map during his explorations, and founded various colonial settlements.

Governor of New France

Governor of New France

The governor of New France was the viceroy of the King of France in North America. A French nobleman, he was appointed to govern the colonies of New France, which included Canada, Acadia and Louisiana. The residence of the Governor was at the Chateau St. Louis in the capital of Quebec City. Acadia, Louisiana, and the towns of Trois-Rivières and Montreal had their own particular governors.

Lachine massacre

Lachine massacre

The Lachine massacre, part of the Beaver Wars, occurred when 1,500 Mohawk warriors launched a surprise attack against the small settlement of Lachine, New France, at the upper end of Montreal Island, on the morning of August 5, 1689.

Municipal corporation

Municipal corporation

A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. The term can also be used to describe municipally owned corporations.

Ville Saint-Pierre

Ville Saint-Pierre

Ville Saint-Pierre is a small neighbourhood of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada, located in the Borough of Lachine. It was a separate town until it merged with Lachine in 1999. In 2002, the amalgamated city of Lachine merged into Montreal.

Geography

The borough is located in the southwest portion of the island of Montreal, at the inlet of the Lachine Canal, between the borough of LaSalle and the city of Dorval. It was a separate city until the municipal mergers on January 1, 2002, and it did not demerge on January 1, 2006.[10]

The borough is bordered to the northwest by the city of Dorval, to the northeast by Saint-Laurent, to the east by Côte Saint-Luc, Montreal West and a narrow salient of Le Sud-Ouest, and to the south by LaSalle. Its western limit is the shore of Lake Saint-Louis and the Saint Lawrence River.

It has an area of 17.83 km² (7 sq. mi.) and a population of 44,489 per the 2016 Canadian Census.

Discover more about Geography related topics

Island of Montreal

Island of Montreal

The Island of Montreal is a large island in southwestern Quebec, Canada, that is the site of a number of municipalities, including most of the city of Montreal, and is the most populous island in Canada. It is the main island of the Hochelaga Archipelago at the confluence of the Saint Lawrence and Ottawa rivers.

Lachine Canal

Lachine Canal

The Lachine Canal is a canal passing through the southwestern part of the Island of Montreal, Quebec, Canada, running 14.5 kilometres from the Old Port of Montreal to Lake Saint-Louis, through the boroughs of Lachine, Lasalle and Sud-Ouest.

LaSalle, Quebec

LaSalle, Quebec

LaSalle is the most southerly borough (arrondissement) of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is located in the south-west portion of the Island of Montreal, along the Saint Lawrence River. Prior to 2002, it was a separate municipality that had been incorporated in 1912.

Dorval

Dorval

Dorval is an on-island suburban city on the island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. In 2016, the Canadian Census indicated that the population increased by 4.2% to 18,980. Although the city has the largest surface area in Montréal’s west side, it is among the least densely populated. Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport constitutes about 60% of the city's land, forcing all of Dorval's population to be concentrated in the southern part of the city.

Saint-Laurent, Quebec

Saint-Laurent, Quebec

Saint-Laurent is a borough of the city of Montreal, Canada, located in the northern part of the island. Although it is no longer an independent city, it is still commonly known as Ville Saint-Laurent or by its initials, VSL.

Côte Saint-Luc

Côte Saint-Luc

Côte Saint-Luc is a city on the island of Montreal in Quebec, Canada.

Montreal West, Quebec

Montreal West, Quebec

Montreal West is an on-island suburb in southwestern Quebec, Canada, on the Island of Montreal.

Le Sud-Ouest

Le Sud-Ouest

Le Sud-Ouest is a borough (arrondissement) of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Lake Saint-Louis

Lake Saint-Louis

Lake Saint-Louis is a lake in southwestern Quebec, Canada, at the confluence of the Saint Lawrence and Ottawa Rivers. The Saint Lawrence Seaway passes through the lake.

Demographics[11]

Historical populations
YearPop.±%
196650,221—    
197151,220+2.0%
197647,542−7.2%
198142,826−9.9%
198639,850−6.9%
199140,233+1.0%
199639,910−0.8%
200140,222+0.8%
200641,391+2.9%
201141,616+0.5%
201644,489+6.9%
Home Language (2016)
Language Population Percentage (%)
French 23,750 60%
English 11,880 29%
Non Official language only 4,555 11%
Mother Tongue (2016)
Language Population Percentage (%)
French 23,320 56%
English 9,700 24%
Non Official language only 8,275 20%
Visible Minorities (2016)
Ethnicity Population Percentage (%)
Not a visible minority 32,250 75.9%
Visible minorities 10,255 24.1%

Government

Municipal government

As of the November 7, 2021 Montreal election, the current borough council consists of the following members:

District Position Name   Party
 — Borough mayor
City councillor
Maja Vodanovic   Projet Montréal
 — City councillor Vicki Grondin   Projet Montréal
Du Canal Borough councillor Micheline Rouleau   Projet Montréal
Fort-Rolland Borough councillor Michèle Flannery   Projet Montréal
J.-Émery-Provost Borough councillor Younes Boukala   Projet Montréal

Federal and provincial districts

The entire borough is located within the federal riding of Dorval-Lachine-LaSalle, and within the provincial electoral district of Marquette.

