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Bubbles (chimpanzee)

From Wikipedia, in a visual modern way
Bubbles
Bubbles the chimpanzee.jpg
Bubbles held in Michael Jackson's arm circa 1986
SpeciesCommon chimpanzee
SexMale
Born (1983-04-30) April 30, 1983 (age 39)[1]
Austin, Texas, U.S.
Known forBeing the pet of Michael Jackson[1]
OwnerMichael Jackson (1985–2009)
Center for Great Apes (2005–present)
Weight185 lb (84 kg)[1]

Bubbles (born April 30, 1983) is a chimpanzee once kept as a pet by the American singer Michael Jackson, who bought him from a Texas research facility in the 1980s. Bubbles frequently traveled with Jackson, drawing attention in the media. In 1987, during the Bad world tour, Bubbles and Jackson drank tea with the mayor of Osaka, Japan.

Bubbles was initially kept at the Jackson family home in Encino, Los Angeles, but was moved to Jackson's home, Neverland Ranch, in 1988. There, he slept in a crib in Jackson's bedroom, used Jackson's toilet and ate Jackson's candy in the Neverland movie theater. By 2003, Bubbles had matured into a large and aggressive adult chimpanzee unsuitable as a pet, like many captive chimpanzees, and was sent to a California animal trainer. When the trainer closed his operation in 2004, Bubbles was moved to the Center for Great Apes, a sanctuary in Wauchula, Florida, where he has lived since 2005.

Discover more about Bubbles (chimpanzee) related topics

Chimpanzee

Chimpanzee

The chimpanzee, also known as simply the chimp, is a species of great ape native to the forest and savannah of tropical Africa. It has four confirmed subspecies and a fifth proposed subspecies. When its close relative the bonobo was more commonly known as the pygmy chimpanzee, this species was often called the common chimpanzee or the robust chimpanzee. The chimpanzee and the bonobo are the only species in the genus Pan. Evidence from fossils and DNA sequencing shows that Pan is a sister taxon to the human lineage and is humans' closest living relative. The chimpanzee is covered in coarse black hair, but has a bare face, fingers, toes, palms of the hands, and soles of the feet. It is larger and more robust than the bonobo, weighing 40–70 kg (88–154 lb) for males and 27–50 kg (60–110 lb) for females and standing 120 to 150 cm.

Michael Jackson

Michael Jackson

Michael Joseph Jackson was an American singer, songwriter, dancer, and philanthropist. Dubbed the "King of Pop", he is regarded as one of the most significant cultural figures of the 20th century. Over a four-decade career, his contributions to music, dance, and fashion, along with his publicized personal life, made him a global figure in popular culture. Jackson influenced artists across many music genres; through stage and video performances, he popularized complicated dance moves such as the moonwalk, to which he gave the name, as well as the robot.

Bad (tour)

Bad (tour)

Bad was the first solo concert tour by American singer Michael Jackson, launched in support of his seventh studio album Bad (1987). The 123-show world tour began on September 12, 1987 in Japan, and concluded on January 27, 1989 in the US, and sponsored by soft drink manufacturer Pepsi. It grossed a total of $125 million, making it the second highest-grossing tour of the 1980s after Pink Floyd's Momentary Lapse of Reason tour, and earning two new entries in the Guinness World Records for the largest grossing tour in history and the tour with the largest attended audience. It was nominated for "Tour of the Year 1988" at the inaugural International Rock Awards.

Jackson family

Jackson family

The Jackson family is an American family of musicians and entertainers from Gary, Indiana. Many of the children of Joseph Walter and Katherine Esther Jackson were successful musicians, notably the brothers that formed the Motown boy band the Jackson 5. Several of the siblings also had successful solo careers. Joe worked as their manager. The Jackson family, both as a musical group and as solo artists, have achieved success in the field of popular music from the late 1960s and onward. They are sometimes called the "First Family of Soul", the "Imperial Family of Pop", or the "Royal Family of Pop", especially following the success of Michael and Janet Jackson, the former of whom is frequently dubbed the "King of Pop" and the latter of whom is frequently dubbed the "Queen of Pop".

Encino, Los Angeles

Encino, Los Angeles

Encino is a neighborhood in the San Fernando Valley region of Los Angeles, California.

