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Helge Jung

From Wikipedia, in a visual modern way
Helge Jung
Helge Jung AMA.0000829 (cropped).jpg
Helge Jung in 1944
Birth nameHelge Victor Jung
Born(1886-03-23)23 March 1886
Malmö, Sweden
Died3 January 1978(1978-01-03) (aged 91)
Stockholm, Sweden
Buried
Djursholm cemetery
AllegianceSweden
Service/branchSwedish Army
Years of service1906–1951
RankGeneral
Commands held
RelationsBengt Liljestrand (son-in-law)

General Helge Victor Jung (23 March 1886 – 3 January 1978) was a Swedish Army officer. Jung's senior commands include the post of Chief of the Army Staff and the General Staff Corps, commander of the 2nd Army Division, military commander of the II Military District and the IV Military District. He served as the 2nd Supreme Commander from 1944 to 1951.

Discover more about Helge Jung related topics

General (Sweden)

General (Sweden)

General (Gen) is a four-star commissioned officer rank in the Swedish Army, Swedish Air Force and Swedish Amphibious Corps. General ranks immediately above lieutenant general and is equivalent to admiral in the Swedish Navy. It is held by the Supreme Commander of the Swedish Armed Forces and the monarch.

Swedish Army

Swedish Army

The Swedish Army is the land force of the Swedish Armed Forces.

Chief of the Army Staff (Sweden)

Chief of the Army Staff (Sweden)

The Chief of the Army Staff is the professional head of the Swedish Army Staff. The post was created in 1936 with colonel Helge Jung as the first incumbent. The post disappeared in 1994 and was reintroduced in 2019 when the new Army Staff was established.

General Staff Corps

General Staff Corps

General Staff Corps was an administrative corps within the Swedish Armed Forces between 1937 and 1990 and consisted of Swedish Army officers chosen for duty in the Defence Staff and Army Staff. It replaced the earlier General Staff.

Lower Norrland Military District

Lower Norrland Military District

Lower Norrland Military District, originally II Military District was a Swedish military district, a command of the Swedish Armed Forces that had operational control over Lower Norrland, for most time of its existence corresponding to the area covered by the counties of Västernorrland, Jämtland and the northern part of Gävleborg. The headquarters of Milo NN were located in Östersund.

Eastern Military District (Sweden)

Eastern Military District (Sweden)

Eastern Military District, originally IV Military District was a Swedish military district, a command of the Swedish Armed Forces that had operational control over Eastern Sweden, for most time of its existence corresponding to the area covered by the counties of Östergötland, Södermanland, Stockholm, Uppsala and Västmanland. The headquarters of Milo Ö were located in Strängnäs.

Supreme Commander of the Swedish Armed Forces

Supreme Commander of the Swedish Armed Forces

The Supreme Commander is the highest ranked professional military officer in the Swedish Armed Forces, and is by NATO terminology the Swedish chief of defence equivalent. The Supreme Commander is the agency head of the Swedish Armed Forces and formally reports to the Government of Sweden, though normally through the Minister for Defence. The primary responsibilities and duties of the Supreme Commander are prescribed in an ordinance issued by the Government.

Early life

Jung was born on 23 March 1886 in Malmö, Sweden, the son of the headmaster Victor Jung and his wife Maria (née Levan).[1] Jung passed mogenhetsexamen in Malmö in 1903 and then studied history at Lund University for a couple of semesters 1903–1904.[2]

Career

Early military career

He was accepted as a volunteer at the South Scanian Infantry Regiment (I 7) in 1904 and graduated from the Military Academy Karlberg in 1906 and was commissioned into the Swedish Army the same year as a underlöjtnant in the same regiment[3] where he was promoted to lieutenant in 1909.[4] From 1912 to 1916, Jung served as a regimental adjutant in the South Scanian Infantry Regiment,[5] whereupon he attended the Royal Swedish Army Staff College from 1916 to 1918. He was a cadet officer at the Military Academy Karlberg from 1919 to 1922: first at the reserve officer courses during 1919 and then at the officer courses from 1919 to 1922. He was an assistant teacher in martial law and service regulations on the officer course at the Military Academy Karlberg from 1921 to 1922.[3] In 1921 he was promoted to captain in the South Scanian Infantry Regiment.[6]

