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Department of National Defence (Canada)

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Department of National Defence
Ministère de la Défense nationale
Department of National Defence (Canada).svg
Department overview
Formed1923 (1923)
Preceding agencies
JurisdictionGovernment of Canada
HeadquartersMajor-General George R Pearkes Building, Ottawa, Ontario
Employees24,000[1]
Annual budgetCA$21.16 billion (2019–2020)[2]
Ministers responsible
Department executive
Child agencies
Key document
Websitewww.dnd.ca Edit this at Wikidata

The Department of National Defence (DND; French: Ministère de la Défense nationale) is the department of the Government of Canada which supports the Canadian Armed Forces in its role of defending Canadian national interests domestically and internationally.[3] The department is a civilian organization, part of the public service, and supports the armed forces; however, as a civilian organization is separate and not part of the military itself.[4][5][6] National Defence is the largest department of the Government of Canada in terms of budget, and it is the department with the largest number of buildings (6,806 in 2015).[7]

The department is responsible to Parliament through the minister of national defence – Anita Anand as of 2022. The deputy minister of National Defence, the senior most civil servant within the department, is responsible for the day-to-day leadership and operations of the department and reports directly to the minister.[8] The department exists to aid the minister in carrying out their responsibilities within the Defence Portfolio and provides a civilian support system for the Canadian Armed Forces.[9][10] Under the National Defence Act, the Canadian Armed Forces is a completely separate and distinct organization from, and is not part of, the Department of National Defence.

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French language

French language

French is a Romance language of the Indo-European family. It descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire, as did all Romance languages. French evolved from Gallo-Romance, the Latin spoken in Gaul, and more specifically in Northern Gaul. Its closest relatives are the other langues d'oïl—languages historically spoken in northern France and in southern Belgium, which French (Francien) largely supplanted. French was also influenced by native Celtic languages of Northern Roman Gaul like Gallia Belgica and by the (Germanic) Frankish language of the post-Roman Frankish invaders. Today, owing to France's past overseas expansion, there are numerous French-based creole languages, most notably Haitian Creole. A French-speaking person or nation may be referred to as Francophone in both English and French.

Ministry (government department)

Ministry (government department)

Ministry or department are designations used by first-level executive bodies in the machinery of governments that manage a specific sector of public administration.

Government of Canada

Government of Canada

The government of Canada is the body responsible for the federal administration of Canada. A constitutional monarchy, the Crown assumes distinct roles: the executive, as the Crown-in-Council; the legislative, as the Crown-in-Parliament; and the judicial, as the Crown-on-the-Bench. Three institutions—the Privy Council, the Parliament, and the judiciary, respectively—exercise the powers of the Crown.

Canadian Armed Forces

Canadian Armed Forces

The Canadian Armed Forces are the unified military forces of Canada, including sea, land, and air elements referred to as the Royal Canadian Navy, Canadian Army, and Royal Canadian Air Force.

Public Service of Canada

Public Service of Canada

The Public Service of Canada is the civilian workforce of the Government of Canada's departments, agencies, and other public bodies.

Responsible government

Responsible government

Responsible government is a conception of a system of government that embodies the principle of parliamentary accountability, the foundation of the Westminster system of parliamentary democracy. Governments in Westminster democracies are responsible to parliament rather than to the monarch, or, in a colonial context, to the imperial government, and in a republican context, to the president, either in full or in part. If the parliament is bicameral, then the government is responsible first to the parliament's lower house, which is more representative than the upper house, as it usually has more members and they are always directly elected.

Parliament of Canada

Parliament of Canada

The Parliament of Canada is the federal legislature of Canada, seated at Parliament Hill in Ottawa, and is composed of three parts: the King, the Senate, and the House of Commons. By constitutional convention, the House of Commons is dominant, with the Senate rarely opposing its will. The Senate reviews legislation from a less partisan standpoint and may initiate certain bills. The monarch or his representative, normally the governor general, provides royal assent to make bills into law.

