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Downtown Brooklyn

From Wikipedia, in a visual modern way
Downtown Brooklyn
Neighborhood of Brooklyn
Central Business District
Skyline of Downtown Brooklyn seen from One World Trade Center
Skyline of Downtown Brooklyn seen from One World Trade Center
Map
Location in New York City
Coordinates: 40°41′38″N 73°59′14″W / 40.69389°N 73.98722°W / 40.69389; -73.98722Coordinates: 40°41′38″N 73°59′14″W / 40.69389°N 73.98722°W / 40.69389; -73.98722
Country United States
State New York
City New York City
Borough Brooklyn
Community DistrictBrooklyn 2[1]
Area
 • Total0.433 sq mi (1.12 km2)
Population
 (2010)
 • Total7,053
 • Density16,000/sq mi (6,300/km2)
Economics
 • Median income$110,436
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Zip Codes
11201, 11217
Area code718, 347, 929, and 917

Downtown Brooklyn is the third largest central business district in New York City (after Midtown Manhattan and Lower Manhattan[2]), and is located in the northwestern section of the borough of Brooklyn. The neighborhood is known for its office and residential buildings, such as the Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower and the MetroTech Center office complex.

Since the rezoning of Downtown Brooklyn in 2004, the area has been undergoing a transformation, with $9 billion of private investment and $300 million in public improvements underway. The area is a growing hub for education. In 2017, New York University announced that it would invest over $500 million to renovate and expand the NYU Tandon School of Engineering and its surrounding Downtown Brooklyn-based campus.[3]

Downtown Brooklyn is part of Brooklyn Community District 2 and its primary ZIP Codes are 11201 and 11217.[1] It is patrolled by the 84th Precinct of the New York City Police Department.[4]

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Central business district

Central business district

A central business district (CBD) is the commercial and business center of a city. It contains commercial space and offices, and in larger cities will often be described as a financial district. Geographically, it often coincides with the "city center" or "downtown". However, these concepts are not necessarily synonymous: many cities have a central business district located away from its commercial and or cultural center and or downtown/city center, and there may be multiple CBDs within a single urban area. The CBD will often be characterised by a high degree of accessibility as well as a large variety and concentration of specialised goods and services compared to other parts of the city. For instance, Midtown Manhattan, New York City, is the largest central business district in the city and the world. London's city center is usually regarded as encompassing the historic City of London and the medieval City of Westminster, while the City of London and the transformed Docklands area containing Canary Wharf are regarded as their two respective CBDs. In Chicago, the Chicago Loop is the second-largest central business district in the United States. It is also referred to as the core of the city's downtown. Mexico City also has its own historic city center, the colonial-era "Centro Histórico," along with two CBDs: the mid-late 20th century Paseo de la Reforma – Polanco, and the new Santa Fe, respectively. Moscow and Russia's largest central business district is the Moscow International Business Center.

New York City

New York City

New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over 300.46 square miles (778.2 km2), New York City is the most densely populated major city in the United States and more than twice as populous as Los Angeles, the nation's second-largest city. New York City is located at the southern tip of New York State. It constitutes the geographical and demographic center of both the Northeast megalopolis and the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the U.S. by both population and urban area. With over 20.1 million people in its metropolitan statistical area and 23.5 million in its combined statistical area as of 2020, New York is one of the world's most populous megacities, and over 58 million people live within 250 mi (400 km) of the city. New York City is a global cultural, financial, entertainment, and media center with a significant influence on commerce, health care and life sciences, research, technology, education, politics, tourism, dining, art, fashion, and sports. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy, and is sometimes described as the capital of the world.

Midtown Manhattan

Midtown Manhattan

Midtown Manhattan is the central portion of the New York City borough of Manhattan and serves as the city's primary central business district. Midtown is home to some of the city's most prominent buildings, including the Empire State Building, the Chrysler Building, the Hudson Yards Redevelopment Project, the headquarters of the United Nations, Grand Central Terminal, and Rockefeller Center, as well as several prominent tourist destinations including Broadway, Times Square, and Koreatown. Penn Station in Midtown Manhattan is the busiest transportation hub in the Western Hemisphere.

Lower Manhattan

Lower Manhattan

Lower Manhattan, also known as Downtown Manhattan or Downtown New York City, is the southernmost part of Manhattan, the central borough for business, culture, and government in New York City, which is the most populated city in the United States with over 8.8 million residents as of the 2020 census.

Brooklyn

Brooklyn

Brooklyn is a borough of New York City, coextensive with Kings County, in the U.S. state of New York. Kings County is the most populous county in the State of New York, and the second-most densely populated county in the United States, behind New York County (Manhattan). Brooklyn is also New York City's most populous borough, with 2,736,074 residents in 2020.

Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower

Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower

The Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower, also known as One Hanson Place, is a skyscraper in the Fort Greene neighborhood of Brooklyn in New York City. Located at the northeast corner of Ashland Place and Hanson Place near Downtown Brooklyn, the tower is one of Brooklyn's architectural icons. The tower was designed by Halsey, McCormack and Helmer and constructed from 1927 to 1929 as the new headquarters for the Williamsburgh Savings Bank. From the time of its construction until 2009, One Hanson Place was the tallest building in Brooklyn at 41 stories and 512 feet (156 m) tall.

