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Battle of Leuze

From Wikipedia, in a visual modern way
Battle of Leuze
Part of the Nine Years' War
Combat de Leuze, 18 September 1691.jpg
Combat de Leuze by Joseph Parrocel
Date18 September 1691
Location
Leuze-en-Hainaut, present-day Belgium
Result French victory[1][2][3]
Belligerents
 France  Dutch Republic
 England
 Scotland
Commanders and leaders
Kingdom of France Duke of Luxembourg
Kingdom of France Villars		 Dutch Republic Count of Waldeck
Dutch Republic Count of Tilly
Dutch Republic Prince of Nassau-Usingen
Dutch Republic Lord Overkirk
Strength
28 squadrons (about 4,000 men) 72 squadrons (about 12,000 men)
Casualties and losses
400[4]-700[5] killed or wounded 1,500-2,000 killed, wounded or missing[6][1]

The Battle of Leuze was a minor Cavalry engagement of the Nine Years' War that took place on 18 September 1691 between a detachment of French and a superior Allied force.

Marshal Luxembourg had been informed that William III of Orange had left for England, in the supposition that the campaign of 1691 was at its end. He was also informed that Marshal Waldeck, who was left in charge, was preparing to retire into winter quarters.

Luxembourg was near Tournai and sent out a reconnaissance under Marsilly, from whom he learned that the main body of the Allied army was retreating, leaving a rear-guard of cavalry, consisting of just 3,000 men, under the Count of Tilly at Leuze. Luxembourg acted immediately. He send a detachment to follow the movements of the main body, and with the squadrons of Villars and Marsilly he attacked the smaller party without warning. The French cavalry charged, only using their swords.

As soon as Field Marshal Nassau-Saarbrücken-Usingen became aware of the French attack, he turned around with the entire left wing and tried to turn the tide. This further increased Allied losses, because the squadrons which rushed to the rescue did not all arrive on the battlefield at the same time, allowing the elite French troops to defeat them one by one.[7] Troops under Overkirk, however, were finally able to chase off the French cavalry.[8] Waldeck, meanwhile, rushed with the infantry to Leuze, but blew off the attack when Luxembourg saw him approaching.[7]

The Allied infantry, including Mackay's Regiment [9] also took part in the battle but did not see much action.

Discover more about Battle of Leuze related topics

Nine Years' War

Nine Years' War

The Nine Years' War (1688–1697), also known as the War of the Grand Alliance or War of the League of Augsburg, was a conflict between France and the Grand Alliance, a coalition including the Holy Roman Empire, the Dutch Republic, England, Spain, and Savoy. While concentrated in Europe, fighting spread to the Americas, India, and West Africa, and it has been called the first world war. Related conflicts included the Williamite war in Ireland, and King William's War in North America.

William III of England

William III of England

William III, also widely known as William of Orange, was the sovereign Prince of Orange from birth, Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders, and Overijssel in the Dutch Republic from the 1670s, and King of England, Ireland, and Scotland from 1689 until his death in 1702. As King of Scotland, he is known as William II. He is sometimes informally known as "King Billy" in Ireland and Scotland. His victory at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690 is commemorated by Unionists, who display orange colours in his honour. He ruled Britain alongside his wife and cousin, Queen Mary II, and popular histories usually refer to their reign as that of "William and Mary".

Prince Georg Friedrich of Waldeck

Prince Georg Friedrich of Waldeck

Prince Georg Friedrich of Waldeck was a German and Dutch Field Marshal and, for the last three years of his life, Grand Master of the Order of Saint John.

Tournai

Tournai

Tournai or Tournay is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the Province of Hainaut, Belgium. It lies 89 km (55 mi) by road southwest of the centre of Brussels on the river Scheldt, and is part of Eurometropolis Lille–Kortrijk–Tournai, In 2022, the municipality of Tournai had an estimated population of 68,518 people.

Claude Frédéric t'Serclaes, Count of Tilly

Claude Frédéric t'Serclaes, Count of Tilly

Claude Frederic T'Serclaes, Count of Tilly, was a soldier and later general in the Dutch States Army.

Walrad, Prince of Nassau-Usingen

Walrad, Prince of Nassau-Usingen

Walrad Usingen of Nassau, was from 1659 Count, and from 1688 Prince of Nassau-Usingen and founder of Usingen line of the House of Nassau.

Henry de Nassau, Lord Overkirk

Henry de Nassau, Lord Overkirk

Henry, Count of Nassau, Lord of Overkirk was a Dutch military general and second cousin of King William III of England and his Master of the Horse. Lord of Ouwerkerk and Woudenberg in the Netherlands, he was called by the English "Lord Overkirk" or "Count Overkirk".

Source: "Battle of Leuze", Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, (2023, March 10th), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Leuze.

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Further Reading

Battle of Fleurus (1690)

Battle of Malplaquet

Battle of Seneffe

Battle of Steenkerque

François-Henri de Montmorency, duc de Luxembourg

Battle of Landen

Battle of Cassel (1677)

Battle of Saint-Denis (1678)

Battle of Almenar

Siege of Namur (1692)

Battle of Elixheim

Battle of Ekeren

Siege of Mons (1691)

Siege of Valenciennes (1676–1677)

Siege of Cambrai (1677)

Hans Willem van Aylva

Claude Frédéric t'Serclaes, Count of Tilly

Siege of Naarden (1673)
References
  1. ^ a b Gillespie 2021, p. 61.
  2. ^ Zabecki 2014, p. 476.
  3. ^ Tucker 2014, p. 461.
  4. ^ DK 2009, p. 412.
  5. ^ Lynn 1999, p. 219.
  6. ^ Van Nimwegen 2020, pp. 221.
  7. ^ a b Van Nimwegen 2020, pp. 220.
  8. ^ Wijn 1950, p. 46.
  9. ^ "Mackay Murray regiment of foot". www.spanishsuccession.nl.
Sources
  • Van Nimwegen, Olaf (2020). De Veertigjarige Oorlog 1672–1712: de strijd van de Nederlanders tegen de Zonnekoning [The 40 Years' War 1672–1712: the Dutch struggle against the Sun King] (in Dutch). Prometheus. ISBN 978-90-446-3871-4.
  • Wijn, J.W. (1950). Het Staatsche Leger: Deel VII (The Dutch States Army: Part VII) (in Dutch). Martinus Nijhoff.
  • Gillespie, Alexander (2021). The Causes of War: Volume IV: 1650 - 1800. Bloomsbury Publishing.
  • Zabecki, David T. (2014). Germany at War: 400 Years of Military History [4 volumes]: 400 Years of Military History. ABC-CLIO.
  • Tucker, Spencer C. (2014). 500 Great Military Leaders [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO.
  • Lynn, John (1999). The Wars of Louis XIV, 1667–1714 (Modern Wars in Perspective). Longman. ISBN 978-0582056299.
  • DK (2009). War: The Definitive Visual History. Penguin.
External links

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