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Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania – Christian Families Alliance

From Wikipedia, in a visual modern way
Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania – Christian Families Alliance
Lietuvos lenkų rinkimų akcija – Krikščioniškų šeimų sąjunga
Akcja Wyborcza Polaków na Litwie – Związek Chrześcijańskich Rodzin
AbbreviationLLRA-KŠS
ChairmanWaldemar Tomaszewski
Vice ChairpeopleZbignev Jedinskij
Vanda Kravčionok
Zdzislav Palevič
Marija Rekst
Leonard Talmont
Secretary GeneralRenata Sobieska-Monkevič
FounderJan Sienkiewicz
Founded28 August 1994
HeadquartersPilies g. 16, Vilnius
Membership2,097 (2022)
Ideology
Political positionCentre-right[2] to right-wing
European affiliationAlliance of Conservatives and Reformists in Europe
European Parliament groupEuropean Conservatives and Reformists
ColoursMaroon and blue
Seimas
3 / 141
European Parliament
1 / 11
Municipal councils
57 / 1,498
[5]
Mayors
1 / 60
Website
www.awpl.lt
Elderships where Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania – Christian Families Alliance had majority of votes during 2020 Lithuania's parliamentary election(AWPL in pink)
Elderships where Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania – Christian Families Alliance had majority of votes during 2020 Lithuania's parliamentary election(AWPL in pink)

Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania – Christian Families Alliance or EAPL–CFA (Lithuanian: Lietuvos lenkų rinkimų akcija – Krikščioniškų šeimų sąjunga or LLRA–KŠS; Polish: Akcja Wyborcza Polaków na Litwie – Związek Chrześcijańskich Rodzin or AWPL–ZCHR) is a political party in Lithuania. It represents the Polish minority and positions itself as Christian-democratic.[1][2] It has 3 seats in the Seimas, 1 seat in the European Parliament and 57 seats in municipal councils after the 2023 local election.

Formed in 1994 from the political wing of the Association of Poles in Lithuania, LLRA experienced a surge in support in the 2000s, under the leadership of Waldemar Tomaszewski. It increased its representation from under 2% in 2000, leading to the party being invited to join the governing coalition:[6] an invitation they rejected. They increased their vote again to 3.8% in 2004 and 4.8% in 2008: just short of the 5% election threshold for any of the Seimas's 70 proportional representation seats. In the 2009 European election, they won 8.2% and one seat. The party's vote is concentrated in the south-east of the country, around the capital, where the Polish minority is located. At the 2012 election, LLRA broke through 5% in a parliamentary election for the first time: qualifying for proportional representation seats.

In the Seimas, the party sits with fellow right-leaning party Order and Justice. LLRA's MEP (its leader Valdemar Tomaševski) sits in the European Parliament with the European Conservatives and Reformists, which includes the Polish Law and Justice and Poland Comes First, and the party is a member of the ACRE.

Discover more about Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania – Christian Families Alliance related topics

Lithuanian language

Lithuanian language

Lithuanian is an Eastern Baltic language belonging to the Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family. It is the official language of Lithuania and one of the official languages of the European Union. There are about 2.8 million native Lithuanian speakers in Lithuania and about 200,000 speakers elsewhere.

List of political parties in Lithuania

List of political parties in Lithuania

This article lists political parties in Lithuania. Lithuania has a multi-party system with numerous political parties, in which no one party often has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other to form coalition governments. As of 2020, there are 29 political parties registered with the Ministry of Justice, 2 of them in the process of being deregistered.

Lithuania

Lithuania

Lithuania, officially the Republic of Lithuania, is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea. Lithuania shares land borders with Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and Russia to the southwest. It has a maritime border with Sweden to the west on the Baltic Sea. Lithuania covers an area of 65,300 km2 (25,200 sq mi), with a population of 2.8 million. Its capital and largest city is Vilnius; other major cities are Kaunas and Klaipėda. Lithuanians belong to the ethno-linguistic group of the Balts and speak Lithuanian, one of only a few living Baltic languages.

Christian democracy

Christian democracy

Christian democracy is a political ideology that emerged in 19th-century Europe under the influence of Catholic social teaching and neo-Calvinism.

European Parliament

European Parliament

The European Parliament (EP) is one of the legislative bodies of the European Union and one of its seven institutions. Together with the Council of the European Union, it adopts European legislation, following a proposal by the European Commission. The Parliament is composed of 705 members (MEPs). It represents the second-largest democratic electorate in the world, with an electorate of 375 million eligible voters in 2009.

