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Dey Street Passageway

From Wikipedia, in a visual modern way
The Dey Street head house at the southwest corner of Dey Street and Broadway
The Dey Street head house at the southwest corner of Dey Street and Broadway

The Dey Street Passageway or Dey Street Concourse is a 350-foot-long (110 m) underground passageway in Manhattan, New York City, built as part of the Fulton Center project to rehabilitate the Fulton Street station complex and improve connectivity in Lower Manhattan.[1] The Dey Street Passageway lies under Dey Street in Lower Manhattan, between Broadway in the eastern end, and Church Street in its western end.[a]

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Manhattan

Manhattan

Manhattan is the most densely populated and geographically smallest of the five boroughs of New York City. The borough is also coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York. Located near the southern tip of New York State, Manhattan is based in the Eastern Time Zone and constitutes both the geographical and demographic center of the Northeast megalopolis and the urban core of the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the world by urban landmass. Over 58 million people live within 250 miles of Manhattan, which serves as New York City’s economic and administrative center, cultural identifier, and the city’s historical birthplace. Residents of the outer boroughs of New York City often refer to Manhattan as "the city". Manhattan has been described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and hosts the United Nations headquarters. Manhattan also serves as the headquarters of the global art market, with numerous art galleries and auction houses collectively hosting half of the world’s art auctions.

New York City

New York City

New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over 300.46 square miles (778.2 km2), New York City is the most densely populated major city in the United States and more than twice as populous as Los Angeles, the nation's second-largest city. New York City is located at the southern tip of New York State. It constitutes the geographical and demographic center of both the Northeast megalopolis and the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the U.S. by both population and urban area. With over 20.1 million people in its metropolitan statistical area and 23.5 million in its combined statistical area as of 2020, New York is one of the world's most populous megacities, and over 58 million people live within 250 mi (400 km) of the city. New York City is a global cultural, financial, entertainment, and media center with a significant influence on commerce, health care and life sciences, research, technology, education, politics, tourism, dining, art, fashion, and sports. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy, and is sometimes described as the capital of the world.

Fulton Center

Fulton Center

Fulton Center is a subway and retail complex centered at the intersection of Fulton Street and Broadway in Lower Manhattan, New York City. The complex was built as part of a $1.4 billion project by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA), a public agency of the state of New York, to rehabilitate the New York City Subway's Fulton Street station. The work involved constructing new underground passageways and access points into the complex, renovating the constituent stations, and erecting a large station building that doubles as a part of the Westfield World Trade Center mall.

Fulton Street station (New York City Subway)

Fulton Street station (New York City Subway)

The Fulton Street station is a major New York City Subway station complex in Lower Manhattan. It consists of four linked stations on the IND Eighth Avenue Line, the IRT Lexington Avenue Line, the BMT Nassau Street Line and the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line. The complex is served by the 2, 4, A, and J trains at all times. The 3, 5, and C trains stop here at all times except late nights, and the Z stops during rush hours in the peak direction.

Lower Manhattan

Lower Manhattan

Lower Manhattan, also known as Downtown Manhattan or Downtown New York City, is the southernmost part of Manhattan, the central borough for business, culture, and government in New York City, which is the most populated city in the United States with over 8.8 million residents as of the 2020 census.

Dey Street

Dey Street

Dey Street is a short street in Lower Manhattan, in New York City. It passes the west side of the World Trade Center site and the World Trade Center Transportation Hub. It runs for one block between Church Street and Broadway. It originally ran to West Street, but the western reaches were demolished to make way for the World Trade Center in the late 1960s. It now extends to Greenwich Street. 15 Dey Street is the site of the first transcontinental telephone call.

Broadway (Manhattan)

Broadway (Manhattan)

Broadway is a road in the U.S. state of New York. Broadway runs from State Street at Bowling Green for 13 mi (21 km) through the borough of Manhattan and 2 mi (3.2 km) through the Bronx, exiting north from New York City to run an additional 18 mi (29 km) through the Westchester County municipalities of Yonkers, Hastings-On-Hudson, Dobbs Ferry, Irvington, and Tarrytown, and terminating north of Sleepy Hollow.

Concept

Inside the passageway, facing Cortlandt Street. The section to the WTC Transportation Hub, which was opened on May 26, 2016, is at this end.[2]
Inside the passageway, facing Cortlandt Street. The section to the WTC Transportation Hub, which was opened on May 26, 2016, is at this end.[2]
At the end of the passageway is the "Oculus", the headhouse of the WTC Transportation Hub.
At the end of the passageway is the "Oculus", the headhouse of the WTC Transportation Hub.

