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Junior Juniper

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Junior Juniper
Juniper Junior Howling Commandos 1.jpg
Publication information
PublisherMarvel Comics
First appearanceSgt. Fury and the Howling Commandos #1
(May 1963)
Created byStan Lee (writer)
Jack Kirby (artist)
In-story information
Alter egoJonathan Juniper
Team affiliationsHowling Commandos

Jonathan "Junior" Juniper is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby, his first appearance was in Sgt. Fury and the Howling Commandos vol. 1 #1.[1] He is known to be the first major character to find death in a Marvel comic and the only Howling Commando ever to die in battle.[2][3][4]

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American comic book

American comic book

An American comic book is a thin periodical originating in the United States, on average 32 pages, containing comics. While the form originated in 1933, American comic books first gained popularity after the 1938 publication of Action Comics, which included the debut of the superhero Superman. This was followed by a superhero boom that lasted until the end of World War II. After the war, while superheroes were marginalized, the comic book industry rapidly expanded and genres such as horror, crime, science fiction and romance became popular. The 1950s saw a gradual decline, due to a shift away from print media in the wake of television & television shows and the impact of the Comics Code Authority. The late 1950s and the 1960s saw a superhero revival and superheroes remained the dominant character archetype throughout the late 20th century into the 21st century.

Marvel Comics

Marvel Comics

Marvel Comics is an American comic book publisher and the flagship property of Marvel Entertainment, a division of The Walt Disney Company since September 1, 2009. Evolving from Timely Comics in 1939, Magazine Management/Atlas Comics in 1951 and its predecessor, Marvel Mystery Comics, the Marvel Comics title/name/brand was first used in June 1961.

Stan Lee

Stan Lee

Stan Lee was an American comic book writer, editor, publisher, and producer. He rose through the ranks of a family-run business called Timely Comics which would later become Marvel Comics. He was the primary creative leader for two decades, leading its expansion from a small division of a publishing house to a multimedia corporation that dominated the comics and film industries.

Jack Kirby

Jack Kirby

Jack Kirby was an American comic book artist, writer and editor, widely regarded as one of the medium's major innovators and one of its most prolific and influential creators. He grew up in New York City and learned to draw cartoon figures by tracing characters from comic strips and editorial cartoons. He entered the nascent comics industry in the 1930s, drawing various comics features under different pen names, including Jack Curtiss, before ultimately settling on Jack Kirby. In 1940, he and writer-editor Joe Simon created the highly successful superhero character Captain America for Timely Comics, predecessor of Marvel Comics. During the 1940s, Kirby regularly teamed with Simon, creating numerous characters for that company and for National Comics Publications, later to become DC Comics.

Publication history

Jonathan "Junior" Juniper appears in Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos #1-4. In the fourth issue, he was killed.[5] The death of Junior Juniper has haunted Nick Fury all the way up to modern day stories.[6]

In What If? #14 (April 1979), an alternate version of the character appears in What If... Sgt. Fury and His Howling Commandos Had Fought World War II In Outer Space?.

Fictional character biography

Jonathan "Junior" Juniper was a founding member of the original Howling Commandos and fought alongside the team during World War II.[7][8] He was the youngest on the team as he was still attending an unnamed Ivy League college before he enlisted in the Air Force. Juniper was later transferred from the Air Force to the Commandos because he had flown B-17 Flying Fortress in bombing raids as a tail gunner.[9][10]

Juniper saves the group on its first mission. The group was surrounded by Nazis. As they were waiting in the snow, Juniper read the Biblical story of Gideon frightening his enemy with raucous noise. The commando stole a sound trunk and used its loudspeakers to frighten the Nazis with their cries. With this mission, the group earns the nickname "Howling Commandos"[10][11]

With the Howling Commandos, Juniper participated at a rescue mission of the leader of the French Resistance who knows when D-Day is scheduled.[7][8] In another mission, the Howling Commandos invaded a French coast town to create a diversion while the Allied navy destroyed the German U-boat pens. After, they are reassigned on a mission to destroy a German atomic energy research facility. In the process, they also end up liberating a concentration camp.[12][13]

Nick Fury had a relation with Pamela Hawley, a British countess. During a rescue mission to bring back Percy Hawley known as Lord Ha-Ha, her brother and Nazi sympathizer, Junior was killed.[4][5][14] Fury put the blame for Juniper's death on himself, thinking he did not push the Commandos enough. Fury decided to deepen their training until they become the toughest, most dangerous squad in the war.[15][16] A few missions later, the British soldier, Percival Pinkerton, replaced Juniper in the team.[14][17][18] Jonathan Juniper was the grand-uncle of S.H.I.E.L.D. agent Roger Juniper.[19][20]

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Howling Commandos

Howling Commandos

The Howling Commandos is the name of several fictional groups appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.