Neverland Ranch

Neverland Ranch

Sycamore Valley Ranch, formerly Neverland Ranch or Neverland Valley Ranch, is a developed property in Santa Barbara County, California, located at 5225 Figueroa Mountain Road, Los Olivos, California, on the edge of Los Padres National Forest. It was the home and private amusement park of American entertainer Michael Jackson from 1988 until 2005. The ranch is about 5 miles (8 km) north of unincorporated Los Olivos, and about eight miles (13 km) north of the town of Santa Ynez.

Center for Great Apes

Center for Great Apes

The Center for Great Apes’ mission is to provide a permanent sanctuary for orangutans and chimpanzees who have been rescued or retired from the entertainment industry, from research, or from the exotic pet trade; to educate the public about captive great apes and the threats to conservation of great apes in the wild; and to advocate for the end of the use of great apes as entertainers, research subjects, and pets.

Wauchula, Florida

Wauchula, Florida

Wauchula is a city in south-central Florida in Hardee County, Florida, United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 5,001, up from 4,368 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Hardee County.

Life

Acquisition

Bubbles was born in 1983 in a research facility in Austin, Texas, that bred primates for animal testing.[1][2] There are conflicting reports as to how he came into Jackson's possession; many state that Jackson had purchased him when he was eight months old. The acquisition was said to have been supervised by Bob Dunn, then one of Hollywood's most famous suppliers and trainers of animals for films, photoshoots and advertisements.[3][4]

Late 1980s

Bubbles was kept at the Jackson family's Encino home until 1988, when he was moved to Jackson's new home, Neverland Ranch, in Santa Barbara County, California.[5] Bubbles slept in a crib in Jackson's bedroom,[6] ate candy in the Neverland movie theater,[7] was fed at the dining table,[6] wore a diaper, and used Jackson's toilet.[7][8] At Jackson's 2005 trial, Jackson said that his chimpanzees helped with housekeeping chores: "They run around, help me clean the room. They help me dust, clean the window." Jackson's housekeepers testified that they disapproved of the chimpanzee behavior. One said she had to clean feces hurled at the bedroom wall, and another described a chimpanzee tearing off his diaper before crawling into Jackson's bed.[8]

Michael Jackson had Bubbles accompany him throughout the late 1980s.
Michael Jackson had Bubbles accompany him throughout the late 1980s.

During the late 1980s, Jackson took Bubbles on outings and would often talk to him. According to reports, he showed him how to moonwalk.[9] Bubbles had an agent and was rumored to have his own bodyguard.[6][10] He sat in for the recording of Jackson's album Bad (1987)— Jackson insisted that Bubbles and Jackson's pet snake attend as spectators—and accompanied Jackson for the filming of the "Bad" music video.[6][11][12] Bubbles made a cameo in the video for "Liberian Girl".[13]

When the Bad world tour began in September 1987, Bubbles and Jackson shared a two-bedroom hotel suite in Tokyo.[6] Bubbles and Jackson made a social visit to the Mayor of Osaka, Yasushi Oshima; there, Bubbles drank Japanese green tea while seated quietly next to Jackson. Oshima said that he and his fellow officials were "surprised to see the chimpanzee, but we understand he is [Michael's] good friend ... This is the first time an animal ever entered City Hall."[14][15] Though allowed to travel to Japan, Bubbles was unable to enter Britain and Sweden due to strict quarantine laws.[16][17] Jackson also brought Bubbles for tea at Elizabeth Taylor's house. Taylor did not mind that Jackson had brought a chimpanzee.[18] At a party to celebrate and promote Bad, Bubbles reportedly "worked the room" and was "the life of the party".[6]

Around this time, Bubbles and Jackson were photographed by Kenny Rogers for his book, Your Friends and Mine. The photo shows Bubbles held on Jackson's hip. In the black and white photograph, Bubbles is dressed casually in a long sleeved shirt and overalls. Jackson is also dressed casually; he wears jeans and a simple shirt.[19] Rogers said: "Bubbles was so human it was almost frightening. He would take Christopher [Rogers' son] by the hand, walk over to the refrigerator, open it, take out a banana and hand it to him. Christopher was amazed... we all were."[19]

According to author David Wigg, Queen singer Freddie Mercury grew frustrated trying to record a duet with Jackson, "There Must Be More to Life Than This", because of his insistence that Bubbles be in the studio. According to Wigg, "Michael made Bubbles sit between them and would turn to the chimp between takes and ask, 'Don't you think that was lovely?' Or, 'Do you think we should do that again?' After a few days of this, Freddie just exploded ... 'I'm not performing with a fucking chimp sitting next to me each night.'" Mercury left the project and released the song as a solo artist in 1985. The duet with Jackson was not released until the Queen members Brian May and Roger Taylor discovered it and included it on the album Queen Forever in 2014.[20]

Relocations

Bubbles lived at Jackson's home, Neverland Ranch, until he became too aggressive.
Bubbles lived at Jackson's home, Neverland Ranch, until he became too aggressive.

