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Collegiality

From Wikipedia, in a visual modern way
"Colleagues" redirects here. For the 1962 Soviet drama film, see Colleagues (film). For the political term, see Comrade.

Collegiality is the relationship between colleagues. A colleague is a fellow member of the same profession.

Colleagues are those explicitly united in a common purpose and respect each other's abilities to work toward that purpose. A colleague is an associate in a profession or in a civil or ecclesiastical office. In a narrower sense, members of the faculty of a university or college are each other's colleagues.

Sociologists of organizations use the word 'collegiality' in a technical sense, to create a contrast with the concept of bureaucracy. Classical authors such as Max Weber consider collegiality as an organizational device used by autocrats to prevent experts and professionals from challenging monocratic and sometimes arbitrary powers.[1] More recently, authors such as Eliot Freidson (USA), Malcolm Waters (Australia), and Emmanuel Lazega (France) have said that collegiality can now be understood as a full-fledged organizational form.[2][3]

Discover more about Collegiality related topics

Organization

Organization

An organization or organisation, is an entity—such as a company, an institution, or an association—comprising one or more people and having a particular purpose.

Bureaucracy

Bureaucracy

Bureaucracy is a body of non-elected governing officials or an administrative policy-making group. Historically, a bureaucracy was a government administration managed by departments staffed with non-elected officials. Today, bureaucracy is the administrative system governing any large institution, whether publicly owned or privately owned. The public administration in many jurisdictions and sub-jurisdictions exemplifies bureaucracy, but so does any centralized hierarchical structure of an institution, e.g. hospitals, academic entities, business firms, professional societies, social clubs, etc.

Max Weber

Max Weber

Maximilian Karl Emil Weber was a German sociologist, historian, jurist and political economist, who is regarded as among the most important theorists of the development of modern Western society. His ideas profoundly influence social theory and research. While Weber did not see himself as a sociologist, he is recognized as one of the fathers of sociology, along with Karl Marx and Émile Durkheim.

Expert

Expert

An expert is somebody who has a broad and deep understanding and competence in terms of knowledge, skill and experience through practice and education in a particular field. Informally, an expert is someone widely recognized as a reliable source of technique or skill whose faculty for judging or deciding rightly, justly, or wisely is accorded authority and status by peers or the public in a specific well-distinguished domain. An expert, more generally, is a person with extensive knowledge or ability based on research, experience, or occupation and in a particular area of study. Experts are called in for advice on their respective subject, but they do not always agree on the particulars of a field of study. An expert can be believed, by virtue of credentials, training, education, profession, publication or experience, to have special knowledge of a subject beyond that of the average person, sufficient that others may officially rely upon the individual's opinion on that topic. Historically, an expert was referred to as a sage. The individual was usually a profound thinker distinguished for wisdom and sound judgment.

Professional

Professional

A professional is a member of a profession or any person who works in a specified professional activity. The term also describes the standards of education and training that prepare members of the profession with the particular knowledge and skills necessary to perform their specific role within that profession. In addition, most professionals are subject to strict codes of conduct, enshrining rigorous ethical and moral obligations. Professional standards of practice and ethics for a particular field are typically agreed upon and maintained through widely recognized professional associations, such as the IEEE. Some definitions of "professional" limit this term to those professions that serve some important aspect of public interest and the general good of society.

In the Roman Republic

In the Roman Republic, collegiality was the practice of having at least two people in each magistracy in order to divide power among several people and check their powers, both to prevent the rise of another king and to ensure more productive magistrates. Examples of Roman collegiality include the two consuls and censors, six praetors, eight quaestors, four aediles, ten tribunes and decemviri.

Exceptions include extraordinary magistrates, dictators and the magister equitum.

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Roman Republic

Roman Republic

The Roman Republic was a form of government of Rome and the era of the classical Roman civilization when it was run through public representation of the Roman people. Beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire, Rome's control rapidly expanded during this period—from the city's immediate surroundings to hegemony over the entire Mediterranean world.

Roman consul

Roman consul

A consul held the highest elected political office of the Roman Republic, and ancient Romans considered the consulship the second-highest level of the cursus honorum after that of the censor. Each year, the Centuriate Assembly elected two consuls to serve jointly for a one-year term. The consuls alternated in holding fasces – taking turns leading – each month when both were in Rome. A consul's imperium extended over Rome and all its provinces.

Roman censor

Roman censor

The censor was a magistrate in ancient Rome who was responsible for maintaining the census, supervising public morality, and overseeing certain aspects of the government's finances.

Quaestor

Quaestor

A quaestor was a public official in Ancient Rome. There were various types of quaestors, with the title used to describe greatly different offices at different times.

Aedile

Aedile

Aedile was an elected office of the Roman Republic. Based in Rome, the aediles were responsible for maintenance of public buildings and regulation of public festivals. They also had powers to enforce public order and duties to ensure the city of Rome was well supplied and its civil infrastructure well maintained, akin to modern local government.