Discover more about Government related topics

2021 Montreal municipal election

2021 Montreal municipal election

Municipal elections were held in the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada on November 7, 2021, as part of the 2021 Quebec municipal elections. Voters elected 103 representatives in a first-past-the-post electoral system. The general election decides the majority composition of the city council and each of the 19 borough councils. The newly elected mayor appoints 2 city councillors for the Ville-Marie borough. In total, 18 borough mayors, 46 city councillors and 38 borough councillors were elected.

Montreal City Council

Montreal City Council

The Montreal City Council is the governing body in the mayor–council government in the city of Montreal, Quebec. The head of the city government in Montreal is the mayor, who is first among equals in the city council. The council is a democratically elected institution and is the final decision-making authority in the city, although much power is centralized in the executive committee. The council consists of 65 members from all boroughs of the city. The council has jurisdiction over many matters, including public security, agreements with other governments, subsidy programs, the environment, urban planning, and a three-year capital expenditure program. The city council is also required to supervise, standardize or approve certain decisions made by the borough councils.

Maja Vodanovic

Maja Vodanovic

Maja Vodanović was born on January 20, 1968, in Croatia. She is an artist, teacher and politician. She has been the mayor of the Montreal borough of Lachine since November 2017.

Projet Montréal

Projet Montréal

Projet Montréal is a progressive, environmentalist municipal political party in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Founded in 2004, it is led by Valérie Plante, and holds a majority of seats on Montreal City Council.

Marquette (provincial electoral district)

Marquette (provincial electoral district)

Marquette is a provincial electoral district in the Montreal region of Quebec, Canada, that elects members to the National Assembly of Quebec. It comprises the cities of Dorval, L'Île-Dorval, and the Lachine borough of Montreal.

Infrastructure

Trading Post on the Lachine Canal.
Trading Post on the Lachine Canal.

Autoroute 20 passes through Lachine, which is also served by the Lachine commuter train station.

Most noticeable of Lachine's features is the Lachine Canal and its recreational facilities, including the Lachine Canal National Historic Site. Around the canal's inlet, in the southern part of the borough, are located The Fur Trade at Lachine National Historic Site, René Lévesque Park (on a long peninsula extending into Lac Saint-Louis), and the Musée de Lachine, which has collections of modern outdoor sculpture both on its own grounds, in René Lévesque Park, and in other sites throughout the borough. Other historic buildings are also located near the canal's inlet.

Discover more about Infrastructure related topics

Lachine Canal

Lachine Canal

The Lachine Canal is a canal passing through the southwestern part of the Island of Montreal, Quebec, Canada, running 14.5 kilometres from the Old Port of Montreal to Lake Saint-Louis, through the boroughs of Lachine, Lasalle and Sud-Ouest.

Quebec Autoroute 20

Quebec Autoroute 20

Autoroute 20 is a Quebec Autoroute, following the Saint Lawrence River through one of the more densely populated parts of Canada, with its central section forming the main route of the Trans-Canada Highway from the A-25 interchange to the A-85 interchange. At 585 km (363.5 mi), it is the longest Autoroute in Quebec. It is one of two main links between Montreal and Quebec City; the other is the A-40.

The Fur Trade at Lachine National Historic Site

The Fur Trade at Lachine National Historic Site

The Fur Trade at Lachine National Historic Site is a historic building located in the borough of Lachine in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, at the western end of the Lachine Canal. It is a National Historic Site of Canada.

René Lévesque

René Lévesque

René Lévesque was a Québécois politician and journalist who served as the 23rd premier of Quebec from 1976 to 1985. He was the first Québécois political leader since Confederation to attempt, through a referendum, to negotiate the political independence of Quebec. Starting his career as a reporter, and radio and television host, he later became known for his eminent role in Quebec's nationalization of hydro, and as an ardent defender of Quebec sovereignty. He was the founder of the Parti Québécois, and before that, a Liberal minister in the Lesage government from 1960 to 1966.

Public art

Public art

Public art is art in any media whose form, function and meaning are created for the general public through a public process. It is a specific art genre with its own professional and critical discourse. Public art is visually and physically accessible to the public; it is installed in public space in both outdoor and indoor settings. Public art seeks to embody public or universal concepts rather than commercial, partisan or personal concepts or interests. Notably, public art is also the direct or indirect product of a public process of creation, procurement, and/or maintenance.