During the planning stage of the Fulton Center project, there were numerous alternatives for a passageway connecting Church Street and the Fulton Street complex. These alternatives included a pedestrian tunnel, with a paid transfer, under Fulton Street. Various configurations within the Fulton Center main building were also planned, including a diagonal link between a tunnel under Dey Street and the A and ​C trains mezzanine in the Fulton Center transit hub. The Fulton Center design changed very frequently during planning, but after much analysis, it was decided that a 40-foot (12 m) wide tunnel was to be built under Dey Street, without a paid transfer between the Fulton Street complex and the Cortlandt Street station.[3]

The MTA's decision to disallow a paid transfer was on the premise that Broadway and Church Streets are critical north–south streets. An unpaid passageway allows non-passengers to move throughout Lower Manhattan without having to cross those streets. Furthermore, the passageway directly connects to the World Trade Center Transportation Hub, the connection to which opened in the World Trade Center site in May 2016.[2] It also connects to the other World Trade Center buildings, as well as a new passageway to the World Financial Center.[4]

Since the beginning, the concourse has been an essential part of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA)'s Transit Center plans. Its creation will allow around 275,000 daily subway riders to transfer between the Fulton Street / Broadway – Nassau Street station's nine services to the N, ​R, and ​W at Cortlandt Street and the World Trade Center (WTC) PATH station. The MTA also recently announced revised plans that extend the underground connector to the E platform at the WTC – stretching the project's $844 million budget for the benefit of downtown commuters.

— From Lower Manhattan Construction Command Center's archives

However, due to budgetary concerns, the tunnel width had been rescaled from 40 feet (12 m) to 29 feet (8.8 m).[5] The aforementioned transfer between the Cortlandt Street and Chambers Street-World Trade Center stations was eventually realized and opened in late 2017.

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Fulton Center

Fulton Center

Fulton Center is a subway and retail complex centered at the intersection of Fulton Street and Broadway in Lower Manhattan, New York City. The complex was built as part of a $1.4 billion project by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA), a public agency of the state of New York, to rehabilitate the New York City Subway's Fulton Street station. The work involved constructing new underground passageways and access points into the complex, renovating the constituent stations, and erecting a large station building that doubles as a part of the Westfield World Trade Center mall.

A (New York City Subway service)

A (New York City Subway service)

The A Eighth Avenue Express is a rapid transit service in the B Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is colored blue since it uses the IND Eighth Avenue Line in Manhattan.

C (New York City Subway service)

C (New York City Subway service)

The C Eighth Avenue Local is a 19-mile-long (31 km) rapid transit service in the B Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is blue since it uses the IND Eighth Avenue Line in Midtown Manhattan.

World Trade Center site

World Trade Center site

The World Trade Center site, often referred to as "Ground Zero" or "the Pile" immediately after the September 11 attacks, is a 14.6-acre (5.9 ha) area in Lower Manhattan in New York City. The site is bounded by Vesey Street to the north, the West Side Highway to the west, Liberty Street to the south, and Church Street to the east. The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (PANYNJ) owns the site's land. The original World Trade Center complex stood on the site until it was destroyed in the September 11 attacks.

Brookfield Place (New York City)

Brookfield Place (New York City)

Brookfield Place is a shopping center and office building complex in the New York City borough of Manhattan. It is located in the Battery Park City neighborhood, across West Street from the World Trade Center, and overlooks the Hudson River. The complex is currently owned and managed by Brookfield Properties, a subsidiary of Brookfield Asset Management.

N (New York City Subway service)

N (New York City Subway service)

The N Broadway Express is a rapid transit service in the B Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet," is colored yellow, since it uses the BMT Broadway Line in Manhattan.

R (New York City Subway service)

R (New York City Subway service)

The R Broadway/Fourth Avenue Local is a rapid transit service in the B Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is colored yellow since it uses the BMT Broadway Line in Manhattan.

W (New York City Subway service)

W (New York City Subway service)

The W Broadway Local is a rapid transit service of the New York City Subway's B Division. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is colored yellow since it uses the BMT Broadway Line in Manhattan.