During this time, Jung took an instructor course at the Royal Central Gymnastics Institute from 1907 to 1908,[5] and served as company commander in 1st Division's (I. arméfördelningen) volunteer school in Halmstad from 1908 to 1909 and from 1909 to 1910. After that he was a company commander at the reserve officer volunteer school in Karlsborg in 1910, and commander of the conscripts selected for special winter service (ski service) from 1910 to 1911, company commander at the reserve officer volunteer school in Karlsborg in 1911 and adjutant at the Infantry Officer Volunteer School (Infanteriofficersvolontärskolan) in Karlsborg from 1914 to 1915.[3]

War history and defense debate

From 1922 to 1926, Jung served in the War History Department of the General Staff, after which he was a teacher in war history and strategy at the Royal Swedish Army Staff College from 1926 to 1928. He was promoted to major in 1928, after which he was acting head of the War History Department in the General Staff from 1928 to 1929 and regular head of the same from 1929 to 1933.[3] He was secretary of the issues regarding the Swedish Army in the 1930 Defence Commission from 1930 to 1935.[2][3] In 1933 he was promoted to lieutenant colonel, after which he was head of the Foreign Affairs Department in the General Staff from 1933 to 1936.[2] He was secretary of the Committee on Defence during the Riksdag of 1936.[7]

As head of the War History Department, he led the work on Sveriges krig 1611–1632 ("Sweden's war 1611–1632"), a book in eight volumes published 1936–1939.[2] He himself conducted war history archive research in Latvia and Estonia in 1922, in Germany, Danzig and Copenhagen in 1923, in Finland in 1925 and 1926 as well as archival research and battlefield surveys in Danzig, Poland and Germany in 1927. He led archival research and battlefield research in Belgium, Netherlands, Czechoslovakia, Germany and Austria in 1929 and in several other countries in 1930.[3]

The Defence Act of 1925 with its extensive downsizing of units and personnel, left its mark on Jung's generation of officers and instilled in many paralysis of action. In this situation, Jung deservedly took the lead for those who did not want to give up the fight for a modern defence with a broad base and adapted to society's resources. During his service in the War History Department, he gathered around him a group of younger talented army officers for a debate on defence issues[8] and eventually founded Ny militär tidskrift ("New Military Journal") in 1927,[9] whose editor he was 1927–1930.[7] The circle of soldiers around this came to be called Jungjuntan ("Jung's junta") and it consisted of Axel Rappe, Carl August Ehrensvärd, Per Sylvan, Henry Peyron, Gustaf Petri, Axel Gyllenkrook, Gunnar Berggren with Jung as editor and unifying force. Jung was also behind the publication Antingen – eller ("Either – Or") (1930). Through the work of the 1930 Defence Commission, he had a decisive influence on the Defence Act of 1936 and it came to consist of a ten-year rearmament plan.[9]

Chief of Army Staff and military commander

On 12 June 1936, Jung was promoted to colonel and appointed regimental commander of the North Scanian Infantry Regiment (I 6) from 1 October 1936.[10] Even before he had time to take office, however, he was appointed on 30 June to be Acting Chief of Military Office of the Land Defence from 1 August,[11] a post he held until 30 June 1937.[12] On 13 November 1936, he was relieved of command of the North Scanian Infantry Regiment and was appointed executive commander of the Life Regiment Grenadiers (I 3) from 16 November, but was given continued leave to serve as Chief of the Military Office of the Land Defence.[13]

As part of the Defence Act of 1936, the General Staff was divided into the Defence Staff and the Army Staff. This was entirely in line with Jung's junta's argument for a unified leadership of the armed forces in a more efficient organization. As a reward for his persistent work in the 1930 Defence Commission,[14] Jung was appointed Chief of the Army Staff and the General Staff Corps on 30 July 1937 and took office on 1 July.[12] At this time, Jung advocated active action for Finland in a possible war against the Soviet Union. In the years just before the outbreak of World War II, cracks appeared within Jung's junta and it dissipated.[15] He was promoted to major general in 1938[7] and left the Chief of the Army Staff position on 30 September 1940.[16] Thereafter, from 1 October 1940 until 30 September 1942, he was commander of the II Army Division (II. arméfördelningen),[17][18] from 1 October 1942 to 30 September 1943, military commander of the II Military District[18][19] and from 1 October 1943 to 31 March 1944, military commander of the IV Military District[19][20] as well as Commandant General in Stockholm.[7]

Supreme Commander

Supreme Commander, General Helge Jung (left) and the Chief of the Defence Staff, Major General Carl August Ehrensvärd.
Supreme Commander, General Helge Jung (left) and the Chief of the Defence Staff, Major General Carl August Ehrensvärd.