World War II

World War II

World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945. The vast majority of the world's countries, including all of the great powers, fought as part of two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. Many participants threw their economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind this total war, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and the delivery of the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war.

Ivy League

Ivy League

The Ivy League is an American collegiate athletic conference comprising eight private research universities in the Northeastern United States. The term Ivy League is typically used beyond the sports context to refer to the eight schools as a group of elite colleges with connotations of academic excellence, selectivity in admissions, and social elitism. Its members are Brown University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Dartmouth College, Harvard University, Princeton University, University of Pennsylvania, and Yale University.

United States Air Force

United States Air Force

The United States Air Force (USAF) is the air service branch of the United States Armed Forces, and is one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. Originally created on 1 August 1907, as a part of the United States Army Signal Corps, the USAF was established as a separate branch of the United States Armed Forces in 1947 with the enactment of the National Security Act of 1947. It is the second youngest branch of the United States Armed Forces and the fourth in order of precedence. The United States Air Force articulates its core missions as air supremacy, global integrated intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance, rapid global mobility, global strike, and command and control.

Gideon

Gideon

Gideon also named Jerubbaal and Jerubbesheth, was a military leader, judge and prophet whose calling and victory over the Midianites are recounted in Judges 6–8 of the Book of Judges in the Hebrew Bible.

French Resistance

French Resistance

The French Resistance was a collection of organizations that fought the Nazi occupation of France and the collaborationist Vichy régime during the Second World War. Resistance cells were small groups of armed men and women who conducted guerrilla warfare and published underground newspapers. They also provided first-hand intelligence information, and escape networks that helped Allied soldiers and airmen trapped behind enemy lines. The Resistance's men and women came from different levels in the French society, including émigrés, academics, students, aristocrats, conservative Roman Catholics, Protestants, Jews, Muslims, liberals, anarchists and communists. The number of French people participating in the organized resistance is estimated at from one to three percent of the total population.

Nick Fury

Nick Fury

Colonel Nicholas Joseph "Nick" Fury Sr. is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer/artist Jack Kirby and writer Stan Lee, he first appeared in Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos #1, a World War II combat series that portrayed the cigar-chomping man as leader of an elite U.S. Army Ranger unit.

S.H.I.E.L.D.

S.H.I.E.L.D.

S.H.I.E.L.D. is a fictional espionage, special law enforcement, and counter-terrorism agency appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby, the agency first appeared in Strange Tales #135. It often deals with paranormal and superhuman threats to international security.

Abilities and accessories

Junior Juniper was a trained commando and an ace tailgunner on a B-17. He is proficient with a knife, grenade, dynamite, and Thompson Submachine gun M1.[10]

Death impact

Jonathan "Junior" Juniper was killed in action after a few issues of Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos. As the magazine Jack Kirby Collector wrote in 1999, "Today that's no big deal but in 1963, comics heroes simply didn't die; not permanently, anyway. Suddenly, with the death of 'Junior' Juniper, the series acquired some real cachet. It now played like a true-life war drama where people got killed and never came back. You wondered who would be next".[3]

This question is clearly written in the comic book when the Howling Commandos react to the death of their youngest member. The character Dino Manelli said "Which of us will be next?" and his teammate Izzy Cohen answered "What's the diff? We're all expendable".[4][5] Paul Brian McCoy reviewed this issue for Comics Bulletin and considers it as the "best thing Marvel's publishing in 1963". The story "Lord Ha-Ha's Last Laugh!" mixes emotional complexity, action and adventure. This is the first time a main character has actually died in a Marvel Comic.[4] As the comic writer and editor Tom DeFalco told it in an interview, some of the early Marvel fans were startled by the death of "Junior" Juniper.[21]

Alternate versions

What If?