Minister of National Defence (Canada)

Minister of National Defence (Canada)

The minister of national defence is a minister of the Crown in the Cabinet of Canada responsible for the management and direction of all matters relating to the national defence of Canada.

Anita Anand

Anita Anand

Anita Indira Anand is a Canadian lawyer and politician who has served as the minister of national defence since 2021. She has represented the riding of Oakville in the House of Commons since the 2019 federal election, sitting as a member of the Liberal Party. From 2019 to 2021, she served as minister of public services and procurement and oversaw Canada's procurement of vaccines and personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic. As minister of national defence, Anand has led Canada's efforts to provide military aid to Ukraine since the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. She is the first Hindu to become a federal minister in Canada.

Deputy minister (Canada)

Deputy minister (Canada)

In Canada, a deputy minister is the senior civil servant in a government organization, who acts as deputy head. Deputy ministers take political direction from a minister of the Crown, who is typically an elected member of Parliament and responsible for the department.

National Defence Act

National Defence Act

The National Defence Act is an Act of the Parliament of Canada, which is the primary enabling legislation for organizing and funding the military of Canada. The Act created the Department of National Defence, which merged the functions of the Department of Militia and Defence with the Department of the Naval Service and the Air Board, after its passage in 1922 and its implementation on 1 January 1923.

History

Previous National Defence Headquarters in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Previous National Defence Headquarters in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

The Department of National Defence was established by the National Defence Act, which merged the Department of Militia and Defence (which was created in 1906 when the British Army withdrew its forces stationed in Canada), the Department of Naval Services (the department responsible for the administration of the Royal Canadian Navy), and the Air Board (which oversaw aviation in Canada). The National Defence Act was passed by the Parliament of Canada on June 28, 1922.[11]

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National Defence Headquarters (Canada)

National Defence Headquarters (Canada)

National Defence Headquarters (NDHQ) was created through the integration of Canadian Armed Forces Headquarters with the civilian Department of National Defence (DND) staff in October of 1972. NDHQ is not a specific location, but is instead housed throughout a collection of offices in buildings across the National Capital Region, although it is most commonly identified with the Major-General George R Pearkes Building on Colonel By Drive in Ottawa.

Ottawa

Ottawa

Ottawa is the capital city of Canada. It is located at the confluence of the Ottawa River and the Rideau River in the southern portion of the province of Ontario. Ottawa borders Gatineau, Quebec, and forms the core of the Ottawa–Gatineau census metropolitan area (CMA) and the National Capital Region (NCR). As of 2021, Ottawa had a city population of 1,017,449 and a metropolitan population of 1,488,307, making it the fourth-largest city and fourth-largest metropolitan area in Canada.

Department of Militia and Defence

Department of Militia and Defence

The Department of Militia and Defence was the department responsible for military land forces in Canada from 1906 to 1921.

Department of Naval Services

Department of Naval Services

Department of Naval Services (Canada) was the department responsible for the naval services in Canada during the transition from the Royal Navy to the Royal Canadian Navy from 1910 to 1923.

Royal Canadian Navy

Royal Canadian Navy

The Royal Canadian Navy is the naval force of Canada. The RCN is one of three environmental commands within the Canadian Armed Forces. As of 2021, the RCN operates 12 frigates, four attack submarines, 12 coastal defence vessels, eight patrol class training vessels, two offshore patrol vessels, and several auxiliary vessels. The RCN consists of 8,570 Regular Force and 5,100 Primary Reserve sailors, supported by 3,800 civilians. Vice-Admiral Angus Topshee is the current commander of the Royal Canadian Navy and chief of the Naval Staff.

Air Board (Canada)

Air Board (Canada)

The Air Board was Canada's first governing body for aviation, operating from 1919 to 1923. The Canadian government established the Air Board by act of Parliament on June 6, 1919, with the purpose of controlling all flying within Canada. Canada was the first country to legislate and implement rules governing the entire domain of aviation.

Organization

Both the Canadian Armed Forces (military) and the Department of National Defence (civilian public servants) are, although two separate organizations, known collectively as the 'Defence Team' as both institutions work closely together in the defence of Canada. The minister of national defence, as the Cabinet minister responsible to Parliament for National Defence, heads the Defence Team.