On 31 December 1943, Jung was promoted to lieutenant general from 1 January 1944 and was appointed Supreme Commander of the Swedish Armed Forces for six years from 1 April 1944.[19] He was promoted to general on 10 March 1944, beginning 1 April.[21] In November 1949, he received an extended appointment as Supreme Commander until 31 March 1951, when he resigned.[22]

During this time he was against the Swedish extradition of Baltic soldiers in 1945 and a friend of NATO, as his speech to students at Lund University in November 1949 shows.[23] About his other activities as Supreme Commander, an obituary read: "Jung's work became very important in order to present a plan for the Swedish Armed Forces's future organization after World War II. He had to overcome many anti-defence forces, the war fatigue, the atomic bomb threat and the peace optimism. Jung worked in the same way as in the 1920s and 1930s. He gathered around him a group of skilled and useful officers and invested in a well-organized defence information. With indomitable energy, Jung succeeded in gaining the attention of the Swedish government for his proposals and in preventing the ruling organization from collapsing. He thus laid the foundation for the future development of the Swedish defence for many years. It has been said by the former Supreme Commander, General Stig Synnergren that ’the modernization and anchoring of the defence among the Swedish people is Jung's lasting effort’."[24] Historian Kent Zetterberg has stated that “Helge Jung was to a large extent a complex nature. His personality had features of cunning and tactical calculation, yes cynicism, but at the same time there were also clear elements of the ideality and selfless work for strengthening the Swedish defence.”[25]

Discover more about Career related topics

Adjutant

Adjutant

Adjutant is a military appointment given to an officer who assists the commanding officer with unit administration, mostly the management of human resources in an army unit. The term adjudant is used in French-speaking armed forces as a non-commissioned officer rank similar to a staff sergeant or warrant officer but is not equivalent to the role or appointment of an adjutant.

Martial law

Martial law

Martial law is the imposition of direct military control of normal civil functions or suspension of civil law by a government, especially in response to an emergency where civil forces are overwhelmed, or in an occupied territory.

Halmstad

Halmstad

Halmstad is a port, university, industrial and recreational city at the mouth of the Nissan river, in the province of Halland on the Swedish west coast. Halmstad is the seat of Halmstad Municipality and the capital of Halland County. The city had a population of 71,422 in 2020, out of a municipal total of over 100,000. Halmstad is Sweden's 19th-largest city by population and located about midway between Gothenburg and Malmö. Timber framing architecture is common.

Karlsborg

Karlsborg

Karlsborg is a locality and the seat of Karlsborg Municipality, Västra Götaland County, Sweden. It had 3,551 inhabitants in 2010. This garrison town lies at the shore of lake Vättern in Västergötland.

General Staff (Sweden)

General Staff (Sweden)

The General Staff was a Swedish government agency established in 1873 and was active until 1937. It was headed by the Chief of the General Staff which was a senior member of the Swedish Army.

Committee on Defence (Sweden)

Committee on Defence (Sweden)

(Parliamentary) Committee on Defence (FöU) is a parliamentary committee in the Swedish Riksdag. The committee's areas of responsibility concern the military, the role of the population in defense policies, along with coordination inside the total defense. The committee also treats questions regarding the coast guard.

Latvia

Latvia

Latvia, officially the Republic of Latvia, is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is one of the Baltic states; and is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, Belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Latvia covers an area of 64,589 km2 (24,938 sq mi), with a population of 1.9 million. The country has a temperate seasonal climate. Its capital and largest city is Riga. Latvians belong to the ethno-linguistic group of the Balts and speak Latvian, one of the only two surviving Baltic languages. Russians are the most prominent minority in the country, at almost a quarter of the population.