Zoning in the United States

Zoning in the United States

In the United States, zoning includes various land use laws falling under the police power rights of state governments and local governments to exercise authority over privately owned real property. Zoning laws in major cities originated with the Los Angeles zoning ordinances of 1904 and the New York City 1916 Zoning Resolution. Early zoning regulations were in some cases motivated by racism and classism, particularly with regard to those mandating single-family housing. Zoning ordinances did not allow African-Americans moving into or using residences that were occupied by majority whites due to the fact that their presence would decrease the value of home. The constitutionality of zoning ordinances was upheld by the Supreme Court of the United States in Village of Euclid, Ohio v. Ambler Realty Co. in 1926.

New York University

New York University

New York University (NYU) is a private research university in New York City. Chartered in 1831 by the New York State Legislature, NYU was founded by a group of New Yorkers led by then-Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin.

New York University Tandon School of Engineering

New York University Tandon School of Engineering

The New York University Tandon School of Engineering is the engineering and applied sciences school of New York University. Tandon is the second oldest private engineering and technology school in the United States.

Brooklyn Community Board 2

Brooklyn Community Board 2

Brooklyn Community Board 2 is a New York City community board that encompasses the Brooklyn neighborhoods of Downtown Brooklyn, Brooklyn Heights, DUMBO, Vinegar Hill, Fulton Mall, Boerum Hill, Fort Greene, Brooklyn Navy Yard, Fulton Ferry, and Clinton Hill. It is delimited by the East River on the west and the north, by Kent and Classon Avenues on the east, and by Atlantic Avenue, Pacific Street, Fourth Avenue, Warren, and Court Streets on the south.

ZIP Code

ZIP Code

A ZIP Code is a postal code used by the United States Postal Service (USPS). Introduced on July 1, 1963, the basic format consisted of five digits. In 1983, an extended ZIP+4 code was introduced; it included the five digits of the ZIP Code, followed by a hyphen and four digits that designated a more specific location.

New York City Police Department

New York City Police Department

The New York City Police Department (NYPD), officially the City of New York Police Department, is the primary municipal law enforcement agency within the City of New York. Established on May 23, 1845, the NYPD is the largest, and one of the oldest, municipal police departments in the United States.

History

Early development

The Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower, a prominent symbol of Downtown Brooklyn
The Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower, a prominent symbol of Downtown Brooklyn

This area was originally inhabited by Lenape Native Americans, until the 17th century. The area close to the Wallabout Bay was called Rinnegokonk.[5] At that time the Dutch arrived, gained control of the land, and called it Breuckelen. The waterfront area being sold by Indians to Joris Jansen Rapelje, who used the land for farm purposes. Until 1814, Downtown Brooklyn and Brooklyn Heights remained sparsely populated. Robert Fulton’s new steam ferry then began to offer an easy commuting option to and from downtown Manhattan. It made Brooklyn Heights Manhattan’s first suburb, and put Downtown Brooklyn on its way to becoming a commercial center, and the heart of the City of Brooklyn.

The city was home to many prominent abolitionists at a time when most of New York was indifferent to slavery. Many Brooklyn churches agitated against legalized slavery in the 1850s and 1860s and some acted as safehouses as part of the Underground Railroad movement. Walt Whitman was fired from his job as a reporter at the Brooklyn Eagle due to his support for the Wilmot Proviso when he lived at Willoughby and Myrtle Avenues. A group of buildings at 223, 225, 227, 231, 233, and 235 Duffield Street, in addition to the African Wesleyan Methodist Episcopal Church located in MetroTech Center, were believed to be among the safehouses.[6]

The middle 19th century growth of the Port of New York caused shipping to spill over into the City of Brooklyn; many buildings now used for other purposes were built as warehouses and factories. Manufacturing intensified with the building of the Brooklyn and Manhattan Bridges; buildings from that time include the 1915 Sperry Gyroscope Company building, now known as the Howard Building of the New York City College of Technology.[7] New, extensive infrastructure served the Brooklyn Bridge trolleys.

20th century

Adams Street/Brooklyn Bridge Boulevard, a major corridor through Downtown Brooklyn
Adams Street/Brooklyn Bridge Boulevard, a major corridor through Downtown Brooklyn
Tillary Street, another major corridor
Tillary Street, another major corridor

Following World War II, the City Planning Commission, in conjunction with the Borough President’s Office, presented and adopted a Master Plan for the Civic Center, which included an ambitious public improvements program. The program included plans for new buildings for City and State agencies, significant street widening and major housing construction in adjacent areas. A study conducted eight years later highlighted the progress made, emphasizing the widening of Adams Street (and later Boerum Place), which created a long and sweeping approach to Downtown Brooklyn from a modernized Brooklyn Bridge.