2000 Lithuanian parliamentary election

2000 Lithuanian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Lithuania on 8 October 2000. All 141 seats in the Seimas were up for election, 71 of them in single-seat constituencies based on first-past-the-post voting; the remaining 70, in a nationwide constituency based on proportional representation. Altogether, around 700 candidates competed in the single-seat constituencies, while over 1,100 candidates were included in the electoral lists for the nationwide constituency.

2004 Lithuanian parliamentary election

2004 Lithuanian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Lithuania on 10 October 2004, with a second round on 24 October 2004 in the constituencies where no candidate won a majority in the first round of voting. All 141 seats in the Seimas were up for election; 71 in single-seat constituencies elected by majority vote and the remaining 70 in a nationwide constituency based on proportional representation.

2008 Lithuanian parliamentary election

2008 Lithuanian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Lithuania on 12 October 2008, with a second round on 26 October in the constituencies where no candidate won a majority in the first round of voting. All 141 seats in the Seimas were up for election; 71 in single-seat constituencies elected by majority vote and the remaining 70 in a nationwide constituency based on proportional representation. Together with the elections, a referendum on extending the operation of Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant was held.

2009 European Parliament election in Lithuania

2009 European Parliament election in Lithuania

The 2009 European Parliament election in Lithuania was the election of the delegation from Lithuania to the European Parliament in 2009. It was a part of the wider 2009 European Parliament election. The Homeland Union doubled their representation from 2 to 4, whilst Labour shrank from 5 to 1.

2012 Lithuanian parliamentary election

2012 Lithuanian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Lithuania on 14 October 2012, with a second round on 28 October in the constituencies where no candidate won a majority in the first round of voting. All 141 seats in the Seimas were up for election; 71 in single-seat constituencies elected by majority vote and the remaining 70 in a nationwide constituency based on proportional representation. Together with the elections, a referendum on the construction of a new nuclear power plant was held.

European Conservatives and Reformists

European Conservatives and Reformists

The European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR) is a soft Eurosceptic, anti-federalist political group of the European Parliament. The ECR is the parliamentary group of the European Conservatives and Reformists Party European political party (formerly known as the Alliance of Conservatives and Reformists in Europe or Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, but also includes MEPs from four other European parties and thirteen MEPs without European party affiliation.

Law and Justice

Law and Justice

Law and Justice is a right-wing populist and national-conservative political party in Poland. Its chairman is Jarosław Kaczyński.

History

At the beginning of 1994 the law on social organisations was adopted. According to this law, social organisations had to transform into political parties or simply remain social organizations. Till that time the Association of Poles in Lithuania (LLA) was a public-political organisation. Thus it had the option to act both in social and political spheres. The Polish community which did not have its own party faced the difficult task of keeping the Association and simultaneously enabling its participation in the political life of Lithuania at the same time. The creation of the party required a lot of organizational effort. In this situation the central administration of the LLA convened the 5th Extraordinary Conference of the LLA on 14 August. During the Conference the decision was adopted to transform the APL into a social organisation and support the efforts of the group initiating the establishment of a party set up under the name of the Electoral Action of the LLA. Finally, on 23 October after pressure from the Lithuanian Ministry of Justice to remove the word 'Union' from the name of the party, it was registered as the Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania (LLRA). During the Founding Conference of 1994 and 1997 Jan Sienkiewicz was elected as LLRA leader. In 1999 during the 3rd LLRA Conference Valdemar Tomaševski became the chairman of the organisation. Moreover, Tomaševski was elected as leader in the 4th and 5th LLRA Conferences.

The LLRA takes part in various elections – starting with municipal through parliamentary and ending with the elections to the European Parliament in 2004. During the whole period of its existence the LLRA took part in defense of the interests of the Polish minority in Lithuania. The Union of the Russians of Lithuania had cooperated with the LLRA in elections, running within a common list in 2004.