Estonia

Estonia

Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, and to the east by Lake Peipus and Russia. The territory of Estonia consists of the mainland, the larger islands of Saaremaa and Hiiumaa, and over 2,200 other islands and islets on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea, covering a total area of 45,339 square kilometres (17,505 sq mi). The capital city Tallinn and Tartu are the two largest urban areas of the country. The Estonian language is the autochthonous and the official language of Estonia; it is the first language of the majority of its population, as well as the world's second most spoken Finnic language.

Germany

Germany

Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second-most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated between the Baltic and North seas to the north, and the Alps to the south; it covers an area of 357,022 square kilometres (137,847 sq mi), with a population of around 84 million within its 16 constituent states. Germany borders Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, and France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands to the west. The nation's capital and most populous city is Berlin and its main financial centre is Frankfurt; the largest urban area is the Ruhr.

Gdańsk

Gdańsk

Gdańsk is a city on the Baltic coast of northern Poland. With a population of 470,621, Gdańsk is the capital and largest city of the Pomeranian Voivodeship. It is Poland's principal seaport and the country's fourth-largest metropolitan area.

Copenhagen

Copenhagen

Copenhagen is the capital and most populous city of Denmark, with a population of around 1.4 million in the urban area, and more than 2 million in the wider Copenhagen metropolitan area. The city is on the islands of Zealand and Amager, separated from Malmö, Sweden, by the Øresund strait. The Øresund Bridge connects the two cities by rail and road.

Finland

Finland

Finland, officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It shares land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bothnia to the west and the Gulf of Finland to the south, across from Estonia. Finland covers an area of 338,455 square kilometres (130,678 sq mi) with a population of 5.6 million. Helsinki is the capital and largest city. The vast majority of the population are ethnic Finns. Finnish and Swedish are the official languages, Swedish is the native language of 5.2% of the population. Finland's climate varies from humid continental in the south to the boreal in the north. The land cover is primarily a boreal forest biome, with more than 180,000 recorded lakes.

Personal life

In 1913, he married Ruth Wehtje (1893–1951), the daughter of the deputy district judge Ernst Wehtje and Mimmi Ahnfelt. In 1952, he married Dagmar Bager (1897–1955), the daughter of vice consul John Jeansson and Sigrid Maijström. He was the father of Stig (born 1915), Karin (born 1917) and Elisabet (born 1919–1994).[7]

Death

Jung's grave in Djursholm Cemetery.
Jung's grave in Djursholm Cemetery.

Jung died on 3 January 1978 and was interred on 10 February 1978 in Djursholm cemetery.[26]

Dates of rank

Discover more about Dates of rank related topics

Underlöjtnant

Underlöjtnant

Underlöjtnant was the lowest officer rank in the Swedish Army from 1835 to 1937 instead of the previous ranks of fänrik and cornet. Fänrik was reintroduced in 1914 with the same position as underlöjtnant, from 1926 with lower position.

Löjtnant

Löjtnant

Löjtnant is a company grade officer rank. In the army/airforce, it ranks above second lieutenant and below captain. In the navy, it ranks above acting sub-lieutenant and below lieutenant. It is equivalent to the specialist officers rank of förvaltare. The rank has been used in Sweden since the Middle Ages.

Kapten

Kapten

Kapten is a company grade officer rank. In the army/airforce, it ranks above lieutenant and below major. In the navy, it ranks above sub-lieutenant and below lieutenant commander. It is equivalent to the specialist officers rank of förvaltare. The rank has been used in Sweden since the Middle Ages.

Major (Sweden)

Major (Sweden)

Major (Maj) is a field grade military officer rank in the Swedish Armed Forces, above the rank of captain and below the rank of lieutenant colonel. It is equivalent to the naval rank of lieutenant commander in the Swedish Navy.

Överstelöjtnant

Överstelöjtnant

Lieutenant colonel (LtCol) is a field grade officer rank in the Swedish Armed Forces, just above the rank of major and just below the rank of colonel. It is equivalent to the naval rank of commander in the Swedish Navy.

Överste

Överste

Colonel (Col) (Swedish: Överste, Öv) is the most senior field grade military officer rank in the Swedish Army and the Swedish Air Force, immediately above the rank of lieutenant colonel and just below the rank of brigadier general. It is equivalent to the naval rank of captain in the Swedish Navy.