Deputy Minister

The Department of National Defence is led by the Deputy Minister of National Defence, currently, Bill Matthews.[12] The Deputy Minister is chosen by the cabinet through the recommendation of the Prime Minister at that time.[13] The Deputy Minister will stay in their position regardless of whether the cabinet or Prime Minister has changed.

Deputy Minister's Office

The Deputy Minister has a varying amount of Assistant Deputy Minister's (referred to as ADM's), Chief's, and Associates that over see various tasks within the department ranging from Material Acquisition to Information Management to Public Affairs.[14] There are 3 other office's that operate under the Deputy Minister which are DND/CF Legal Advisors, National Security and Intelligence Review and oversight Coordination Secretariat, and the Chief of Defence intelligence.

Associate Deputy Minister

New National Defence Headquarters (Canada) (NDHQ Carling) in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
New National Defence Headquarters (Canada) (NDHQ Carling) in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

The associate Deputy Minister has no set role description. They are to take over the files and tasks the Deputy Minister gives them.[15] The position is currently vacant.

Assistant Deputy Minister (Public Affairs)

The Assistant Deputy Minister (Public affairs), referred to as ADM(PA), oversee communications related tasks such as advice and guidance in relation to Canada's defences. The position is currently held by Taylor Paxton, who reports directly to the Deputy Minister.

Assistant Deputy Minister (Defence Research and Development Canada)

The Assistant Deputy Minister (Defence Research and Development Canada), referred to as ADM(DRDC), oversees the department's scientific and technological advancements and provides sound technological advice on Canada's defence systems.[16] No name is currently assigned to this position. The ADM(DRDC) reports directly to the Deputy Minister.

Assistant Deputy Minister (Information Management)

The Assistant Deputy Minister (Information Management) recently changed their name to Chief Information Officer, referred to as CIO. The CIO group oversees the management of key information and intelligence for Canada's defence and cyber operations for DND and CAF. The position is currently held by Leonard (Len) Bastien, who is also the department's Defence Champion for Persons with Disabilities.[17] The CIO reports directly to the Deputy Minister.

Assistant Deputy Minister (Review Services)

The Assistant Deputy Minister (Review Services), referred to as ADM(RS), oversees changes and reviews requested policies and promote improvements to Canadian operations at home and abroad. The position is currently held by Julie Charron, who reports directly to the Deputy Minister.[18]

Assistant Deputy Minister (Data, Innovation, and Analytics)

The Assistant Deputy Minister (Data, Innovation, and Analytics), referred to as ADM(DIA), oversees data decision taken by the department as well as overseeing its integration into the department and analytics. The position is currently held by Stephen Burt, who reports directly to the Deputy Minister.[19]

Assistant Deputy Minister (Policy)

The Assistant Deputy Minister (Policy), referred to as ADM(POL), oversees defence policy proceedings, developments, and support for the department and the Canadian Armed Forces. The position has been held by Peter Hammerschmidt since 2017 and he reports directly to the Minister of National Defence.[20]

Assistant Deputy Minister (Finance)

The Assistant Deputy Minister (Finance), referred to as ADM(FIN) or Chief Financial Officer, oversees all financial dealings within the department including but not limited to financial management, budget approvals, financial reallocation, and financial support. The position has been held by Cheri Crosby since 2019 and she reports directly to the Minister of National Defence.[21]

Assistant Deputy Minister (Material)

The Assistant Deputy Minister (Material), referred to as ADM(MAT), oversees all Material acquisitions and service that are needed by the department or Canadian Armed Forces. The position has been held by Troy Crosby since 2019 and he reports directly to the Minister of National Defence.[22]

Assistant Deputy Minister (Infrastructure & Environment)

The Assistant Deputy Minister (Infrastructure & Environment), referred to as ADM(IE), oversees real estates acquisitions and needs for the Canadian Armed Forces as well as property management, infrastructure and environmental needs related to the department. The position has been held by Rob Chambers since 2019 and reports directly to the Minister of National Defence.