In the 2003 documentary Living with Michael Jackson, Jackson told the journalist Martin Bashir that Bubbles had become pugnacious.[21] He was moved to an animal sanctuary over fears he might attack Jackson's newborn son, Prince Michael II.[nb 1][23] Jackson bought two more baby chimpanzees, Max and Action Jackson;[1] the public believed these chimpanzees were also Bubbles. Bubbles' removal was a source of regret for Jackson. During the interview, Bashir was also told of how Jackson had planned to hold a "celebrity animal party" for Bubbles; Cheeta, the chimpanzee from Tarzan, Benji and Lassie were to be invited.[24]

Bubbles was relocated to Bob Dunn's ranch in Sylmar, California.[3][25] Dunn said at the time: "Bubbles is an adult chimp and a wild animal. We don't let him out to play."[25] According to CNN, Jackson and his children visited Bubbles and played with the other animals at the ranch.[25] "[Jackson] still acts like a kid around them", Dunn said.[25] The Washington Times, however, claimed Jackson did not visit Bubbles, despite Jackson's representative having stated that he would like to meet him again.[26] Shortly afterward, in December 2003, it was claimed that Bubbles had attempted suicide.[nb 2][31][32] He was supposedly taken to a hospital in time to be saved.[32]

Since the closure of Dunn's facility in 2004, Bubbles has been kept at the Center for Great Apes in Wauchula, Florida, where he is said to enjoy painting and listening to flute music.[3] The annual care for each animal at the centre costs around $17,000 as of 2009. Patti Ragan, director for the Center for Great Apes, commented on the animals' daily routine at the sanctuary: "They relax. They take naps together. They might go up in the top of the cupola. They go out in the chutes and lie under a tree in the tunnel system. They groom each other and they fight and they have arguments, too."[3] According to animal keepers at the center, Bubbles—whose facial features have changed since his time with Jackson—is now "huge and ugly", weighing 185 pounds (84 kg), but has a "sweet character".[33][2] In 2009, Bubbles was spending most of his time sitting quietly in trees with Sam, a 40-year-old chimpanzee.[33]

Death of Jackson

On June 25, 2009, Jackson died at the age of 50, after having a cardiac arrest.[34] Dunn, speaking to the News of the World, said: "Bubbles definitely missed [Jackson] when they parted and will miss him now. Chimpanzees are intelligent. They remember people and stuff. Bubbles and Michael were close friends and playmates. The last time Michael visited, Bubbles definitely recognized and remembered him."[nb 3][31] He said that Jackson thought of Bubbles as his first child, and added that he hoped Jackson's children would keep in touch with their "stepbrother" following their father's death.[31] In 2010, Jackson's sister La Toya visited Bubbles at the Center for Great Apes in Florida.[36] According to the Center for Great Apes website, Jackson's estate "has continued to support the annual care costs for Bubbles at the sanctuary".[1]

Discover more about Life related topics

Austin, Texas

Austin, Texas

Austin is the capital city of the U.S. state of Texas, as well as the seat and largest city of Travis County, with portions extending into Hays and Williamson counties. Incorporated on December 27, 1839, it is the 11th-most-populous city in the United States, the fourth-most-populous city in Texas, the second-most-populous state capital city, and the most populous state capital that is not also the most populous city in its state. It has been one of the fastest growing large cities in the United States since 2010. Downtown Austin and Downtown San Antonio are approximately 80 miles (129 km) apart, and both fall along the Interstate 35 corridor. Some observers believe that the two regions may some day form a new "metroplex" similar to Dallas and Fort Worth. Austin is the southernmost state capital in the contiguous United States and is considered a Beta−level global city as categorized by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network.