PATH (rail system)

PATH (rail system)

The Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) is a 13.8-mile (22.2 km) rapid transit system in the northeastern New Jersey cities of Newark, Harrison, Jersey City, and Hoboken, as well as Lower and Midtown Manhattan in New York City. It is operated as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. PATH trains run around the clock year round; four routes serving 13 stations operate during the daytime on weekdays, while two routes operate during weekends, late nights, and holidays. It crosses the Hudson River through cast iron tunnels that rest on the river bottom. It operates as a deep-level subway in Manhattan and the Jersey City/Hoboken riverfront; from Grove Street in Jersey City to Newark, trains run in open cuts, at grade level, and on elevated track. In 2021, the system saw 32,073,500 rides, or about 158,600 per weekday in the third quarter of 2022.

Construction

The head house in February 2012
The head house in February 2012

The contract for the construction of the passageway was given on July 29, 2005 to Slattery Skanska.[5] Construction began in 2005, with the closure of the Cortlandt Street station on the BMT Broadway line, which closed on August 20, 2005 and Dey Street proper. Cut and cover construction was used to construct the tunnel. A building at the corner of Dey Street and Broadway was demolished on January 29, 2007, to allow the creation for a head house or entrance for the new facility.[6]

The tunnel will be 29 feet (8.8 m) wide; it was intended to be 40 feet (12 m) wide, but due to financial costs it had to shrink in size. It will link the exit in the middle of the IRT Lexington Avenue Line platforms of the Fulton Street complex with the World Trade Center Transportation Hub.

With the conclusion of cut and cover construction, Dey Street reopened to traffic on November 24, 2008.[7] The uptown platform of the Cortlandt Street station reopened on November 25, 2009.[8] Fit-out work of much of the Dey Street Passageway, including the placement of floor and wall tiles, is underway as of August 5, 2012.[9]

A plaque in the passageway marks the opening date of a part of the underpass
A plaque in the passageway marks the opening date of a part of the underpass

On September 6, 2011, a portion of the Dey Street Passageway opened up as the underpass of the N, ​R, and ​W trains at Cortlandt Street.[10] This permitted the reopening of the southbound platform, which does not have street-level access on the western side of Church Street. A white false wall separated the opened underpass with the rest of the passageway. A progress presentation from the MTA in June 2012 had suggested that there will be fare control at the underpass/passageway level, along with elevator access.

The headhouse was originally expected to open on July 31, 2012, but opened on October 8, 2012. Currently, it serves as an entrance for the southbound 4 and ​5 trains, and as the main access point for the Dey Street Passageway, which opened on November 10, 2014, ahead of schedule.[11][12] The connection to the World Trade Center hub opened on May 26, 2016.[2]

Fulton St to Cortlandt St subway cross-section
Greenwich St WTC Transportation
Hub (Oculus) /
Westfield Shops 		Church St Broadway Fulton
Center /
Westfield
Shops 		Nassau St William St
1 R / W 4 / 5 J / Z south mezzanine
underpass underpass Dey Street Passageway underpass mezzanine J / Z north mezzanine 2 / 3
mezzanine ← A / C →
PATH
This box:

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Head house

Head house

A head house or headhouse may be an enclosed building attached to an open-sided shed, or the aboveground part of a subway station.

IRT Lexington Avenue Line

IRT Lexington Avenue Line

The IRT Lexington Avenue Line is one of the lines of the A Division of the New York City Subway, stretching from Lower Manhattan north to 125th Street in East Harlem. The line is served by the 4, ​5, ​6, and <6> trains.

N (New York City Subway service)

N (New York City Subway service)

The N Broadway Express is a rapid transit service in the B Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet," is colored yellow, since it uses the BMT Broadway Line in Manhattan.

R (New York City Subway service)

R (New York City Subway service)

The R Broadway/Fourth Avenue Local is a rapid transit service in the B Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is colored yellow since it uses the BMT Broadway Line in Manhattan.

W (New York City Subway service)

W (New York City Subway service)

The W Broadway Local is a rapid transit service of the New York City Subway's B Division. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is colored yellow since it uses the BMT Broadway Line in Manhattan.

4 (New York City Subway service)

4 (New York City Subway service)

The 4 Lexington Avenue Express is a rapid transit service in the A Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is colored forest green since it uses the IRT Lexington Avenue Line in Manhattan.

5 (New York City Subway service)

5 (New York City Subway service)

The 5 Lexington Avenue Express is a rapid transit service in the A Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is colored forest green since it uses the IRT Lexington Avenue Line in Manhattan.