Generalmajor (Sweden)

Generalmajor (Sweden)

Major General (MajGen) is a two-star commissioned officer rank in the Swedish Army, Swedish Air Force and Swedish Amphibious Corps. Major general ranks immediately above brigadier general and below a lieutenant general. The rank is equivalent to rear admiral in the Swedish Navy.

Generallöjtnant

Generallöjtnant

Lieutenant General (LtGen) is a three-star commissioned officer rank in the Swedish Army, Swedish Air Force and Swedish Amphibious Corps. Lieutenant general ranks immediately above major general and below a general. The rank is equivalent to vice admiral in the Swedish Navy.

General (Sweden)

General (Sweden)

General (Gen) is a four-star commissioned officer rank in the Swedish Army, Swedish Air Force and Swedish Amphibious Corps. General ranks immediately above lieutenant general and is equivalent to admiral in the Swedish Navy. It is held by the Supreme Commander of the Swedish Armed Forces and the monarch.

Awards and decorations

Swedish

Foreign

Discover more about Awards and decorations related topics

Sweden

Sweden

Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge–tunnel across the Öresund. At 447,425 square kilometres (172,752 sq mi), Sweden is the largest Nordic country, the third-largest country in the European Union, and the fifth-largest country in Europe. The capital and largest city is Stockholm. Sweden has a total population of 10.5 million, and a low population density of 25.5 inhabitants per square kilometre (66/sq mi), with around 87% of Swedes residing in urban areas, which cover 1.5% of the entire land area, in the central and southern half of the country.

Order of the Sword

Order of the Sword

The Royal Order of the Sword is a Swedish order of chivalry and military decoration created by King Frederick I of Sweden on 23 February 1748, together with the Order of the Seraphim and the Order of the Polar Star. The motto of the order is in Latin: Pro Patria.

Order of Vasa

Order of Vasa

The Royal Order of Vasa is a Swedish order of chivalry, awarded to citizens of Sweden for service to state and society especially in the fields of agriculture, mining and commerce. It was instituted on 29 May 1772 by King Gustav III. It was unrestricted by birth or education and could therefore be awarded to anyone. It was the most junior of all the Swedish orders. It was often awarded to Norwegian subjects of the dual monarchy until Oscar I founded the Norwegian Order of St. Olav in 1847. Previously considered dormant from 1974, the order has again been active since 1 February 2023.

Order of the Polar Star

Order of the Polar Star

The Royal Order of the Polar Star is a Swedish order of chivalry created by King Frederick I on 23 February 1748, together with the Order of the Sword and the Order of the Seraphim. The Order of the Polar Star is intended as a reward for Swedish and foreign "civic merits, for devotion to duty, for science, literary, learned and useful works and for new and beneficial institutions".

Swedish Royal Jubilee Commemorative Medals

Swedish Royal Jubilee Commemorative Medals

The Kingdom of Sweden has a long history of awarding royal commemorative insignia. The oldest is the medal awarded to the godparents of Crown Prince Gustav Adolf in 1778. The majority of these medals celebrate birthdays, jubilees, coronations, and weddings within the Royal Family of Sweden.

Home Guard Medal of Merit

Home Guard Medal of Merit

Home Guard Medal of Merit is a Swedish reward medal established in 1947 by the National Home Guard Council. It is awarded to those who, through significant service, have contributed to developing the Home Guard in addition to what the service requires.

Swedish Federation for Voluntary Defence Education and Training Medal of Merit

Swedish Federation for Voluntary Defence Education and Training Medal of Merit

The Swedish Federation for Voluntary Defence Education and Training Medal of Merit awarded by the Swedish Federation for Voluntary Defence Education and Training and its predecessors since 1922. Its awarded for meritorious work and good personal efforts within the federation.

Swedish Red Cross

Swedish Red Cross

The Swedish Red Cross is a Swedish humanitarian organisation and a member of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. Founded in 1865, its purpose is to prevent and alleviate human suffering wherever and whenever it occurs, voluntarily and without discrimination. Within Sweden, it operates more than 1,000 local branches, which are run by local committees.

Honours

Source: "Helge Jung", Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, (2022, November 16th), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helge_Jung.