Animal testing

Animal testing

Animal testing, also known as animal experimentation, animal research, and in vivo testing, is the use of non-human animals in experiments that seek to control the variables that affect the behavior or biological system under study. This approach can be contrasted with field studies in which animals are observed in their natural environments or habitats. Experimental research with animals is usually conducted in universities, medical schools, pharmaceutical companies, defense establishments, and commercial facilities that provide animal-testing services to the industry. The focus of animal testing varies on a continuum from pure research, focusing on developing fundamental knowledge of an organism, to applied research, which may focus on answering some questions of great practical importance, such as finding a cure for a disease. Examples of applied research include testing disease treatments, breeding, defense research, and toxicology, including cosmetics testing. In education, animal testing is sometimes a component of biology or psychology courses. The practice is regulated to varying degrees in different countries.

Jackson family

Jackson family

The Jackson family is an American family of musicians and entertainers from Gary, Indiana. Many of the children of Joseph Walter and Katherine Esther Jackson were successful musicians, notably the brothers that formed the Motown boy band the Jackson 5. Several of the siblings also had successful solo careers. Joe worked as their manager. The Jackson family, both as a musical group and as solo artists, have achieved success in the field of popular music from the late 1960s and onward. They are sometimes called the "First Family of Soul", the "Imperial Family of Pop", or the "Royal Family of Pop", especially following the success of Michael and Janet Jackson, the former of whom is frequently dubbed the "King of Pop" and the latter of whom is frequently dubbed the "Queen of Pop".

Moonwalk (dance)

Moonwalk (dance)

The moonwalk or backslide is a dance move in which the performer glides backwards but their body actions suggest forward motion. The moonwalk is a popping move. It became popular around the world following Michael Jackson's moonwalk during the performance of "Billie Jean" on Motown 25: Yesterday, Today, Forever, which was broadcast on May 16, 1983, and he included it in tours and live performances. Jackson has been credited as renaming the "backslide" to the moonwalk and it became his signature move.

Bad (album)

Bad (album)

Bad is the seventh studio album by the American singer and songwriter Michael Jackson. It was released on August 31, 1987, by Epic Records, nearly five years after Jackson's previous album, Thriller (1982). Written and recorded between January 1985 and July 1987, Bad was the third and final collaboration between Jackson and producer Quincy Jones, with Jackson co-producing and composing all but two tracks. Jackson notably adopted an edgy look and sound with Bad, departing from his signature groove-based style and high-pitched vocals. The album incorporates pop, rock, funk, R&B, dance, soul, and hard rock styles. Jackson also experimented with newer recording technology, including digital synthesizers and drum machines, resulting in a sleeker and more aggressive sound. Jackson wrote nine of the eleven songs on the album. Lyrical themes on the album include media bias, paranoia, racial profiling, romance, self-improvement, and world peace. The album features appearances from Siedah Garrett and Stevie Wonder.

Bad (Michael Jackson song)

Bad (Michael Jackson song)

"Bad" is a song by American recording artist Michael Jackson. It was released by Epic Records on September 7, 1987, as the second single from his seventh studio album Bad. The song was written and composed by Jackson, and produced by Quincy Jones and Jackson. Jackson stated that the song was influenced by a real-life story he had read about, of a young man who tried to escape poverty by attending private school but ended up being killed when he returned home.

Liberian Girl

Liberian Girl

"Liberian Girl" is the ninth single released from American singer Michael Jackson's 1987 album Bad. The song was written as early as 1983 and was among those considered for the Jacksons' Victory album. It was reworked and rewritten for Bad. The song was released as a single in Europe, Japan, New Zealand, and Australia. Although a commercial success, the song was never performed live by Michael Jackson during his Bad World Tour or later concerts.

Bad (tour)

Bad (tour)

Bad was the first solo concert tour by American singer Michael Jackson, launched in support of his seventh studio album Bad (1987). The 123-show world tour began on September 12, 1987 in Japan, and concluded on January 27, 1989 in the US, and sponsored by soft drink manufacturer Pepsi. It grossed a total of $125 million, making it the second highest-grossing tour of the 1980s after Pink Floyd's Momentary Lapse of Reason tour, and earning two new entries in the Guinness World Records for the largest grossing tour in history and the tour with the largest attended audience. It was nominated for "Tour of the Year 1988" at the inaugural International Rock Awards.