René Lévesque Park

René Lévesque Park

René Lévesque Park is an urban park in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is located in the borough of Lachine on a jetty between the Saint Lawrence River and the end of the Lachine Canal. Approximately 140,000 m2 (1,500,000 sq ft) in area, it is named after René Lévesque, the prime minister of Quebec from 1976 to 1985.

Parks

The Fontaine de Vie at Lachine Borough Hall
The Fontaine de Vie at Lachine Borough Hall

A memorial to Air India Flight 182 is located in Monk Island, in Lachine. It was inaugurated in 2010.[12]

Education

Primary and secondary schools

Collège Sainte-Anne
Collège Sainte-Anne

The Commission scolaire Marguerite-Bourgeoys operates Francophone public schools.[13]

Adult schools include:

  • Centre d'éducation des adultes de LaSalle, Édifice Boileau

Professional development centres include:

  • Centre de formation professionnelle de Lachine (CFP), Édifice Dalbé-Viau and Édifice de la Rive

Secondary schools include:

Primary schools include:

École Primaire Victor Therien
École Primaire Victor Therien
  • École Primaire des Berges-de-Lachine
  • École Primaire Jardin-des-Saints-Anges
  • École Primaire Martin-Bélanger
  • École Primaire Paul-Jarry
  • École Primaire Philippe-Morin
  • École Primaire Très-Saint-Sacrement

The Lester B. Pearson School Board (LBPSB) operates Anglophone public schools.

  • Lakeside Academy (a merger of Lachine High School and Bishop Whelan High School)
  • Maple Grove Elementary School in Lachine, a merger of the Meadowbrook School in Lachine and the Bishop-Whelan School in Dorval, opened in August 2010[14]
  • A portion is zoned to LaSalle Elementary Junior and Senior Campus in LaSalle[15]
  • The Pearson Electrotechnology Centre (PEC; Centre d'électrotechnologie Pearson), a public vocational school of the LBPSB, is in Lachine.[16]

Public libraries

The Montreal Public Libraries Network operates the Saint-Pierre Branch and the Saul-Bellow Branch in Lachine.[17]

Discover more about Education related topics

Lakeside Academy (Lachine)

Lakeside Academy (Lachine)

Lakeside Academy is a public secondary school in the borough of Lachine of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Part of the Lester B. Pearson School Board, the school was created in 2001 when two former high schools, Lachine High School and Bishop Whelan High School, were amalgamated. Lakeside has offered the International Baccalaureate Middle Years Program since 2001 to the Enriched students and to all its students since 2010, and it served as the set for the 2009 film The Trotsky.

Commission scolaire Marguerite-Bourgeoys

Commission scolaire Marguerite-Bourgeoys

The Marguerite-Bourgeoys School Board was a French language public School Board on Montreal Island, Quebec, Canada. Its headquarters was in the Saint-Laurent borough of Montreal. Its education centre was in LaSalle, also in Montreal. It was named after Marguerite Bourgeoys (1620–1700), a French nun who helped start education infrastructure in the new colony.

Lester B. Pearson School Board

Lester B. Pearson School Board

The Lester B. Pearson School Board is one of the largest school boards on the island of Montreal and one of the nine English school boards in the province of Quebec. It is headquartered in Dorval, Quebec.

LaSalle, Quebec

LaSalle, Quebec

LaSalle is the most southerly borough (arrondissement) of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is located in the south-west portion of the Island of Montreal, along the Saint Lawrence River. Prior to 2002, it was a separate municipality that had been incorporated in 1912.

Montreal Public Libraries Network

Montreal Public Libraries Network

The Montreal Public Libraries Network is the public library system on the Island of Montreal in Quebec, Canada. It is the largest French language public library system in North America, and also has items in English and other languages. Its central branch closed in March 2005 and its collections incorporated into the collections of the Grande Bibliothèque.

Notable residents

Discover more about Notable residents related topics

Jean-Louis Besnard

Jean-Louis Besnard

Jean-Louis Besnard was a merchant trader based out of Montreal, Province of Quebec.

Saul Bellow

Saul Bellow

Saul Bellow was an American writer. For his literary work, Bellow was awarded the Pulitzer Prize, the Nobel Prize for Literature, and the National Medal of Arts. He is the only writer to win the National Book Award for Fiction three times, and he received the National Book Foundation's lifetime Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters in 1990.

Tim Harkness

Tim Harkness

Thomas William Harkness is a Canadian former professional baseball first baseman, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1961 to 1964 for the Los Angeles Dodgers and New York Mets. The native of Lachine, Quebec, threw and batted left-handed and was listed as 6 feet 2 inches (1.88 m) tall and 182 pounds (83 kg).