Assistant Deputy Minister (Human Resources - Civilian)

The Assistant Deputy Minister (Human Resources - Civilian), referred to as ADM(HR-Civ), oversees all the human resources needs of the Defence Teams civilian members which includes but is not limited to recruitment, retention strategies, employment offers, and staffing policies. The position has been held by Isabelle Desmartis since 2016 and reports directly to the Minister of National Defence.[23]

The Canadian Armed Forces is a separate and distinct military organization which works closely with, but is not a part of, the civilian department. The military comprises a variety of commands including the Royal Canadian Navy, Canadian Army and Royal Canadian Air Force, and is led by the chief of the defence staff, who is under the direction of the minister of national defence. There are also a variety of offices and support organizations which report to both the chief of defence staff and the deputy minister.

The legal military chain of command within the Canadian Forces originates from the king, represented by the governor general, who is commander-in-chief. The appointment of the minister, deputy minister, chief of the defence staff and the granting of all commissions in the Canadian Forces are made on behalf of the king.[24]

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Deputy minister (Canada)

Deputy minister (Canada)

In Canada, a deputy minister is the senior civil servant in a government organization, who acts as deputy head. Deputy ministers take political direction from a minister of the Crown, who is typically an elected member of Parliament and responsible for the department.

National Defence Headquarters (Canada)

National Defence Headquarters (Canada)

National Defence Headquarters (NDHQ) was created through the integration of Canadian Armed Forces Headquarters with the civilian Department of National Defence (DND) staff in October of 1972. NDHQ is not a specific location, but is instead housed throughout a collection of offices in buildings across the National Capital Region, although it is most commonly identified with the Major-General George R Pearkes Building on Colonel By Drive in Ottawa.

Ottawa

Ottawa

Ottawa is the capital city of Canada. It is located at the confluence of the Ottawa River and the Rideau River in the southern portion of the province of Ontario. Ottawa borders Gatineau, Quebec, and forms the core of the Ottawa–Gatineau census metropolitan area (CMA) and the National Capital Region (NCR). As of 2021, Ottawa had a city population of 1,017,449 and a metropolitan population of 1,488,307, making it the fourth-largest city and fourth-largest metropolitan area in Canada.

Royal Canadian Navy

Royal Canadian Navy

The Royal Canadian Navy is the naval force of Canada. The RCN is one of three environmental commands within the Canadian Armed Forces. As of 2021, the RCN operates 12 frigates, four attack submarines, 12 coastal defence vessels, eight patrol class training vessels, two offshore patrol vessels, and several auxiliary vessels. The RCN consists of 8,570 Regular Force and 5,100 Primary Reserve sailors, supported by 3,800 civilians. Vice-Admiral Angus Topshee is the current commander of the Royal Canadian Navy and chief of the Naval Staff.

Canadian Army

Canadian Army

The Canadian Army is the command responsible for the operational readiness of the conventional ground forces of the Canadian Armed Forces. It maintains regular forces units at bases across Canada, and is also responsible for the Army Reserve, the largest component of the Primary Reserve. The Army is headed by the concurrently held Commander of the Canadian Army and Chief of the Army Staff, who is subordinate to the Chief of the Defence Staff. The Army is also supported by 3,000 civilian employees from the civil service.

Royal Canadian Air Force

Royal Canadian Air Force

The Royal Canadian Air Force is the air and space force of Canada. Its role is to "provide the Canadian Forces with relevant, responsive and effective airpower". The RCAF is one of three environmental commands within the unified Canadian Armed Forces. As of 2020, the Royal Canadian Air Force consists of 12,074 Regular Force and 1,969 Primary Reserve personnel, supported by 1,518 civilians, and operates 258 manned aircraft and nine unmanned aerial vehicles. Lieutenant-General Eric Kenny is the current commander of the Royal Canadian Air Force and chief of the Air Force Staff.