Elizabeth Taylor

Elizabeth Taylor

Dame Elizabeth Rosemond Taylor was a British-American actress. She began her career as a child actress in the early 1940s and was one of the most popular stars of classical Hollywood cinema in the 1950s. She then became the world's highest paid movie star in the 1960s, remaining a well-known public figure for the rest of her life. In 1999, the American Film Institute named her the seventh-greatest female screen legend of Classic Hollywood cinema.

Kenny Rogers

Kenny Rogers

Kenneth Ray Rogers was an American singer, songwriter, and actor. He was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2013. Rogers was particularly popular with country audiences but also charted more than 120 hit singles across various genres, topping the country and pop album charts for more than 200 individual weeks in the United States alone. He sold more than 100 million records worldwide during his lifetime, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time. His fame and career spanned multiple genres: jazz, folk, pop, rock, and country. He remade his career and was one of the most successful cross-over artists of all time.

Freddie Mercury

Freddie Mercury

Freddie Mercury was a British singer and songwriter, who achieved worldwide fame as the lead vocalist of the rock band Queen. Regarded as one of the greatest singers in the history of rock music, he was known for his flamboyant stage persona and four-octave vocal range. Mercury defied the conventions of a rock frontman with his theatrical style, influencing the artistic direction of Queen.

Brian May

Brian May

Sir Brian Harold May is an English musician and astrophysicist. He achieved worldwide fame as the lead guitarist of the rock band Queen, which he co-founded with singer Freddie Mercury and drummer Roger Taylor. His guitar work and songwriting contributions helped Queen become one of the most successful acts in music history.

Media coverage

The public perception of what Michael is as a human being has been highly exaggerated. Those articles are hard for me to relate to. For instance, Bubbles is more fun than a lot of people I know. I saw Bubbles at a wedding in a tux. He has great table manners.

Quincy Jones[37]

According to the journalist Steve Huey, Bubbles formed a public perception of Jackson as a "bizarre eccentric, obsessed with recapturing his childhood".[38][39][40] According to Robert Thompson, professor of popular culture at Syracuse University, Jackson's acquisition of Bubbles was "when the weirdness began to reach mythic proportions".[41]

Jackson and Bubbles' bond, as well as Jackson's other alleged eccentricities, contributed to the media nickname "Wacko Jacko", which Jackson came to despise.[39] The media often focused on Bubbles, rather than Jackson's music, and published false stories, such as the allegation that Bubbles was not a single ape, but one of several.[42][43] A later claim suggested that Bubbles had died; Jackson's press agent Lee Solters told reporters that "when Bubbles heard about his demise he went bananas ... Like Mark Twain, his death is grossly exaggerated and he's alive and doing well."[44][45]

The media also falsely reported that Bubbles would be the ringbearer at Elizabeth Taylor's wedding at Neverland Ranch in 1991; according to The New York Times, it was "an idea that some newspapers found too delightful not to report."[46] The National Enquirer claimed that the musician Prince had used extrasensory perception to turn Bubbles crazy. According to the story, Jackson said: "What kind of sicko would mess with a monkey? This is the final straw. Poor, poor Bubbles." Jackson found the story hilarious; his staff reported that they had never seen him laugh so much.[47]

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Quincy Jones

Quincy Jones

Quincy Delight Jones Jr. is an American record producer, songwriter, composer, arranger, and film and television producer. His career spans 70 years, with a record of 80 Grammy Award nominations, 28 Grammys, and a Grammy Legend Award in 1992.

Syracuse University

Syracuse University

Syracuse University is a private research university in Syracuse, New York. Established in 1870 with roots in the Methodist Episcopal Church, the university has been nonsectarian since 1920. Located in the city's University Hill neighborhood, east and southeast of Downtown Syracuse, the large campus features an eclectic mix of architecture, ranging from nineteenth-century Romanesque Revival to contemporary buildings.

Lee Solters

Lee Solters

Lee Solters, born Nathan Cohen, was an American press agent who used his flamboyant style to represent celebrities from stage, movies and sports including 26 years with Frank Sinatra.

Mark Twain

Mark Twain

Samuel Langhorne Clemens, known by his pen name Mark Twain, was an American writer, humorist, entrepreneur, publisher, and lecturer. He was praised as the "greatest humorist the United States has produced", and William Faulkner called him "the father of American literature". His novels include The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) and its sequel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884), the latter of which has often been called the "Great American Novel". Twain also wrote A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court (1889) and Pudd'nhead Wilson (1894), and co-wrote The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today (1873) with Charles Dudley Warner.