An alternate version of the character appears in "What If... Sgt. Fury and His Howling Commandos Had Fought World War II In Outer Space?", What If? #14 (April 1979). In this reality, the space is divided into the alpha and the beta sectors as the earth was divided into eastern and western fronts during the World War II. Junior Juniper is a member of the Howling Commandos of this reality. They are soldiers of the alpha sector and they received orders from a command computer. Their first mission is to protect the earth station midway against the betans. At the beginning of the attack, their objective was changed, they had to capture a traitor, the Baron Strucker. The villain died into space and the mission was a success.[22]

X-Men Forever

A second alternate version of the character appears in "The Fury of the Howling Commandos", X-Men Forever vol. 2 #7 (November 2009). During a S.H.I.E.L.D. investigation in South America, the agent Tommy Juniper is killed. Learning this, the S.H.I.E.L.D. leader Nick Fury thought "Not another Juniper. Not again!". Kitty Pryde, Jean Grey, Rogue, Beast and Nightcrawler join Nick Fury on a second investigation in the South American jungle. The events remembered him another mission with Jonathan Juniper who is the grand-uncle of Tommy, the rest of the Howling Commandos and a Canadian soldier named Logan.[23][24][25]

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What If (comics)

What If (comics)

What If, sometimes stylized as What If…?, is a comic book anthology series published by Marvel Comics whose stories explore how the Marvel Universe might have unfolded if key moments in its history had not occurred as they did in mainstream continuity. Since What If debuted in 1977, the comics have been published in 13 series as well as occasional stand-alone issues.

Baron Strucker

Baron Strucker

Baron Wolfgang von Strucker is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. A former Nazi officer, he is one of the leaders of the Hydra terrorist organization and an enemy of S.H.I.E.L.D., the Avengers, and the interests of the United States, and thus a fugitive. He has been physically augmented to be nearly ageless. While Strucker has been seemingly killed in the past, he returned to plague the world with schemes of world domination and genocide, time and time again.

X-Men Forever

X-Men Forever

X-Men Forever is the name of three comic book series published by Marvel Comics featuring the mutant superhero group the X-Men. The first is a 2001 miniseries, unrelated to the others. The second and third are the work of writer Chris Claremont.

South America

South America

South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southern subregion of a single continent called America.

Kitty Pryde

Kitty Pryde

Katherine Anne "Kitty" Pryde is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, commonly in association with the X-Men. The character first appeared in The Uncanny X-Men #129 and was co-created by writer-artist John Byrne and writer Chris Claremont. A mutant, Pryde possesses a "phasing" ability that allows her to become intangible. This power also disrupts any electrical field she passes through, and lets her simulate levitation.

Jean Grey

Jean Grey

Jean Elaine Grey is a character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character has been known under the aliases Marvel Girl, Phoenix and Dark Phoenix. Created by writer Stan Lee and artist/co-plotter Jack Kirby, the character first appeared in The X-Men #1. Jean is a member of a subspecies of humans known as mutants, who are born with superhuman abilities. She was born with psionic powers.

Wolverine (character)

Wolverine (character)

Wolverine is a character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, mostly in association with the X-Men. He is a mutant with animal-keen senses, enhanced physical capabilities, a powerful regenerative ability known as a healing factor, and three retractable claws in each hand. Wolverine has been depicted as a member of the X-Men, X-Force, Alpha Flight, the Fantastic Four, and the Avengers.

In other media

Television

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Agent Carter (TV series)

Agent Carter (TV series)

Marvel's Agent Carter, or simply Agent Carter, is an American television series created by Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely for ABC, based on the Marvel Comics character Peggy Carter following her roles in the 2011 film Captain America: The First Avenger and the 2013 Marvel One-Shot short film of Agent Carter. It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) and shares continuity with the franchise's films and other television series. The series was produced by ABC Studios, Marvel Television, and F&B Fazekas & Butters, with Tara Butters, Michele Fazekas, and Chris Dingess serving as showrunners.

The Iron Ceiling

The Iron Ceiling

"The Iron Ceiling" is the fifth episode of the first season of the American television series Agent Carter, inspired by the films Captain America: The First Avenger and Captain America: The Winter Soldier, and the Marvel One-Shot short film also titled Agent Carter. It features the Marvel Comics character Peggy Carter as she goes on a mission to infiltrate a Leviathan military complex with the Howling Commandos, and is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the films of the franchise. The episode was written by Jose Molina and directed by Peter Leto.

Red Room (comics)

Red Room (comics)

The Red Room is a fictional location appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The Soviet training facility was created to produce highly specialized spies, including Black Widows Natasha Romanova and Yelena Belova.

Leviathan (Marvel Comics)

Leviathan (Marvel Comics)

Leviathan, also called the Leviathan Horde, is a fictional Soviet-based terrorist organization appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.

Source: "Junior Juniper", Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, (2021, October 26th), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junior_Juniper.