In 2016, Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania changed its name to Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania – Christian Families Alliance.[7]

Ideology

The party's primary aim is not ideological, but the protection and enhancement of the rights of the Polish minority,[8] who make up 7% of Lithuania's population.[9] Their main policies include the restoration of land seized from Poles by the Soviet government, the improvement of the education system and allowing the use of the Polish language in schools, and giving official recognition to the Polish orthography of names.[6]

It supports a more influential political role for the Roman Catholic Church, mandatory religious education in schools,[10] and a reduction in the number of Lithuanian parliamentarians from 141 to 101 coupled to an increase in the number of local councillors. Since 2005, it unsuccessfully tried to submit bills to penalize abortion.[11]

In the past, LLRA's leader Valdemar Tomaszewski was considered to be a pro-Russian, since he had condemned the Euromaidan protests in Ukraine and had been seen wearing the Ribbon of Saint George, a symbol strongly associated with Russian nationalism and support for Vladimir Putin.[12] However, following the beginning of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Tomaszewski condemned Russia's actions and co-authored a motion in the European Parliament in support of Ukraine.[13][14]

Discover more about Ideology related topics

Poles in Lithuania

Poles in Lithuania

The Poles in Lithuania, also called Lithuanian Poles, estimated at 183,000 people in the Lithuanian census of 2021 or 6.5% of Lithuania's total population, are the country's largest ethnic minority.

Seimas

Seimas

The Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania, or simply the Seimas, is the unicameral parliament of Lithuania. The Seimas constitutes the legislative branch of government in Lithuania, enacting laws and amendments to the Constitution, passing the budget, confirming the Prime Minister and the Government and controlling their activities.

Russophilia

Russophilia

Russophilia is admiration and fondness of Russia, Russian history and Russian culture. The antonym is Russophobia. In the 19th Century, Russophilia was often linked to variants of Pan-Slavism, since the Russian Empire and the autonomous Serbia were the only two slav-associated sovereign states during and after Spring of Nations.

Euromaidan

Euromaidan

Euromaidan, or the Maidan Uprising, was a wave of demonstrations and civil unrest in Ukraine, which began on 21 November 2013 with large protests in Maidan Nezalezhnosti in Kyiv. The protests were sparked by President Viktor Yanukovych's sudden decision not to sign the European Union–Ukraine Association Agreement, instead choosing closer ties to Russia and the Eurasian Economic Union. Ukraine's parliament had overwhelmingly approved of finalizing the Agreement with the EU, but Russia had put pressure on Ukraine to reject it. The scope of the protests widened, with calls for the resignation of Yanukovych and the Azarov government. Protesters opposed what they saw as widespread government corruption, abuse of power, human rights violations, and the influence of oligarchs. Transparency International named Yanukovych as the top example of corruption in the world. The violent dispersal of protesters on 30 November caused further anger. Euromaidan led to the 2014 Revolution of Dignity.

Ribbon of Saint George

Ribbon of Saint George

The ribbon of Saint George is a Russian military symbol consisting of a black and orange bicolour pattern, with three black and two orange stripes. It appears as a component of many high military decorations awarded by the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and the current Russian Federation.

Russian nationalism

Russian nationalism

Russian nationalism is a form of nationalism that promotes Russian cultural identity and unity. Russian nationalism first rose to prominence in the early 19th century, and from its origin in the Russian Empire, to its repression during early Bolshevik rule, and its revival in the Soviet Union, it was closely related to pan-Slavism.

Vladimir Putin

Vladimir Putin

Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin is a Russian politician, former intelligence officer and fugitive wanted on war crimes charges, serving as the current president of Russia. Putin has served continuously as president or prime minister since 1999: as prime minister from 1999 to 2000 and from 2008 to 2012, and as president from 2000 to 2008 and since 2012.

European Parliament

European Parliament

The European Parliament (EP) is one of the legislative bodies of the European Union and one of its seven institutions. Together with the Council of the European Union, it adopts European legislation, following a proposal by the European Commission. The Parliament is composed of 705 members (MEPs). It represents the second-largest democratic electorate in the world, with an electorate of 375 million eligible voters in 2009.

External relations

LLRA is a member of the Europe-wide anti-federalist Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists (AECR), along with both Law and Justice from Poland. It is also member of the AECR's associated political grouping, the European Conservatives and Reformists, having resisted intensive lobbying from the Polish Civic Platform to join the EPP group,[8] to which Civic Platform belong and to which LLRA had been considered likely to join.[15] Its youth wing belongs to the European Young Conservatives.

The party currently sits with fellow centre-right party Freedom and Justice and the centre-left Lithuanian Regions Party in the "Regions Political Group" in the Seimas. They have agreed an electoral alliance with the Lithuanian Russian Union.

The party has received criticism from some Polish politicians for its support and connections to Russian politicians.[16] This ceased following the beginning of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, when the party condemned Russia's actions and took a pro-Ukraine stance.[13][14]

Discover more about External relations related topics

Law and Justice

Law and Justice

Law and Justice is a right-wing populist and national-conservative political party in Poland. Its chairman is Jarosław Kaczyński.