The New York Times

The New York Times

The New York Times, also referred to as the Gray Lady, is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2022 to comprise 740,000 paid print subscribers, and 8.6 million paid digital subscribers. It also is a producer of popular podcasts such as The Daily. Founded in 1851, it is published by The New York Times Company. The Times has won 132 Pulitzer Prizes, the most of any newspaper, and has long been regarded as a national "newspaper of record". For print, it is ranked 18th in the world by circulation and 3rd in the United States. The newspaper is headquartered at The New York Times Building in Times Square, Manhattan.

Prince (musician)

Prince (musician)

Prince Rogers Nelson, commonly known mononymously as Prince, was an American singer-songwriter, musician, and record producer. The recipient of numerous awards and nominations, he is widely regarded as one of the greatest musicians of his generation. He was known for his flamboyant, androgynous persona; his wide vocal range, which included a far-reaching falsetto and high-pitched screams; and his skill as a multi-instrumentalist, often preferring to play all or most of the instruments on his recordings. Prince produced his albums himself, pioneering the Minneapolis sound. His music incorporated a wide variety of styles, including funk, R&B, rock, new wave, soul, synth-pop, pop, jazz, and hip hop.

Extrasensory perception

Extrasensory perception

Extrasensory perception or ESP, also called sixth sense, is a claimed paranormal ability pertaining to reception of information not gained through the recognized physical senses, but sensed with the mind. The term was adopted by Duke University psychologist J. B. Rhine to denote psychic abilities such as intuition, telepathy, psychometry, clairvoyance, clairaudience, clairsentience, empathy and their trans-temporal operation as precognition or retrocognition.

Legacy

Jackson launched Michael's Pets, a range of soft toys based on the animals he owned, in November 1986. "He [Jackson] was very instrumental in designing the toys", said Bob Michaelson, who was responsible for developing them.[48] "He was very instrumental in how it should be programmed... he's got tremendous intuition."[48] Jackson, in approving the toys, stipulated that the manufacturers donate $1 per sale to a children's charity.[49]

In 1988, the artist Jeff Koons made three identical porcelain sculptures, Michael Jackson and Bubbles, as part of his Banality exhibit.[50] At the time, each sculpture was said to be worth $250,000.[51] Koons once said: "If I could be one other living person, it would probably be Michael Jackson."[50] The piece became one of Koons' best known works.[52] The figure shows Jackson and Bubbles wearing gold military-style suits.[50] In 2001, one of the figures was put up for auction and was expected to fetch between $3 million and $4 million.[53] The figure sold to an anonymous telephone bidder for $5.6 million,[50][54] a record for a work by Koons.[55]

The Daily Telegraph reported in August 2009 that Bubbles was to publish a "tell-all memoir" about his time with Jackson. The book, Bubbles: My Secret Diary, From Swaziland to Neverland, is a spoof diary by journalist John Blake,[56] and the book fictionally documents the "darker aspects" of Bubbles' life, including a "$2,000-a-day banana addiction, depression, romantic conquests, and [his] 'vicious rivalry' with Tarzan star Cheeta".[56] The "collection of very personal and honest entries from [Bubbles'] diary" was released in October 2009.[56] Blake said:

Behind his seemingly-perfect life of glamorous friends, gold-plated tyre swings, and personal chefs, there is a dark history of medical experiments, addiction and loss. But Bubbles has fought against his personal and professional problems and, with his help of man-pet Michael Jackson, he has grown to become bigger than King Kong—figuratively speaking.[56]

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Jeff Koons

Jeff Koons

Jeffrey Lynn Koons is an American artist recognized for his work dealing with popular culture and his sculptures depicting everyday objects, including balloon animals produced in stainless steel with mirror-finish surfaces. He lives and works in both New York City and his hometown of York, Pennsylvania. His works have sold for substantial sums, including at least two record auction prices for a work by a living artist: US$58.4 million for Balloon Dog (Orange) in 2013 and US$91.1 million for Rabbit in 2019.

Banality (sculpture series)

Banality (sculpture series)

Banality is a series of sculptures by American artist Jeff Koons. The works were unveiled in 1988 and have become controversial for their use of copyrighted images. Several editions of the sculptures have sold at auction for millions of dollars.