Chief of the Defence Staff (Canada)

Chief of the Defence Staff (Canada)

The chief of the Defence Staff is the professional head of the Canadian Armed Forces. As the senior military position, the chief of the Defence Staff advises the Cabinet, particularly the minister of national defence and the prime minister. The role is a Crown-in-Council appointment made by the viceroy on the advice of the prime minister.

Command hierarchy

Command hierarchy

A command hierarchy is a group of people who carry out orders based on others' authority within the group. It can be viewed as part of a power structure, in which it is usually seen as the most vulnerable and also the most powerful part.

Governor General of Canada

Governor General of Canada

The governor general of Canada is the federal viceregal representative of the Canadian monarch, currently King Charles III. The King is head of state of Canada and the 14 other Commonwealth realms, but he resides in his oldest and most populous realm, the United Kingdom. The King, on the advice of his Canadian prime minister, appoints a governor general to carry on the Government of Canada in the King's name, performing most of his constitutional and ceremonial duties. The commission is for an indefinite period—known as serving at His Majesty's pleasure—though five years is the usual length of time. Since 1959, it has also been traditional to alternate between francophone and anglophone officeholders—although many recent governors general have been bilingual.

Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces

Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces

The commander-in-chief of the Canadian Armed Forces exercises supreme command and control over Canada's military, the Canadian Armed Forces. Constitutionally, command-in-chief is vested in the Canadian monarch, presently King Charles III. Since the Letters Patent, 1947, were signed by King George VI, the governor general of Canada—presently Mary Simon—executes most of the duties of the sovereign, including in his role as commander-in-chief. Consequently, the governor general also uses the title Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Forces. By protocol, the title used within international contexts is Commander-in-Chief of Canada.

Defence Portfolio

One of the roles of the Department of National Defence is to support the minister of national defence in the administration of the 'Defence Portfolio', which comprises the Canadian Armed Forces, the Communications Security Establishment, Defence Research and Development Canada, and the Department of National Defence. These organizations are responsible to the minister. The department is not responsible for all of these organizations itself but rather exists to support the minister in carrying out the minister's duties within the Defence Portfolio.[25]

The post of associate minister of national defence, who is also a member of the Cabinet, also exists and takes on files as assigned by the minister of national defence. Since forming government in 2015, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has assigned the post of associate minister as an additional role of the minister of veterans affairs, who heads Veterans Affairs Canada, another department outside the Defence Portfolio.

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Minister of National Defence (Canada)

Minister of National Defence (Canada)

The minister of national defence is a minister of the Crown in the Cabinet of Canada responsible for the management and direction of all matters relating to the national defence of Canada.

Associate Minister of National Defence

Associate Minister of National Defence

The associate minister of national defence is a member of the Canadian cabinet who is responsible for various files within the defence department as assigned by the prime minister or defence minister.

Communications Security Establishment

Communications Security Establishment

The Communications Security Establishment, formerly called the Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSEC), is the Government of Canada's national cryptologic agency. It is responsible for foreign signals intelligence (SIGINT) and communications security (COMSEC), protecting federal government electronic information and communication networks, and is the technical authority for cyber security and information assurance.

Defence Research and Development Canada

Defence Research and Development Canada

Defence Research and Development Canada is a special operating agency of the Department of National Defence (DND), whose purpose is to provide the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF), other government departments, and public safety and national security communities with knowledge and technology.

Justin Trudeau

Justin Trudeau

Justin Pierre James Trudeau is a Canadian politician serving as the 23rd and current prime minister of Canada since 2015 and leader of the Liberal Party since 2013. Trudeau is the second-youngest prime minister in Canadian history after Joe Clark; he is also the first to be the child of a previous holder of the post, as the eldest son of Pierre Trudeau.

Minister of Veterans Affairs (Canada)

Minister of Veterans Affairs (Canada)

The minister of veterans affairs is the minister of the Crown responsible for the Veterans Affairs Canada, the department of the Government of Canada responsible for administering benefits for members and veterans of the Canadian Armed Forces, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and their family members and caregivers.