By the late 1960s, the patterns of transition that affected much of urban America initiated concern to protect the borough’s Central Business District from deterioration. In 1969, a comprehensive plan for the entire city was completed and in the report the City Planning Commission stated, "Downtown Brooklyn’s economy is vital to the borough and important to the entire metropolitan region." In re-affirming Downtown Brooklyn’s central role and identifying its problems, the Plan was optimistic that a combination of public and private efforts would stimulate office and commercial construction. A 23-story privately financed office tower at Boerum Place and Livingston Street opened in 1971 and the anticipated growth of the Brooklyn Academy of Music (BAM) succeeded far beyond expectations, giving this cultural institution an important role as a symbolic anchor amid increasing decay during the following decade.

After suffering with the rest of New York through the fiscal crisis of the mid-1970s, Borough President Howard Golden, first elected in 1977, moved forward with a more aggressive economic development program to revitalize Downtown Brooklyn. He identified the need for greater equity in resource allocation between Manhattan and the city’s other boroughs. An important moment in the history of Downtown Brooklyn came in 1983 with the release of a Regional Plan Association report for the area. According to the document, Downtown Brooklyn could become the city’s third-largest business district because of its proximity to Lower Manhattan (closer by subway than Midtown). It also could serve as a prime location for high technology industries and new market-rate housing. The State Street Houses Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.[8]

Rezoning

Historically, Downtown Brooklyn was primarily a commercial and civic center, with relatively little residential development. Housing included a few apartment buildings on Livingston Street, and seven 15-story buildings that make up the over 1,000 unit Concord Village co-op development on Adams Street, at the borders of both Brooklyn Heights and Dumbo.

Lawrence Street in Downtown Brooklyn
Lawrence Street in Downtown Brooklyn

Since the rezoning of parts of Downtown Brooklyn in 2004 to allow for denser residential development, the area has seen the arrival of new condominium towers, townhouses, and office conversions. In all, 14,000 residential units were planned for Downtown Brooklyn at that time. A New York Sun article from November 7, 2007, reports on the arrival of Downtown Brooklyn as a 24/7 community, estimating that 35,000 residents will come to the area in the next five years.[9] In January 2008, residents started moving into the new residential buildings, according to a New York Sun article.[10]

The New York City Department of City Planning approved another, significant rezoning for portions of Downtown Brooklyn, including the Fulton Mall area, which resulted in significant expansion of office space and ground-floor retail, such as those at City Point.[6] The rezoning consists of "zoning map and zoning text changes, new public open spaces, pedestrian and transit improvements, urban renewal, [and] street mappings".[11] The City Planning initiative also seeks to improve the connections between Downtown and the adjacent neighborhoods of Cobble Hill, Boerum Hill, and Fort Greene.

As of March 2012, the rezoning of Downtown Brooklyn had caused gentrification in nearby neighborhoods.[6] Affordable housing was created in the area after the 2004 rezoning, with 420 affordable units in 2014. The housing increase has also resulted in positive effects on other aspects of Downtown Brooklyn's economy as well, with revenues for the area's hospitality industry having tripled since 2004.[12]

Some of this gentrification was controversial, however. In 2007, the city government was to acquire the houses at 223–235 Duffield Street via eminent domain, then demolish the houses and replace them with 500 new hotel rooms, 1,000 units of mixed-income housing, more than 500,000 square feet of retail space, and at least 125,000 square feet of new office space in the area; however, only 231 Duffield Street was replaced by a hotel.[6] Still, this caused historians to protest over the planned demolition of the historic houses because of their importance to abolitionists during the American Civil War.[13]

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Lenape

Lenape

The Lenape also called the Lenni Lenape, and Delaware people, are an Indigenous people of the Northeastern Woodlands, who live in the United States and Canada.

Native Americans in the United States

Native Americans in the United States

Native Americans, also known as American Indians, First Americans, Indigenous Americans, and other terms, are the Indigenous peoples of the mainland United States. There are 574 federally recognized tribes living within the US, about half of which are associated with Indian reservations. As defined by the United States Census, "Native Americans" are Indigenous tribes that are originally from the contiguous United States, along with Alaska Natives. Indigenous peoples of the United States who are not listed as American Indian or Alaska Native include Native Hawaiians, Samoan Americans, and Chamorros. The US Census groups these peoples as "Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islanders".

Joris Jansen Rapelje

Joris Jansen Rapelje

Joris Jansen Rapelje was a member of the Council of Twelve Men in the Dutch West India Company colony of New Netherland. He and his wife Catalina (Catalyntje) Trico (1605–1689) were among the earliest settlers in New Netherland.

Robert Fulton

Robert Fulton

Robert Fulton was an American engineer and inventor who is widely credited with developing the world's first commercially successful steamboat, the North River Steamboat. In 1807, that steamboat traveled on the Hudson River with passengers from New York City to Albany and back again, a round trip of 300 nautical miles, in 62 hours. The success of his steamboat changed river traffic and trade on major American rivers.