The Daily Telegraph

The Daily Telegraph

The Daily Telegraph, known online and elsewhere as The Telegraph, is a national British daily broadsheet newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed across the United Kingdom and internationally. It was founded by Arthur B. Sleigh in 1855 as The Daily Telegraph & Courier. Considered a newspaper of record over The Times in the UK in the years up to 1997, The Telegraph has been described as being "one of the world's great titles".

John Blake (journalist)

John Blake (journalist)

John Blake is an English publisher and former journalist. John Blake Publishing was acquired by Bonnier Publishing in May 2016. Blake joined Soho Friday, launched in November 2018, a venture with Richard Johnson and Derek Freeman. Ad Lib Publishing was launched in 2020.

Source: "Bubbles (chimpanzee)", Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, (2023, February 25th), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubbles_(chimpanzee).

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Further Reading

Chimpanzee

Jane Goodall

Pan (genus)

Great ape personhood

Cheeta

List of individual apes

Washoe (chimpanzee)

Oliver (chimpanzee)

Gombe Stream National Park

Link (film)

Jim Cronin (zookeeper)

Animal testing on non-human primates

Travis (chimpanzee)

Center for Great Apes

Personal relationships of Michael Jackson

Chimp Eden

Arcus Foundation

Michael Jackson and Bubbles
See also
Notes
  1. ^ Primatologist Jane Goodall writes that while some chimpanzees may be seen as "cute, funny and even lovable", to think that they would make good pets is inaccurate. She notes that at about 6 to 8 years of age, the animals become strong and indocile.[22]
  2. ^ Reports on "animal suicide" can be traced back decades.[27] While there is no consensus on the topic and modern naturalistic studies have found little evidence of self-harming behaviour among nonhuman species, it has been noted that there are "strong cross-species parallels" and that traits linked with suicide in humans have been found in rodents.[28][29] Author You-Sheng Li wrote in a 2005 book that it was doubtful that chimpanzees have the mental capacity to attempt suicide. She added that some animals, however, may give up their lives in certain circumstances.[30]
  3. ^ Jane Goodall notes that chimpanzees become more relaxed around individuals they recognize.[35]
References
  1. ^ a b c d e f "Bubbles the Chimpanzee – Center for Great Apes". Center for Great Apes. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
  2. ^ a b Yourse, Robyn-Denise (July 1, 2009). "M.J.'s Bubbles OK". The Washington Times. News World Communications. Retrieved August 18, 2009.
  3. ^ a b c d Segal, Kim; Zarrella, John (July 2, 2009). "Jackson's chimp Bubbles enjoys life out of public eye". CNN. Time Warner Inc. Retrieved July 25, 2009.
  4. ^ Ayres, Chris (March 24, 2005). "What does Hollywood do when a screen chimp turns nasty? Shoot it dead and call in a cartoon". The Times. London: News Corporation. Retrieved February 2, 2010.
  5. ^ "Michael Jackson joins the over-30 crowd". Deseret News. Deseret Management Corporation. August 29, 1988. Archived from the original on July 4, 2009. Retrieved April 3, 2009.
  6. ^ a b c d e f Goldberg, Michael (September 16, 1987). "Is singer Michael Jackson for real?". Deseret News. Deseret Management Corporation. Retrieved April 3, 2009.
  7. ^ a b Taraborrelli, p. 455
  8. ^ a b "Monkey business in the loo". The Sydney Morning Herald. Fairfax Media. May 12, 2005. Retrieved April 3, 2009.
  9. ^ Lartigue, Michael J. "Is Michael Still a Thriller?". The Harvard Crimson. Harvard University. Archived from the original on November 8, 2004. Retrieved April 3, 2009.
  10. ^ Anderson, p. 159
  11. ^ Rees, p. 261
  12. ^ Barnes, Ken (September 10, 2001). "Michael: Thrilling, bad, dangerous and more". USA Today. Gannett Company. Retrieved April 3, 2009.
  13. ^ "Just Who Was Bubbles, Michael Jackson's Famous Chimp?". MTV. Viacom. June 26, 2009. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
  14. ^ "Chimp's tea party" (Payment required to access full article). Toronto Star. Torstar. September 20, 1987. Retrieved February 3, 2010.
  15. ^ Wire, From (September 19, 1987). "People" (Payment required to access full article). The Dallas Morning News. A. H. Belo Corporation. Retrieved February 3, 2010.
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