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Further Reading

Olof Thörnell

Helge Strömbäck

Stig H:son Ericson

Torsten Friis

Axel Ljungdahl

Jacob Wallenberg (1892–1980)

Axel Rappe (1884–1945)

Otto Lybeck

Erik Testrup

Ivar Backlund

Erik af Klint (1901–1981)

Claës Lindsström

Ernst af Klercker

Gunnar Bjurner

Stig Löfgren

Fale Burman

Regner Leuhusen

Nils-Ivar Carlborg
Bibliography
  • Jung, Helge (1923). Sveriges möjligheter till självförsörjning: en studie rörande jordbrukets och industriens krigsberedskap (in Swedish). Stockholm: Seelig & C:o. SELIBR 8220850.
  • Jung, Helge, ed. (1930). Antingen-eller: freds- och försvarsproblemet i saklig belysning (in Swedish). Stockholm: Ny militär tidskrifts bokförlag. SELIBR 906270.
  • Jung, Helge (1947). Vårt framtida försvar: överbefälhavarens förslag (in Swedish). Stockholm. SELIBR 1720170.
  • Jung, Helge, ed. (1947). Överbefälhavarens yttrande över 1945 års militärutrednings "Betänkande och förslag angående förhållandet mellan befäl och meniga inom krigsmakten" (in Swedish). Stockholm: [Folk och försvar]. SELIBR 1457870.
  • Jung, Helge, ed. (1957). Öst och väst och vi: grupparbete (in Swedish). Stockholm: Norstedt. SELIBR 1369365.
References

Notes

  1. ^ Vem är det: svensk biografisk handbok. 1933 [Who is it: Swedish biographical handbook. 1933] (in Swedish). Stockholm: Norstedt. 1932. p. 424.
  2. ^ a b c d Dahl & Bohman 1948, p. 133
  3. ^ a b c d e f Wennerström 1936, p. 197
  4. ^ Sveriges statskalender för år 1915 (in Swedish). Uppsala: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. 1915. p. 238.
  5. ^ a b Hallberg 1921, p. 220
  6. ^ Sveriges statskalender för året 1925 (in Swedish). Uppsala: Almqvist & Wiksell. 1925. p. 267.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Harnesk 1962, p. 665
  8. ^ Broomé 1978, p. 270
  9. ^ a b Artéus 1996, pp. 248–256
  10. ^ "Högre militära utnämningar". Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). 1936-06-13. p. 5.
  11. ^ "Försvarsorganisationen har fått sina nya ledare". Dagens Nyheter (in Swedish). 1936-07-01. p. 4.
  12. ^ a b "Cheferna utnämnda för armé och marin. Sex nya generaler". Dagens Nyheter (in Swedish). 1937-05-01. p. 14.
  13. ^ "Fyra nya regementschefer och fyra överstar i armén". Dagens Nyheter (in Swedish). 1936-11-14. p. 6.
  14. ^ Artéus 1996, pp. 257–258
  15. ^ Artéus 1996, pp. 259–261
  16. ^ Rönnberg 1995, p. 269
  17. ^ "Ny fördelningschef, ny arméstabschef". Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). 1940-03-31. p. 7.
  18. ^ a b "Högsta posterna i försvaret besatta". Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). 1942-07-01. p. 5.
  19. ^ a b c "Ny militärbefälhavare i Stockholm utnämnd". Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). 1943-03-20. p. 3.
  20. ^ "General Jung Ö. B., general A. Douglas arméchef". Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). 1944-01-02. p. 6.
  21. ^ "Nye ÖB general. Ny krigsskolechef". Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). 1944-03-11. p. 5.
  22. ^ "ÖB:s förordnande förlängt ett år". Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). 1949-11-26. p. 4.
  23. ^ Artéus 1996, pp. 269, 271
  24. ^ Broomé 1978, p. 271
  25. ^ Artéus 1996, p. 272
  26. ^ "Helge Viktor Jung". www.finngraven.se (in Swedish). Retrieved 22 October 2020.
  27. ^ Sköldenberg, Bengt, ed. (1969). Sveriges statskalender. 1969 (PDF) (in Swedish). Stockholm: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. p. 93. SELIBR 3682754.
  28. ^ Sveriges statskalender för året 1945 (in Swedish). Uppsala: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. 1945. p. 9.
  29. ^ Sveriges statskalender för skottåret 1940 (in Swedish). Uppsala: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. 1940. p. 11.
  30. ^ Sveriges statskalender för året 1931 (in Swedish). Uppsala: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. 1931. p. 35.
  31. ^ Sveriges statskalender för året 1955 (in Swedish). Stockholm: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. 1955. p. 209.
  32. ^ Sveriges statskalender för året 1945 (in Swedish). Uppsala: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. 1945. p. 81.
  33. ^ Sveriges statskalender för året 1955 (in Swedish). Stockholm: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. 1955. p. 352.
  34. ^ a b Sveriges statskalender för året 1945 (in Swedish). Uppsala: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. 1945. p. 109.
  35. ^ a b c Sveriges statskalender för året 1947 (in Swedish). Uppsala: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. 1947. p. 109.
  36. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Sveriges statskalender för året 1935 (in Swedish). Uppsala: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. 1935. p. 246.
  37. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Sveriges statskalender för skottåret 1940 (in Swedish). Uppsala: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. 1940. p. 272.
  38. ^ Sveriges statskalender för året 1950 (in Swedish). Stockholm: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. 1950. p. 101.
  39. ^ a b Sveriges statskalender för året 1931 (in Swedish). Uppsala: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. 1931. p. 240.
  40. ^ Sveriges statskalender för året 1941 (in Swedish). Uppsala: Fritzes offentliga publikationer. 1941. p. 272.
  41. ^ Svensk rikskalender 1909 (in Swedish). Stockholm: P. A. Nordstedt & Söner. 1908. p. 191. SELIBR 498191.
  42. ^ Svensk rikskalender 1910 (in Swedish). Stockholm: P. A. Nordstedt & Söner. 1909. p. 192. SELIBR 498191.