Commuting

Commuting

Commuting is periodically recurring travel between one's place of residence and place of work or study, where the traveler, referred to as a commuter, leaves the boundary of their home community. By extension, it can sometimes be any regular or often repeated travel between locations, even when not work-related. The modes of travel, time taken and distance traveled in commuting varies widely across the globe. Most people in least-developed countries continue to walk to work. The cheapest method of commuting after walking is usually by bicycle, so this is common in low-income countries, but is also increasingly practised by people in wealthier countries for environmental and health reasons. In middle-income countries, motorcycle commuting is very common. The next technology adopted as countries develop is more dependent on location: in more populous, older cities, especially in Eurasia mass transit predominates, while in smaller, younger cities, and large parts of North America and Australasia, commuting by personal automobile is more common. A small number of very wealthy people, and those working in remote locations around the world, also commute by air travel, often for a week or more at a time rather than the more typical daily commute. Transportation links that enable commuting also impact the physical layout of cities and regions, allowing a distinction to arise between mostly-residential suburbs and the more economically focused urban core of a city, but the specifics of how that distinction is realized remain drastically different between societies, with Eurasian "suburbs" often being more densely populated than North American "urban cores".

Suburb

Suburb

A suburb, more broadly suburban area, is an area within a metropolitan area that is primarily a residential area, though may also include commercial and mixed-use areas. A suburb can exist either as part of a larger city/urban area or as a separate political entity. The name describes an area which is not as densely populated as an inner city, yet more densely populated than a rural area in the countryside. In many metropolitan areas, suburbs exist as separate residential communities within commuting distance of a city Suburbs can have their own political or legal jurisdiction, especially in the United States, but this is not always the case, especially in the United Kingdom, where most suburbs are located within the administrative boundaries of cities. In most English-speaking countries, suburban areas are defined in contrast to central or inner city areas, but in Australian English and South African English, suburb has become largely synonymous with what is called a "neighborhood" in the US, and the term encompasses inner city areas.

Abolitionism in the United States

Abolitionism in the United States

In the United States, abolitionism, the movement that sought to end slavery in the country, was active from the late colonial era until the American Civil War, the end of which brought about the abolition of American slavery through the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

Myrtle Avenue

Myrtle Avenue

Myrtle Avenue is a 8.1-mile-long (13.0 km) street that runs from Duffield Street in Downtown Brooklyn to Jamaica Avenue in Richmond Hill, Queens, in New York City, United States.

Brooklyn Bridge

Brooklyn Bridge

The Brooklyn Bridge is a hybrid cable-stayed/suspension bridge in New York City, spanning the East River between the boroughs of Manhattan and Brooklyn. Opened on May 24, 1883, the Brooklyn Bridge was the first fixed crossing of the East River. It was also the longest suspension bridge in the world at the time of its opening, with a main span of 1,595.5 feet (486.3 m) and a deck 127 ft (38.7 m) above mean high water. The span was originally called the New York and Brooklyn Bridge or the East River Bridge but was officially renamed the Brooklyn Bridge in 1915.

Manhattan Bridge

Manhattan Bridge

The Manhattan Bridge is a suspension bridge that crosses the East River in New York City, connecting Lower Manhattan at Canal Street with Downtown Brooklyn at the Flatbush Avenue Extension. The main span is 1,480 ft (451 m) long, with the suspension cables being 3,224 ft (983 m) long. The bridge's total length is 6,855 ft (2,089 m). It is one of four toll-free vehicular bridges connecting Manhattan Island to Long Island; the nearby Brooklyn Bridge is just slightly further downtown, while the Queensboro and Williamsburg bridges are to the north.

New York City College of Technology

New York City College of Technology

The New York City College of Technology is a public college in New York City. Founded in 1946, it is the City University of New York's college of technology.

Brooklyn Bridge trolleys

Brooklyn Bridge trolleys

From 1898 to 1950, various companies operated local trolley lines over the Brooklyn Bridge, taking passengers from many points in Brooklyn and Queens, New York City, United States to the Park Row terminal in Lower Manhattan. These lines entered the bridge roadway from Fulton Street or Sands Street in Downtown Brooklyn, some of them using elevated trackage at the Sands Street elevated railway station.

Structures

Brooklyn Borough Hall with holiday lighting
Brooklyn Borough Hall with holiday lighting

Downtown Brooklyn is the civic and commercial downtown center of the former City of Brooklyn, which, as of 2020, has more than 2.7 million residents. Alongside immediately adjacent neighborhoods, the general area encompasses Brooklyn Borough Hall, the Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg Municipal Building, the Kings County New York State Courthouse and the Eastern District of New York's Theodore Roosevelt United States Courthouse. Schools include Brooklyn Technical High School (one of the city's nine selective specialized high schools), Brooklyn Friends School, Bishop Loughlin Memorial High School, St. Francis College, St. Joseph's College, Brooklyn Law School, New York University's Tandon School of Engineering, the Center for Urban Science and Progress, the New York City College of Technology and Long Island University's Brooklyn campus. Attractions within the area include the Fulton Mall, the Brooklyn Academy of Music, the New York Transit Museum and Barclays Center.

Three days a week the Borough Hall Greenmarket, featuring fresh produce from local farmers, operates on the plaza fronting Borough Hall. Formerly called Supreme Court Plaza, the location was renamed as Columbus Park in 1986.