New York Mets

New York Mets

The New York Mets are an American professional baseball team based in the New York City borough of Queens. The Mets compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member of the National League (NL) East division. They are one of two major league clubs based in New York City, the other being the American League's (AL) New York Yankees. One of baseball's first expansion teams, the Mets were founded in 1962 to replace New York's departed NL teams, the Brooklyn Dodgers and the New York Giants. The team's colors evoke the blue of the Dodgers and the orange of the Giants.

Shmuel Schecter

Shmuel Schecter

Shmuel Halevi Schecter was a Canadian–American Orthodox Jewish rabbi, educator, and author. Born in Quebec and raised in Baltimore, he traveled to Eastern Europe to study at the Mir Yeshiva as a teenager and at the Kelm Talmud Torah as a young married man. In 1940 he returned to the United States, where he was a co-founder of the first kollel in America, Beth Medrash Govoha, in White Plains, New York. He was a Torah educator in New York and Boston for more than 50 years, and served as dean of Mesivta Toras Emes in Brooklyn. He published a commentary on Orchot Chaim LeHoRosh, a musar work.

Torah

Torah

The Torah is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, namely the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. In that sense, Torah means the same as Pentateuch or the Five Books of Moses. It is also known in the Jewish tradition as the Written Torah. If meant for liturgic purposes, it takes the form of a Torah scroll. If in bound book form, it is called Chumash, and is usually printed with the rabbinic commentaries.

M. Wylie Blanchet

M. Wylie Blanchet

Muriel Wylie "Capi" Blanchet, née Muriel Wylie Liffiton was a Canadian travel writer. She is best known for her 1961 book The Curve of Time, which recounts summer travels with her children in the inland waterways of British Columbia in the 1920s and 1930s.

Travel literature

Travel literature

The genre of travel literature encompasses outdoor literature, guide books, nature writing, and travel memoirs.

Source: "Lachine, Quebec", Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, (2023, January 28th), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lachine,_Quebec.

Enjoying Wikiz?

Enjoying Wikiz?

Get our FREE extension now!

References
  1. ^ "Ministère des Affaires Municipales et Régions: Lachine". Archived from the original on 2012-12-16. Retrieved 2012-03-14.
  2. ^ a b 2006 Statistics Canada Community Profile: Lachine, Quebec
  3. ^ "Population totale en 2006 et en 2011 - Variation — Densité" (PDF). Canada 2016 Census (in French). Ville de Montréal. 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2017.
  4. ^ Official Transport Quebec Road Map
  5. ^ Site archéologique de l'Église-des-Saints-Anges-de-Lachine
  6. ^ "Commission de toponymie du Québec - Lachine (Ville)". Archived from the original on 2015-05-25. Retrieved 2008-04-16.
  7. ^ Brook, Timothy (2007). Vermeer's Hat: The Seventeenth Century and the Dawn of the Global World. London: Bloomsbury Press. p. 46. ISBN 978-1-59691-444-5.
  8. ^ Lachine's first city hall (click on "Read More" at bottom)
  9. ^ Fougères, Dany; Shaffer, Valérie (2018). "An Undivided Island: Domination at the Dawn of a New Era". In Fougères, D.; MacLeod, R. (eds.). Montreal: The History of a North American City. McGill-Queen's University Press. pp. 435, 437. ISBN 978-0-7735-5128-2.
  10. ^ "Musée de Lachine".
  11. ^ "Ville de Montréal - Montréal en statistiques - Lachine".
  12. ^ "Memorial to victims of Air India bombing inaugurated in Lachine." CTV Montreal. Sunday December 5, 2010. Retrieved on December 7, 2014.
  13. ^ "ÉCOLES ET CENTRES." Commission Scolaire Marguerite-Bourgeoys. Retrieved on December 7, 2014.
  14. ^ "Home." Maple Grove Elementary School. Retrieved on December 7, 2014.
  15. ^ "School Board Map." Lester B. Pearson School Board. Retrieved on September 28, 2017.
  16. ^ "Home Archived 2014-11-11 at the Wayback Machine." Pearson Electrotechnology Centre. Retrieved on December 7, 2014.
  17. ^ "Les bibliothèques par arrondissement." Montreal Public Libraries Network. Retrieved on December 7, 2014.
  18. ^ Converse, Cathy (2018) [2008]. Horsdal, Marlyn (ed.). Following the Curve of Time: The Untold Story of Capi Blanchet (Book) (2nd ed.). TouchWood Editions. ISBN 978-1-77151-296-1.
External links

Coordinates: 45°25′54″N 73°40′30″W / 45.43167°N 73.67500°W / 45.43167; -73.67500

The content of this page is based on the Wikipedia article written by contributors..
The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike Licence & the media files are available under their respective licenses; additional terms may apply.
By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use & Privacy Policy.
Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization & is not affiliated to WikiZ.com.