Decemviri

Decemviri

The decemviri or decemvirs refer to official 10-man commissions established by the Roman Republic.

Roman dictator

Roman dictator

A Roman dictator was an extraordinary magistrate in the Roman Republic endowed with full authority to resolve some specific problem to which he had been assigned. He received the full powers of the state, subordinating the other magistrates, consuls included, for the specific purpose of resolving that issue, and that issue only, and then dispensing with those powers forthwith.

Magister equitum

Magister equitum

The magister equitum, in English Master of the Horse or Master of the Cavalry, was a Roman magistrate appointed as lieutenant to a dictator. His nominal function was to serve as commander of the Roman cavalry in time of war, but just as a dictator could be nominated to respond to other crises, so the magister equitum could operate independently of the cavalry; like the dictator, the appointment of a magister equitum served both military and political purposes.

In the Catholic Church

Main article: Collegiality (Catholic Church)

In the Roman Catholic Church, collegiality refers primarily to "the Pope governing the Church in collaboration with the bishops of the local Churches, respecting their proper autonomy."[4] This had been the practice of the early Church[5] and was revitalized by the Second Vatican Council. One of the major changes during the Second Vatican Council was the council's encouragement of bishops' conferences[6] and the Pope's establishment of the Synod of Bishops.[7] From the beginning of his papacy, Pope Francis, who had twice been elected head of the Argentine Bishops' Conference, has advocated increasing the role of collegiality and synodality in the development of Church teachings.[4]

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Second Vatican Council

Second Vatican Council

The Second Ecumenical Council of the Vatican, commonly known as the Second Vatican Council, or Vatican II, was the 21st ecumenical council of the Catholic Church. The council met in Saint Peter's Basilica in Vatican City for four periods, each lasting between 8 and 12 weeks, in the autumn of each of the four years 1962 to 1965. Preparation for the council took three years, from the summer of 1959 to the autumn of 1962. The council was opened on 11 October 1962 by John XXIII, and was closed on 8 December 1965 by Paul VI.

Episcopal conference

Episcopal conference

An episcopal conference, sometimes called a conference of bishops, is an official assembly of the bishops of the Catholic Church in a given territory. Episcopal conferences have long existed as informal entities. The first assembly of bishops to meet regularly, with its own legal structure and ecclesial leadership function, is the Swiss Bishops' Conference, which was founded in 1863. More than forty episcopal conferences existed before the Second Vatican Council. Their status was confirmed by the Second Vatican Council and further defined by Pope Paul VI's 1966 motu proprio, Ecclesiae sanctae.

Pope Francis

Pope Francis

Pope Francis is the head of the Catholic Church, the bishop of Rome and sovereign of the Vatican City State. Francis is the first pope to be a member of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits), the first from the Americas, the first from the Southern Hemisphere, and the first pope from outside Europe since the 8th century papacy of Syrian pope Gregory III.

Synodality

Synodality

Synodality is in the Catholic Church a term "often used to describe the process of fraternal collaboration and discernment that bodies like the [Synod of Bishops] were created to express".

Source: "Collegiality", Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, (2022, November 2nd), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collegiality.

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Further Reading

Episcopal polity

Second Vatican Council

Synod

Catholic Church and ecumenism

Achille Silvestrini

Norbert Brunner

Catholic laity

Lorenzo Baldisseri

Fourteenth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops

Sixteenth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops
See also
Notes
  1. ^ Waters, Malcolm (1989). "Collegiality, Bureaucratization, and Professionalization: A Weberian Analysis". American Journal of Sociology. 94 (5): 945–972. ISSN 0002-9602.
  2. ^ Freidson, Eliot (1984). "The Changing Nature of Professional Control". Annual Review of Sociology. 10: 1–20. ISSN 0360-0572.
  3. ^ Lazega, Emmanuel (2005), Klatetzki, Thomas; Tacke, Veronika (eds.), "A Theory of Collegiality and its Relevance for Understanding Professions and knowledge-intensive Organizations", Organisation und Profession, Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, pp. 221–251, doi:10.1007/978-3-322-80570-6_9, ISBN 978-3-322-80570-6, retrieved 2022-11-01
  4. ^ a b "Synodality, collegiality: two keys to the coming Francis reform", Catholic Voices Comment, London: Catholic Voices, 28 August 2013, retrieved 21 June 2015
  5. ^ Duffy, Eamon (2014), Saints and Sinners: A History of the Popes (fourth (Kindle) ed.), New Haven: Yale University Press, locations 880-882, ISBN 978-0-300-11597-0
  6. ^ Second Vatican Council (28 October 1965), Decree Concerning the Pastoral Office of Bishops; Christus Dominus, §36-38, archived from the original on 2 August 2013, retrieved 24 June 2015
  7. ^ O'Malley, John W., S. J. (2010) [2008], What Happened at Vatican II (Kindle ed.), Cambridge: Harvard University Press, locations 5038-5041, ISBN 978-0-674-03169-2
References
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