Points of interest

MetroTech Center, a business and educational center, lies between Flatbush Avenue and Jay Street, above the Jay Street – MetroTech subway station, north of the Fulton Street Mall, and south of the busy Tillary Street.[14][15]

The original location of Junior's, founded by Harry Rosen in 1950.[16] The building, at the corner of DeKalb Avenue and Flatbush Avenue Extension, is 17,000 square feet of red-and-white-striped menus, flashbulb-adorned signs, rust-colored booths and a wooden bar. A shrine to the Brooklyn of old, it has become a must-visit for politicians from borough presidents to President Barack Obama, who bought two cheesecakes and a couple of black-and-white cookies during an October 2013 visit with Bill de Blasio.[17]

9 DeKalb Avenue, a residential skyscraper currently under construction adjacent to the Dime Savings Bank of New York. Once complete, it will become the first supertall building in Brooklyn and the tallest structure in New York City outside of Manhattan.[18][19]

Cadman Plaza Park, named for prominent Brooklyn-based liberal Protestant clergyman S. Parkes Cadman, provides 10 acres (40,000 m2) of green space in the neighborhood, and was recently renovated by the New York City Parks Department. These and other parks form a long mall from Borough Hall to Brooklyn Bridge. A new park is also planned for the area, known as the Willoughby Square Park.[20][21]

Panoramic view of the Downtown Brooklyn skyline
Panoramic view of the Downtown Brooklyn skyline

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Brooklyn Borough Hall

Brooklyn Borough Hall

Brooklyn Borough Hall is a building in Downtown Brooklyn, New York City. It was designed by architects Calvin Pollard and Gamaliel King in the Greek Revival style, and constructed of Tuckahoe marble under the supervision of superintendent Stephen Haynes.

Downtown

Downtown

Downtown is a term primarily used in North America by English speakers to refer to a city's sometimes commercial, cultural and often the historical, political and geographic heart. It is often synonymous with its central business district (CBD). Downtowns typically contain a small percentage of a city’s employment. In some metropolitan areas it is marked by a cluster of tall buildings, cultural institutions and the convergence of rail transit and bus lines. In British English, the term "city centre" is most often used instead.

Brooklyn Municipal Building

Brooklyn Municipal Building

The Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg Municipal Building was built in 1924. Designed by McKenzie, Voorhees & Gmelin, the construction cost $5,800,000. It is located at 210 Joralemon Street. It contains a branch of the New York City Clerk's office and branch offices for the Departments of Buildings, Probation, Finance, and Environmental Protection. In July 2012, the Landmark Preservation Commission approved an upgrade to the first few stories and add much commercial signage. In 2016, renovation was done on two cellar levels and two floors.

Brooklyn Technical High School

Brooklyn Technical High School

Brooklyn Technical High School, commonly called Brooklyn Tech and administratively designated High School 430, is an elite public high school in New York City that specializes in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. It is one of three original specialized high schools operated by the New York City Department of Education, along with Stuyvesant High School and the Bronx High School of Science. Brooklyn Tech is considered one of the country's most prestigious and selective high schools. Brooklyn Tech is ranked #6 in New York City and #46 overall in the United States for college readiness and graduation rates.

Brooklyn Friends School

Brooklyn Friends School

Brooklyn Friends School is a school at 375 Pearl Street in Downtown Brooklyn, New York City. Brooklyn Friends School (BFS) is an independent, college preparatory Quaker school serving a culturally diverse educational community of approximately 900 students as of 2017–18, from preschool through 12th grade.

Bishop Loughlin Memorial High School

Bishop Loughlin Memorial High School

Bishop Loughlin Memorial High School is a private, Roman Catholic, co-educational, college-preparatory high school located at 357 Clermont Avenue in the Ft. Greene neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York. The school serves students in grades 9 through 12. Loughlin was founded in 1851 and was the first high school in the Diocese of Brooklyn (1853), but today is run independently by the Christian Brothers in the Lasallian educational tradition.

Brooklyn Law School

Brooklyn Law School

Brooklyn Law School (BLS) is a private law school in New York City. Founded in 1901, it has approximately 1,100 students. Brooklyn Law School's faculty includes 60 full-time faculty, 15 emeriti faculty, and a number of adjunct faculty.

New York University

New York University

New York University (NYU) is a private research university in New York City. Chartered in 1831 by the New York State Legislature, NYU was founded by a group of New Yorkers led by then-Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin.

New York University Tandon School of Engineering

New York University Tandon School of Engineering

The New York University Tandon School of Engineering is the engineering and applied sciences school of New York University. Tandon is the second oldest private engineering and technology school in the United States.

Center for Urban Science and Progress

Center for Urban Science and Progress

The NYU Center for Urban Science and Progress is a degree-granting technology and research institute in downtown Brooklyn, New York City. It is a graduate school of New York University focusing on urban informatics. The Center, first opened in September 2013, is inside NYU's 370 Jay Street building.

Long Island University

Long Island University

Long Island University (LIU) is a private university with two main campuses, LIU Post and LIU Brooklyn, in the U.S. state of New York. It offers more than 500 academic programs at its main campuses, online, and at multiple non-residential. LIU has NCAA Division I athletics and hosts the annual George Polk Awards in journalism.