Veterans Affairs Canada

Veterans Affairs Canada

Veterans Affairs Canada is the department within the Government of Canada with responsibility for pensions, benefits and services for war veterans, retired and still-serving members of the Canadian Armed Forces and Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), their families, as well as some civilians.

Source: "Department of National Defence (Canada)", Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, (2023, February 21st), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_of_National_Defence_(Canada).

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See also
References
  1. ^ "FAQ - How many CAF members and DND employees are there?". Department of National Defence. February 13, 2012. Retrieved November 3, 2019.
  2. ^ "Spending and human resources". Department of National Defence. 18 April 2019. Retrieved 3 November 2019.
  3. ^ "Flipbook". 2015-10-23. Retrieved 2020-12-02.
  4. ^ "Defence Home - Frequently Asked Questions". Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada. 27 July 2013. Retrieved 27 October 2013.
  5. ^ "About the Canadian Armed Forces". Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada. 27 July 2013. Archived from the original on 17 March 2015. Retrieved 3 April 2015.
  6. ^ "About the Department of National Defence and the Canadian Armed Forces - National Defence Act". Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada. 23 May 2013. Retrieved 3 April 2015.
  7. ^ "Organizations by number of buildings". Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat. Government of Canada. January 1994. Retrieved 8 September 2015.
  8. ^ "About DND -What is the relationship between DND and the Canadian Forces?". Department of National Defence. February 1, 2012. Retrieved March 8, 2012.
  9. ^ "Civilian Career and Jobs FAQ". Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada. 22 July 2013. Retrieved 27 October 2013.
  10. ^ "Civilians Supporting the Army". Department of National Defence. August 5, 2011. Archived from the original on May 16, 2013. Retrieved March 8, 2012.
  11. ^ Gough, Barry (2010). Historical Dictionary of Canada. Scarecrow Press. p. xxxvii. ISBN 978-0-8108-5496-3.
  12. ^ "Controversial equipment projects await new deputy minister at DND". ottawacitizen. Retrieved 2022-12-13.
  13. ^ Defence, National (2013-02-19). "Deputy Minister of National Defence". www.canada.ca. Retrieved 2022-12-14.
  14. ^ Defence, National (2013-04-22). "Organizational structure of the Department of National Defence and the Canadian Armed Forces". www.canada.ca. Retrieved 2022-12-14.
  15. ^ Defence, National (2013-02-19). "Associate Deputy Minister of National Defence". www.canada.ca. Retrieved 2022-12-14.
  16. ^ Canada, Defence Research and Development (2020-11-05). "Defence Research and Development Canada". www.canada.ca. Retrieved 2022-12-14.
  17. ^ "Notice of Meeting - NDDN (42-1) - No. 77 - House of Commons of Canada". www.ourcommons.ca. Retrieved 2022-12-14.
  18. ^ Defence, National (2013-02-19). "Assistant Deputy Minister (Review Services)". www.canada.ca. Retrieved 2022-12-14.
  19. ^ Defence, National (2021-03-11). "Assistant Deputy Minister (Data, Innovation, Analytics)". www.canada.ca. Retrieved 2022-12-14.
  20. ^ Defence, National (2018-12-13). "Peter Hammerschmidt - Biography". www.canada.ca. Retrieved 2022-12-14.
  21. ^ Defence, National (2013-07-26). "Cheri Crosby - Biography". www.canada.ca. Retrieved 2022-12-14.
  22. ^ Defence, National (2013-04-25). "Troy Crosby - Biography". www.canada.ca. Retrieved 2022-12-14.
  23. ^ Defence, National (2013-04-24). "Isabelle Desmartis, Assistant Deputy Minister (HR-Civ)". www.canada.ca. Retrieved 2022-12-14.
  24. ^ "Role of the Chief of Defence Staff". Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada. 17 April 2014. Retrieved 3 April 2015.
  25. ^ "The Deputy Minister of National Defence". Department of National Defence. February 1, 2012. Archived from the original on March 1, 2012. Retrieved March 8, 2012.
External links

Coordinates: 45°25′24″N 75°41′21″W / 45.423339°N 75.68924°W / 45.423339; -75.68924

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