Greenwich Street

Greenwich Street

Greenwich Street is a north–south street in the New York City borough of Manhattan. It extends from the intersection of Ninth Avenue and Gansevoort Street in the Meatpacking District at its northernmost end to its southern end at Battery Park. Greenwich Street runs through the Meatpacking District, the West Village, Hudson Square, and Tribeca.

Westfield World Trade Center

Westfield World Trade Center

Westfield World Trade Center, also known as the Oculus, is a shopping mall at the World Trade Center complex in Manhattan, New York, that is operated and managed by Unibail-Rodamco-Westfield. The mall opened on August 16, 2016, as the largest shopping complex in Manhattan, with 125 retail spaces. It replaced the Mall at the World Trade Center, the underground shopping mall under the original World Trade Center, which was destroyed on September 11, 2001.

Broadway (Manhattan)

Broadway (Manhattan)

Broadway is a road in the U.S. state of New York. Broadway runs from State Street at Bowling Green for 13 mi (21 km) through the borough of Manhattan and 2 mi (3.2 km) through the Bronx, exiting north from New York City to run an additional 18 mi (29 km) through the Westchester County municipalities of Yonkers, Hastings-On-Hudson, Dobbs Ferry, Irvington, and Tarrytown, and terminating north of Sleepy Hollow.

Fulton Center

Fulton Center

Fulton Center is a subway and retail complex centered at the intersection of Fulton Street and Broadway in Lower Manhattan, New York City. The complex was built as part of a $1.4 billion project by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA), a public agency of the state of New York, to rehabilitate the New York City Subway's Fulton Street station. The work involved constructing new underground passageways and access points into the complex, renovating the constituent stations, and erecting a large station building that doubles as a part of the Westfield World Trade Center mall.

Nassau Street (Manhattan)

Nassau Street (Manhattan)

Nassau Street is in the Financial District, within the borough of Manhattan in New York City. Its southern end is at the intersection with Broad Street and Wall Street, and its northern end is at Spruce Street, at Pace University near the foot of the Brooklyn Bridge. For its entire route, Nassau Street runs one block east of Broadway and Park Row.

Source: "Dey Street Passageway", Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, (2023, March 9th), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dey_Street_Passageway.

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Further Reading

Times Square–42nd Street/Port Authority Bus Terminal station

Park Street station (MBTA)

Grand Central–42nd Street station

Borough Hall/Court Street station

List of New York City Subway transfer stations

WTC Cortlandt station

34th Street–Penn Station (IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line)

World Trade Center station (PATH)

Fulton Center

Broadway Junction station

Lexington Avenue/59th Street station

Atlantic Avenue–Barclays Center station

Hudson Terminal

Greenwich Street

Fulton Street station (New York City Subway)

Dey Street

List of New York City Subway stations in Manhattan

Chambers Street–World Trade Center/Park Place/Cortlandt Street station
Notes
  1. ^ The passageway connects the station at Fulton Street/Broadway to the station at Cortlandt Street/Church Street.
References
  1. ^ After an Earlier Delay, the Fulton Street Transit Center Finally Rises
  2. ^ a b c Altamirano, Angy (May 26, 2016). "MTA opens passage connecting Fulton Center to WTC PATH station". Metro. Retrieved January 4, 2018.
  3. ^ Multiple 2006 articles from The New York Times by Thomas J. Lueck in 2006:
  4. ^ Dey Street Passageway Walking West
  5. ^ a b "Hollowing Out the Dey Street Concourse". LowerManhattan.info. December 18, 2006. Archived from the original on March 17, 2007.
  6. ^ "Deconstruction of 189 Broadway Begins". LowerManhattan.info. January 25, 2007. Archived from the original on February 18, 2013.
  7. ^ Shapiro, Julie (December 11, 2008). "A new day for Dey". Downtown Express. Retrieved November 27, 2021.
  8. ^ Kabak, Benjamin (November 27, 2009). "After four years, a northbound platform opens at Cortlandt St". Second Ave. Sagas.
  9. ^ Fulton Center Archived August 16, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
  10. ^ "MTA News". mta.info.
  11. ^ Donohue, Pete (October 27, 2014). "Fulton Center subway hub to open in November". NY Daily News. Retrieved October 28, 2014.
  12. ^ Plagianos, Irene (October 27, 2014). "Fulton Transit Hub Will Finally Open on Nov. 10, MTA Says". DNAinfo New York. Archived from the original on October 30, 2014. Retrieved October 28, 2014.
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