LIU Brooklyn

LIU Brooklyn

LIU Brooklyn is a private university in Brooklyn, New York. It is the original unit and first of two main campuses of the private Long Island University system.

Bridge Plaza

Main article: Bridge Plaza, Brooklyn

At the northeastern corner of Downtown Brooklyn is Bridge Plaza, bounded by Flatbush Avenue Extension and Manhattan Bridge on the west, Tillary Street on the south, and the Brooklyn-Queens Expressway (BQE) on the north and east.[22][23] The newer term RAMBO, an acronym for Right Around The Manhattan Bridge Overpass[24][25][26][27] is sometimes applied to the area, comparing it to DUMBO. The neighborhood was connected to Vinegar Hill until the 1950s, when construction of the BQE effectively isolated it from surrounding areas.

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Bridge Plaza, Brooklyn

Bridge Plaza, Brooklyn

Bridge Plaza is the northeastern corner of the downtown area of the New York City borough of Brooklyn. Its borders are Flatbush Avenue Extension and Manhattan Bridge on the west, Tillary Street on the south, and the Brooklyn–Queens Expressway (BQE) on the north and east.

Manhattan Bridge

Manhattan Bridge

The Manhattan Bridge is a suspension bridge that crosses the East River in New York City, connecting Lower Manhattan at Canal Street with Downtown Brooklyn at the Flatbush Avenue Extension. The main span is 1,480 ft (451 m) long, with the suspension cables being 3,224 ft (983 m) long. The bridge's total length is 6,855 ft (2,089 m). It is one of four toll-free vehicular bridges connecting Manhattan Island to Long Island; the nearby Brooklyn Bridge is just slightly further downtown, while the Queensboro and Williamsburg bridges are to the north.

Dumbo, Brooklyn

Dumbo, Brooklyn

Dumbo is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Brooklyn. The area known as Dumbo used to be known as Gairville. It encompasses two sections: one located between the Manhattan and Brooklyn Bridges, which connect Brooklyn to Manhattan across the East River, and another that continues east from the Manhattan Bridge to the Vinegar Hill area. The neighborhood is bounded by Brooklyn Bridge Park to the north, the Brooklyn Bridge to the west, Brooklyn Heights to the south and Vinegar Hill to the east. Dumbo is part of Brooklyn Community Board 2.

Vinegar Hill, Brooklyn

Vinegar Hill, Brooklyn

Vinegar Hill is a neighborhood in the borough of Brooklyn in New York City on the East River Waterfront between Dumbo and the Brooklyn Navy Yard. The neighborhood is locally governed by Brooklyn Community Board 2 and is policed by the New York City Police Department's 84th Precinct. The large Irish-American population in Vinegar Hill made it one of several New York City neighborhoods once known colloquially as Irishtown.

Post office and ZIP Codes

General Post Office and Federal Office Building (NRHP)
General Post Office and Federal Office Building (NRHP)

Downtown Brooklyn is served by two ZIP Codes: 11201 north of DeKalb Avenue and 11217 south of DeKalb Avenue.[28] The United States Postal Service operates the Brooklyn Main Post Office at 271 Cadman Plaza East.[29]

Transportation

Jay Street–MetroTech station entrance in the AVA DoBro Building
Jay Street–MetroTech station entrance in the AVA DoBro Building

Downtown Brooklyn is connected with Manhattan by the Brooklyn and Manhattan Bridges.

The neighborhood has extensive public transportation accessibility; it is served by the New York City Subway and many bus lines. All but one Manhattan trunk line in Lower Manhattan has a direct connection to Downtown Brooklyn. From south to north, the IRT Lexington Avenue Line (4 and ​5 trains) via the Joralemon Street Tunnel, the BMT Broadway and BMT Nassau Street Lines (N, R, and ​W trains) via the Montague Street Tunnel, the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line (2 and ​3 trains) via the Clark Street Tunnel and the IND Eighth Avenue Line (A and ​C trains) via the Cranberry Street Tunnel provide that service. Slightly farther north, the Manhattan Bridge (B, ​D​, N, and ​Q trains) and Rutgers Street Tunnel (F and ​ trains) also feed subway trains from the Lower East Side into Downtown Brooklyn.

Major stations in the neighborhood are:

A $130 million capital project to connect Lawrence Street–MetroTech (N, R, and ​W trains) and Jay Street–Borough Hall (A, ​C​, and F and ​ trains), which also included renovation of both stations, was completed on December 10, 2010.[30] It features an underground corridor on Willoughby Street connecting both stations, which includes new escalator and elevator access to Lawrence Street.

The Long Island Rail Road stops at the Atlantic Terminal, located at the intersection of Atlantic and Flatbush Avenues.

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Manhattan

Manhattan

Manhattan is the most densely populated and geographically smallest of the five boroughs of New York City. The borough is also coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York. Located near the southern tip of New York State, Manhattan is based in the Eastern Time Zone and constitutes both the geographical and demographic center of the Northeast megalopolis and the urban core of the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the world by urban landmass. Over 58 million people live within 250 miles of Manhattan, which serves as New York City’s economic and administrative center, cultural identifier, and the city’s historical birthplace. Residents of the outer boroughs of New York City often refer to Manhattan as "the city". Manhattan has been described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and hosts the United Nations headquarters. Manhattan also serves as the headquarters of the global art market, with numerous art galleries and auction houses collectively hosting half of the world’s art auctions.