Print

  • Artéus, Gunnar, ed. (1996). Svenska officersprofiler under 1900-talet (in Swedish). Stockholm: Militärhögsk. ISBN 918707219X. SELIBR 7762137.
  • Broomé, Bertil (1978). "Minnestal över bortgångna ledamöter". Kungl. Krigsvetenskapsakademiens handlingar och tidskrift (in Swedish). Stockholm: Kungl. Krigsvetenskapsakademien. SELIBR 3417415.
  • Dahl, Torsten; Bohman, Nils, eds. (1948). Svenska män och kvinnor: biografisk uppslagsbok. 4 I-Lindner (in Swedish). Stockholm: Bonnier. SELIBR 53803.
  • Hallberg, Severin, ed. (1921). Svensk officersmatrikel 1 Generalitetet, generalstaben och infanteriet (in Swedish). Stockholm: Tullberg. SELIBR 2860421.
  • Harnesk, Paul, ed. (1962). Vem är vem? 1, Stor-Stockholm [Who's Who? 1, Greater Stockholm] (in Swedish) (2nd ed.). Stockholm: Vem är vem. SELIBR 53509.
  • Rönnberg, Lennart, ed. (1995). Arméns ledning från vasatid till nutid (in Swedish). Stockholm: Probus. ISBN 9187184427. SELIBR 7762926.
  • Wennerström, Thorsten (1936). Kungl. krigsakademien och Kungl. krigsskolan: åren 1792-1935, personhistoriska uppgifter (in Swedish). Stockholm: GLA. SELIBR 24473.
Further reading
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Helge Jung.
  • Konow, Jan von (1999). Helge Jung: opinionsbildare, försvarets nydanare, överbefälhavare (in Swedish). Stockholm: J. von Konows förl. ISBN 9163084716. SELIBR 7454079.
Military offices
Preceded by Life Regiment Grenadiers (I 3)
1936–1937 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Chief of the Army Staff
General Staff Corps
1937–1940 		Succeeded by
Preceded by II Army Division
1940–1942 		Succeeded by
Björn Olof Karlsson
Preceded by
None
 II Military District
1942–1943 		Succeeded by
Preceded by IV Military District
Commandant General in Stockholm
1943–1944 		Succeeded by
Arvid Moberg
Preceded by Supreme Commander
1944–1951 		Succeeded by
Categories

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