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References
  1. ^ Heritage Comics and Comic Art Auction #7027. Heritage Capital Corporation. October 2010. p. 64. ISBN 978-1-59967-501-5. Retrieved June 12, 2011.
  2. ^ Comics & Comic Art. Heritage Capital Corporation. p. 129. ISBN 978-1-59967-528-2. Retrieved June 12, 2011.
  3. ^ a b Alexander, Mark. "Wah-Hoo!! Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos", Jack Kirby Collector #24 (April 1999)
  4. ^ a b c d McCoy, Paul Brian. "Mondo Marvel #19 - November 1963". Comics Bulletin. Archived from the original on September 8, 2011. Retrieved July 4, 2011.
  5. ^ a b c Lee, Stan (w), Kirby, Jack (p), Bell, George (i). "Lord Ha Ha's Last Laugh" Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos #4 (Nov. 1963), Marvel Comics
  6. ^ Jonathan "Junior" Juniper at The Appendix to the Handbook of the Marvel Universe
  7. ^ a b Lee, Stan (w), Kirby, Jack (p), Ayers, Dick (i). "Seven Against The Nazis" Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos #1 (May 1963), Marvel Comics
  8. ^ a b McCoy, Paul Brian. "Mondo Marvel #12 - May 1963". Comics Bulletin. Archived from the original on December 28, 2010. Retrieved July 4, 2011.
  9. ^ Thomas, Roy (w), Ayers, Dick (p), Tartaglione, John (i). "The origin of the Howlers!" Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos #34 (Sept. 1966), Marvel Comics
  10. ^ a b c "Junior Juniper". Marvel Legacy: The 1960s Handbook. New York: Marvel Publishing Group. 2006. p. 32.
  11. ^ Gary Friedrich, Roy Thomas (w), John Severin (p), John Severin (i). "The Howlers' first mission!" Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos #44 (July 1967), Marvel Comics
  12. ^ Lee, Stan (w), Kirby, Jack (p), Ayers, Dick (i). "Seven Doomed Men!" Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos #2 (July 1963), Marvel Comics
  13. ^ McCoy, Paul Brian. "Mondo Marvel #14 - July 1963". Comics Bulletin. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved July 6, 2011.
  14. ^ a b Booker, M. Keith (2010). Encyclopedia of Comic Books and Graphic Novels, Volume 1. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 566. ISBN 978-0-313-35746-6. Retrieved June 12, 2011.
  15. ^ Lee, Stan (w), Kirby, Jack (p), Roussos, George (i). "At The Mercy of Baron Strucker!" Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos #5 (Jan. 1964), Marvel Comics
  16. ^ McCoy, Paul Brian. "Mondo Marvel #21 - January 1964". Comics Bulletin. Archived from the original on June 5, 2011. Retrieved July 6, 2011.
  17. ^ Lee, Stan (w), Ayers, Dick (p), Roussos, George (i). "The Death Ray of Dr. Zemo!" Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos #8 (July 1964), Marvel Comics
  18. ^ McCoy, Paul Brian. "Mondo Marvel #27 - July 1964". Comics Bulletin. Archived from the original on September 8, 2011. Retrieved July 4, 2011.
  19. ^ Tom DeFalco, Ron Frenz (w), Ron Frenz (p), Patrick Olliffe (i). "Cry Havok!" Hercules and the Heart of Chaos #2 (Sept. 1997), Marvel Comics
  20. ^ Roger "Buddy" Juniper at The Appendix to the Handbook of the Marvel Universe
  21. ^ "TGIF: Dearly Departed". Marvel.com. December 5, 2008. Retrieved July 5, 2011.
  22. ^ Don Glut, Gary Friedrich (w), Herb Trimpe (p), Pablo Marcos (i). "What If... Sgt. Fury and His Howling Commandos Had Fought World War II In Outer Space?" What If? #14 (April 1979), Marvel Comics
  23. ^ Chris Claremont (w), Tom Grummett, Steve Scott (p), Al Vey (i), Lee Loughridge (col). "The Fury of the Howling Commandos" X-Men Forever v2, #7 (Nov. 2009), Marvel Comics
  24. ^ CBR Team (September 3, 2009). "Preview: X-Men Forever #7". Comic Book Resources. Retrieved July 6, 2011.
  25. ^ Matthew Fantaci (September 8, 2009). "Review: X-Men Forever #7". Comic Bulletin. Retrieved July 6, 2011.
  26. ^ Leto, Peter (director); Jose Molina (writer) (February 3, 2015). "The Iron Ceiling". Marvel's Agent Carter. Season 1. Episode 5. ABC.
  27. ^ Marvel.com (January 16, 2015). "DEBRIEFING MARVEL'S AGENT CARTER: THE IRON CEILING". Marvel. Retrieved January 16, 2015.
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