Brooklyn Bridge

Brooklyn Bridge

The Brooklyn Bridge is a hybrid cable-stayed/suspension bridge in New York City, spanning the East River between the boroughs of Manhattan and Brooklyn. Opened on May 24, 1883, the Brooklyn Bridge was the first fixed crossing of the East River. It was also the longest suspension bridge in the world at the time of its opening, with a main span of 1,595.5 feet (486.3 m) and a deck 127 ft (38.7 m) above mean high water. The span was originally called the New York and Brooklyn Bridge or the East River Bridge but was officially renamed the Brooklyn Bridge in 1915.

Lower Manhattan

Lower Manhattan

Lower Manhattan, also known as Downtown Manhattan or Downtown New York City, is the southernmost part of Manhattan, the central borough for business, culture, and government in New York City, which is the most populated city in the United States with over 8.8 million residents as of the 2020 census.

IRT Lexington Avenue Line

IRT Lexington Avenue Line

The IRT Lexington Avenue Line is one of the lines of the A Division of the New York City Subway, stretching from Lower Manhattan north to 125th Street in East Harlem. The line is served by the 4, ​5, ​6, and <6> trains.

4 (New York City Subway service)

4 (New York City Subway service)

The 4 Lexington Avenue Express is a rapid transit service in the A Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is colored forest green since it uses the IRT Lexington Avenue Line in Manhattan.

5 (New York City Subway service)

5 (New York City Subway service)

The 5 Lexington Avenue Express is a rapid transit service in the A Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is colored forest green since it uses the IRT Lexington Avenue Line in Manhattan.

Joralemon Street Tunnel

Joralemon Street Tunnel

The Joralemon Street Tunnel, originally the Brooklyn–Battery Tunnel, is a pair of tubes carrying the IRT Lexington Avenue Line of the New York City Subway under the East River between Bowling Green Park in Manhattan and Brooklyn Heights in Brooklyn, New York City. The Joralemon Street Tunnel was an extension of the Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT)'s first subway line from the Bowling Green station in Manhattan to the IRT Eastern Parkway Line in Brooklyn.

BMT Broadway Line

BMT Broadway Line

The BMT Broadway Line is a rapid transit line of the B Division of the New York City Subway in Manhattan. As of November 2016, it is served by four services, all colored yellow: the N and ​Q trains on the express tracks and the R and ​W trains on the local tracks during weekdays. The line is often referred to as the "N and R", since those were the only services on the line from 1988 to 2001, when the Manhattan Bridge's southern tracks were closed for rebuilding. The Broadway Line was built to give the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company access to Midtown Manhattan.

BMT Nassau Street Line

BMT Nassau Street Line

The BMT Nassau Street Line is a rapid transit line of the B Division of the New York City Subway system in Manhattan. It is a continuation of the BMT Jamaica Line in Brooklyn after crossing the Williamsburg Bridge into Manhattan; it continues to a junction with the BMT Broadway Line just before the Montague Street Tunnel. Afterwards, the line reenters Brooklyn. Although the tracks continue past Broad Street, there has been no regular service past that station since June 25, 2010. While the line is officially recognized as the Nassau Street Line, it only serves one station on Nassau Street: Fulton Street.

IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line

IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line

The IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line is a New York City Subway line. It is one of several lines that serves the A Division, stretching from South Ferry in Lower Manhattan north to Van Cortlandt Park–242nd Street in Riverdale, Bronx. The Brooklyn Branch, known as the Wall and William Streets Branch during construction, from the main line at Chambers Street southeast through the Clark Street Tunnel to Borough Hall in Downtown Brooklyn, is also part of the Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line. The IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line is the only line to have elevated stations in Manhattan, with two short stretches of elevated track at 125th Street and between Dyckman and 225th Streets.

2 (New York City Subway service)

2 (New York City Subway service)

The 2 Seventh Avenue Express is a rapid transit service in the A Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is colored red since it uses the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line through most of Manhattan.

3 (New York City Subway service)

3 (New York City Subway service)

The 3 Seventh Avenue Express is a rapid transit service in the A Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is colored red since it uses the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line through most of Manhattan.

Education

Public schools are operated by the New York City Department of Education.

In 2021 the private school German School of Brooklyn moved all levels to its permanent site at 9 Hanover Place in Downtown Brooklyn.[31]

Source: "Downtown Brooklyn", Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, (2023, March 17th), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downtown_Brooklyn.