Political groups of the European Parliament

Political groups of the European Parliament

The political groups of the European Parliament are the officially recognised political groups consisting of legislators of aligned ideologies in the European Parliament.

European Conservatives and Reformists

European Conservatives and Reformists

The European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR) is a soft Eurosceptic, anti-federalist political group of the European Parliament. The ECR is the parliamentary group of the European Conservatives and Reformists Party European political party (formerly known as the Alliance of Conservatives and Reformists in Europe or Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, but also includes MEPs from four other European parties and thirteen MEPs without European party affiliation.

Civic Platform

Civic Platform

Civic Platform is a political party in Poland. It is currently led by Donald Tusk.

European Young Conservatives

European Young Conservatives

The European Young Conservatives (EYC) is a grouping of youth wings of conservative and centre-right political parties in Europe.

Freedom and Justice

Freedom and Justice

Freedom and Justice (Lithuanian: Laisvė ir Teisingumas, LT), known until 6 June 2020 as the Lithuanian Freedom Union (Liberals) (Lithuanian: Lietuvos Laisvės Sąjunga (Liberalai)), is a conservative liberal political party in Lithuania. It holds soft eurosceptic views.

Lithuanian Regions Party

Lithuanian Regions Party

The Lithuanian Regions Party, also translated as the Lithuanian Party of Regions, is a social-democratic political party in Lithuania. It was founded in 2018 as the Social Democratic Labour Party of Lithuania following a split of members from Social Democratic Party of Lithuania following the LSDP's decision to exit a coalition government with the Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union in 2017.

Seimas

Seimas

The Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania, or simply the Seimas, is the unicameral parliament of Lithuania. The Seimas constitutes the legislative branch of government in Lithuania, enacting laws and amendments to the Constitution, passing the budget, confirming the Prime Minister and the Government and controlling their activities.

Electoral alliance

Electoral alliance

An electoral alliance is an association of political parties or individuals that exists solely to stand in elections.

Lithuanian Russian Union

Lithuanian Russian Union

The Lithuanian Russian Union is a political party in Lithuania that represents Russians in Lithuania.

Electoral results

Seimas

Election Votes[a] % Seats +/– Government
1992 39,772 2.1 (#7)
4 / 141
 Opposition
1996 40,941 3.1 (#9)
1 / 141
 Decrease 3 Opposition
2000 28,641 1.9 (#10)
2 / 141
 Increase 1 Coalition (2000–2001)
Opposition (2001–2004)
2004 45,302 3.8 (#7)
2 / 141
 Steady Opposition
2008 59,237 4.8 (#8)
3 / 141
 Increase 1 Opposition
2012 79,840 5.8 (#7)
8 / 141
 Increase 5 Coalition (2012–2014)
Opposition (2014–2016)
2016 69,810 5.7 (#6)
8 / 141
 Steady Opposition (2016–2019)
Coalition (2019–2020)
2020 56,386 5.0 (#7)
3 / 141
 Decrease 5 Opposition
  1. ^ Proportional representation votes

European Parliament

Election Votes % Seats +/–
2004 68,937 5.7 (#7)
0 / 13
2009 46,293 8.2 (#5)
1 / 12
 Increase 1
2014 92,108 8.0 (#6)
1 / 11
 Steady
2019 69,263 5.5 (#7)
1 / 11
 Steady

Municipal councils

Municipality Votes[17] Seats Mayor
Vilnius 23,892
7 / 51
 No
Vilnius District Municipality 21,127
18 / 31
 No
Šalčininkai District Municipality 12,134
21 / 25
 Yes
Trakai District Municipality 2,683
6 / 25
 No
Švenčionys District Municipality 997
2 / 25
 No
Visaginas Municipality 684
2 / 25
 No
Širvintos District Municipality 317
1 / 21
 No

Discover more about Electoral results related topics

1992 Lithuanian parliamentary election

1992 Lithuanian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Lithuania in two stages on 25 October and 15 November 1992. A total of 141 members were elected to the Seimas, which replaced the Supreme Council; 70 were elected using proportional representation and 71 from single-member constituencies. Where no candidate in the single-member constituecies received more than 50% of the vote on 25 October, a run-off was held on 15 November. The first round of the elections were held simultaneously with a referendum on the adoption of a new constitution.