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Further Reading

Brooklyn

List of Brooklyn neighborhoods

Kensington, Brooklyn

Flatbush Avenue

Atlantic Avenue (New York City)

Fulton Street (Brooklyn)

DeKalb Avenue station (BMT lines)

Brooklyn Commons

High Street station (IND Eighth Avenue Line)

Cadman Plaza

B41 (New York City bus)

Bridge Plaza, Brooklyn

Broadway (Brooklyn)

List of tallest buildings in Brooklyn

The Brooklyn Tower

B46 (New York City bus)

West Midwood, Brooklyn

City Point (Brooklyn)
See also
References
  1. ^ a b "NYC Planning | Community Profiles". communityprofiles.planning.nyc.gov. New York City Department of City Planning. Retrieved March 18, 2019.
  2. ^ "New York City's CBDs (Central Business Districts) – The Office that Never Sleeps". ny-offices.com. Retrieved May 28, 2015.
  3. ^ "NYU Invests $500 Million in Renovations for Brooklyn Campus". NYU Tandon School of Engineering. Retrieved November 13, 2017.
  4. ^ "NYPD – 84th Precinct". www.nyc.gov. New York City Police Department. Retrieved October 3, 2016.
  5. ^ Jaffe, Herman J. (1979). The Canarsee Indians: The Original Inhabitants. Brooklyn: The Fourth Largest City In America, Brooklyn College Press. pp. 46–55.
  6. ^ a b c d Kevin Walsh (March 18, 2012). "Downtown Brooklyn". Forgotten New York. Retrieved August 16, 2015.
  7. ^ "Syndicate Takes Title to Hoffman and Albemarle Hotels for $1,700,000". The New York Times. June 13, 1915. p. XX8. Retrieved August 27, 2010.
  8. ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. March 13, 2009.
  9. ^ Stoler, Michael (November 8, 2007). "Downtown Brooklyn Finally Arrives". The New York Sun. Retrieved August 22, 2009.
  10. ^ Hope, Bradley (January 24, 2008). "First Residents Arrive for Downtown Brooklyn 'Renaissance'". The New York Sun. Retrieved August 22, 2009.
  11. ^ Downtown Brooklyn, New York City Department of City Planning. Accessed October 9, 2007.
  12. ^ Anuta, Joe (July 15, 2014). "Downtown B'klyn seen as 'shining example'". Crain's New York Business. Retrieved August 17, 2015.
  13. ^ Probasco, Mat (June 23, 2007). "Historians in push to 'save' Duffield Street". The Brooklyn Paper. Retrieved August 17, 2015.
  14. ^ Sanz, Cynthia (January 5, 1986). "Brooklyn's Polytech, A Storybook Success". New York Times. Retrieved November 13, 2015.
  15. ^ "George Bugliarello Dies" (Press release). The Marconi Society. February 18, 2011. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
  16. ^ Asimov, Eric (October 11, 1996), "Harry Rosen Is Dead at 92; Junior's Restaurant Founder", The New York Times
  17. ^ Colvin, Jill (October 25, 2013). "President Obama and Bill de Blasio Have Cheesecake Date at Junior's". The Observer. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  18. ^ Stulberg, Ariel (November 9, 2015). "Brooklyn's future tallest building revealed in new rendering". The Real Deal. Retrieved December 26, 2015.
  19. ^ Staff, Curbed (November 9, 2015). "First Look at Downtown Brooklyn's 1,000-Foot Supertall Tower". Curbed. Retrieved December 25, 2015.
  20. ^ Calder, Rich (August 15, 2007). "Double Parking". New York Post. Archived from the original on February 10, 2009. Retrieved August 22, 2009.
  21. ^ "Help Design Willoughby Square Park". Brownstoner.com. April 19, 2010. Archived from the original on May 27, 2010. Retrieved April 20, 2010.
  22. ^ "'MANUFACTURING CENTRE CREATED AT MANHATTAN BRIDGE PLAZA IN BROOKLYN". The New York Times. December 23, 1917. p. 31. Retrieved January 6, 2009.
  23. ^ "Bridge Plaza Rezoning Proposal". New York City Department of City Planning. August 19, 2003. Archived from the original on August 18, 2006. Retrieved January 6, 2009.
  24. ^ Calder, Rich (December 7, 2012). "Brooklyn residents bash new RAMBO neighborhood". New York Post. Retrieved May 28, 2015.
  25. ^ Arak, Joey (February 16, 2006). "In RAMBO, Free to Be You and Me". curbed.com. Retrieved November 4, 2007.
  26. ^ Cohen, Ariella (August 18, 2007). "Downtown going Williamsburg". The Brooklyn Paper. Retrieved November 4, 2007.
  27. ^ Weinstein, Robert (March–April 2008). "'Flattery' will get you somewhere". Brooklyn Boom. Archived from the original on May 16, 2008. Retrieved January 6, 2009.
  28. ^ "Park Slope, New York City-Brooklyn, New York Zip Code Boundary Map (NY)". United States Zip Code Boundary Map (USA). Retrieved March 27, 2019.
  29. ^ "Location Details". USPS.com. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  30. ^ Mancini, John (December 3, 2010). "Long-Awaited Subway Transfers To Open In Brooklyn, Queens". NY1. Archived from the original on March 7, 2012. Retrieved December 12, 2010.
  31. ^ "Home". German School Brooklyn. Retrieved July 30, 2021.
Further reading
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Downtown Brooklyn.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Brooklyn/Downtown.
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