1996 Lithuanian parliamentary election

1996 Lithuanian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Lithuania in two stages on 20 October and 10 November 1996. All 141 seats in the Seimas were up for election; 70 based on proportional party lists and 71 in single member constituencies. Where no candidate gained more than 50% of the vote on 20 October, a run-off was held on 10 November.

2000 Lithuanian parliamentary election

2000 Lithuanian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Lithuania on 8 October 2000. All 141 seats in the Seimas were up for election, 71 of them in single-seat constituencies based on first-past-the-post voting; the remaining 70, in a nationwide constituency based on proportional representation. Altogether, around 700 candidates competed in the single-seat constituencies, while over 1,100 candidates were included in the electoral lists for the nationwide constituency.

2004 Lithuanian parliamentary election

2004 Lithuanian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Lithuania on 10 October 2004, with a second round on 24 October 2004 in the constituencies where no candidate won a majority in the first round of voting. All 141 seats in the Seimas were up for election; 71 in single-seat constituencies elected by majority vote and the remaining 70 in a nationwide constituency based on proportional representation.

2008 Lithuanian parliamentary election

2008 Lithuanian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Lithuania on 12 October 2008, with a second round on 26 October in the constituencies where no candidate won a majority in the first round of voting. All 141 seats in the Seimas were up for election; 71 in single-seat constituencies elected by majority vote and the remaining 70 in a nationwide constituency based on proportional representation. Together with the elections, a referendum on extending the operation of Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant was held.

2012 Lithuanian parliamentary election

2012 Lithuanian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Lithuania on 14 October 2012, with a second round on 28 October in the constituencies where no candidate won a majority in the first round of voting. All 141 seats in the Seimas were up for election; 71 in single-seat constituencies elected by majority vote and the remaining 70 in a nationwide constituency based on proportional representation. Together with the elections, a referendum on the construction of a new nuclear power plant was held.

2016 Lithuanian parliamentary election

2016 Lithuanian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Lithuania on 9 and 23 October 2016 to elect the 141 members of the Seimas. 71 were elected in single-member constituencies using the two-round system, and the remaining 70 in a single nationwide constituency using proportional representation. The first round was held on 9 October and the second round on 23 October.

2020 Lithuanian parliamentary election

2020 Lithuanian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Lithuania on 11 and 25 October 2020 to elect the 141 members of the Seimas. 71 were elected in single-member constituencies using the two-round system, and the remaining 70 in a single nationwide constituency using proportional representation. The first round was held on 11 October and the second round on 25 October.

2004 European Parliament election in Lithuania

2004 European Parliament election in Lithuania

The 2004 European Parliament election in Lithuania was the election of MEP representing Lithuania constituency for the 2004–2009 term of the European Parliament. It was part of the wider 2004 European election. The vote took place on 13 June 2004.

2009 European Parliament election in Lithuania

2009 European Parliament election in Lithuania

The 2009 European Parliament election in Lithuania was the election of the delegation from Lithuania to the European Parliament in 2009. It was a part of the wider 2009 European Parliament election. The Homeland Union doubled their representation from 2 to 4, whilst Labour shrank from 5 to 1.

2014 European Parliament election in Lithuania

2014 European Parliament election in Lithuania

The 2014 European Parliament election in Lithuania was an election of the delegation from Lithuania to the European Parliament in 2014. It was part of the wider 2014 European election.

2019 European Parliament election in Lithuania

2019 European Parliament election in Lithuania

The 2019 European Parliament election in Lithuania was held on 26 May 2019 to elect delegation from Lithuania to the European Parliament. It was part of the wider 2019 European election. The second round of the 2019 Lithuanian presidential election took place at the same time.

Leaders

Members of Parliament before 2019 election

Parliamentarian Since
Zbignev Jedinskij 2012
Vanda Kravčionok 2012
Juzef Kvetkovskij 2012
Michal Mackevič 2008
Jaroslav Narkevič 2008
Irina Rozova 2004–2008; since 2012
Leonard Talmont 2008
Rita Tamašunienė 2012

Discover more about Members of Parliament before 2019 election related topics

Vanda Kravčionok

Vanda Kravčionok

Vanda Kravčionok is a politician from the Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania and a member of the Twelfth Seimas of Lithuania. She is the deputy chairperson of the Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania – Christian Families Alliance group.

Michal Mackevič

Michal Mackevič

Michal Mackevič is a Lithuanian Polish journalist, politician, president of the Association of Poles in Lithuania, and member of the Lithuanian Seimas. He was also the founder and editor-in-chief of Magazyn Wileński.

Jaroslav Narkevič

Jaroslav Narkevič

Jaroslav Narkevič is a Lithuanian politician. He served as Minister of Transport and Communications in the cabinet of Prime Minister Saulius Skvernelis from 7 August 2019 to 11 December 2020.

Irina Rozova

Irina Rozova

Irina Rozova is a journalist and politician from Lithuania. A member of the Russian Alliance party, she served in the Seimas on the Lithuanian Poles' Electoral Action-Christian Family Association Group election list.

Rita Tamašunienė

Rita Tamašunienė

Rita Tamašunienė is a politician of the Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania and member of the Twelfth Seimas of Lithuania. She served as Minister of the Interior from August 2019 to December 2020.

Source: "Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania – Christian Families Alliance", Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, (2023, March 20th), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral_Action_of_Poles_in_Lithuania_–_Christian_Families_Alliance.

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Further Reading

Seimas

Order and Justice

Elections in Lithuania

2004 Lithuanian parliamentary election

Poles in Lithuania

2009 Lithuanian presidential election

Arūnas Valinskas

Waldemar Tomaszewski

People and Justice Union

1996 Lithuanian parliamentary election

2012 Lithuanian parliamentary election

2014 Lithuanian presidential election

Young Lithuania

2016 Lithuanian parliamentary election

2019 Lithuanian presidential election

2020 Lithuanian parliamentary election
See also
References
  1. ^ a b c Nordsieck, Wolfram (2020). "Lithuania". Parties and Elections in Europe. Retrieved 27 October 2020.
  2. ^ a b c King, Gundar J.; McNabb, David. E (2015). Nation-Building in the Baltic States: Transforming Governance, Social Welfare, and Security in Northern Europe. CRC Press. p. 115. ISBN 978-1482250718.
  3. ^ "European Social Survey 2014 Appendix A3" (PDF). European Social Survey. 2014. p. 22.
  4. ^ Kaniok, Petr; Hloušek, Vít (2016). "Euroscepticism and the prospects of future enlargement of the EU" (PDF). p. 6. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  5. ^ "2023 m. savivaldybių tarybų rinkimai - vrk.lt". vrk.lt.
  6. ^ a b "Lithuanian coalition". Warsaw Business Journal. 24 April 2006. Retrieved 31 May 2012.
  7. ^ "Pavadinimas LLRA-KŠS – oficialiai įregistruotas". LLRA-KŠS (in Lithuanian). 16 June 2016. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
  8. ^ a b Bale, Tim; Hanley, Seán; Szczerbiak, Aleks (2010). "'May Contain Nuts'? The Reality behind the Rhetoric Surrounding the British Conservatives' New Group in the European Parliament". The Political Quarterly. 81 (1): 85–98. doi:10.1111/j.1467-923X.2009.02067.x.
  9. ^ Sawicki, Krzysztof (2009). Raport o sytuacji Polonii i Polaków za granicą: 2009 (PDF) (in Polish). Warszawa: Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych, Polski Instytut Spraw Międzynarodowych. p. 141. ISBN 978-83-89607-81-2. Retrieved 9 September 2011.
  10. ^ "LLRA pirmininku perrinktas V. Tomaševskis norėtų būti premjeras (papildyta)". Archived from the original on 5 May 2012. Retrieved 6 December 2019.
  11. ^ Human Rights Monitoring Institute, "Polish Minority Party Wants to Ban Abortions in Lithuania", Liberties, 28 February 2017
  12. ^ "Stirring the pot". The Economist. 3 March 2015. ISSN 0013-0613.
  13. ^ a b "Europoseł Tomaszewski współautorem rezolucji PE wspierającej Ukrainę". AWPL-ZCHR (in Polish). Retrieved 22 November 2022.
  14. ^ a b "2 marca Msza Święta w intecji pokoju na Ukrainie". AWPL-ZCHR (in Polish). Retrieved 22 November 2022.
  15. ^ "Polski eurodeputowany z Litwy w EPP?". Rzeczpospolita. 9 June 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2012.
  16. ^ Gielewska, Anna; Dzierżanowski, Marcin (25 June 2018). "Do Polonii Litewskiej przenikają ludzie Kremla? Polskie władze zbadają sprawę". WPROST.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 28 May 2019.
  17. ^ "2023 m. savivaldybių tarybų rinkimai - vrk.lt". vrk.lt.
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