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2006 United States Senate election in Vermont

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2006 United States Senate election in Vermont

← 2000 November 7, 2006 (2006-11-07) 2012 →
  Bernie Sanders (cropped).jpg Tarrant1972.png
Nominee Bernie Sanders Richard Tarrant
Party Independent Republican
Popular vote 171,638 84,924
Percentage 65.4% 32.3%

2006 United States Senate election in Vermont results map by county.svg
2006 United States Senate election in Vermont results map by municipality.svg
Sanders:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%
Tarrant:      60–70%
Tie:      40–50%

U.S. senator before election

Jim Jeffords
Independent

Elected U.S. Senator

Bernie Sanders
Independent

The 2006 United States Senate election in Vermont was held November 7, 2006. Incumbent independent Senator Jim Jeffords decided to retire rather than seek reelection to a fourth term, and Bernie Sanders was elected to succeed him.

Sanders, who represented Vermont's at-large House district as an independent, won the Democratic primary, and then dropped out to run as an independent. Many Democratic politicians across the country endorsed him, and no Democrat was on the ballot. The state committee of the Vermont Democratic Party voted unanimously to endorse Sanders.[1]

Sanders won the seat with 65% of the vote. His win marked the first Republican loss for this seat in 152 years, decisively ending the longest single-party Senate winning streak in history.[2]

Discover more about 2006 United States Senate election in Vermont related topics

United States Senate

United States Senate

The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States.

Jim Jeffords

Jim Jeffords

James Merrill Jeffords was an American lawyer and politician who served as a U.S. senator from Vermont. Sworn into the Senate in 1989, he served as a Republican until 2001, when he left the party to become an independent and began caucusing with the Democrats. Jeffords retired from the Senate in 2007. Prior to serving in the Senate, he served as the U.S. representative for Vermont's at-large congressional district from 1975 to 1989.

Bernie Sanders

Bernie Sanders

Bernard Sanders is an American politician serving as the senior United States senator from Vermont, a seat he has held since 2007. He was the U.S. representative for the state's at-large congressional district from 1991 to 2007. Sanders is the longest-serving independent in U.S. congressional history. He has a close relationship with the Democratic Party, having caucused with House and Senate Democrats for most of his congressional career. A self-described democratic socialist, he is often seen as a leader of the progressive movement in the United States. Sanders unsuccessfully sought the Democratic Party nomination for president of the United States in 2016 and 2020, finishing in second place in both campaigns. Before his election to Congress, he was mayor of Burlington, Vermont.

Vermont's at-large congressional district

Vermont's at-large congressional district

Vermont has been represented in the United States House of Representatives by a single at-large congressional district since the 1930 census, when the state lost its second seat, obsoleting its 1st and 2nd congressional districts. There were once six districts in Vermont, all of which were eliminated after various censuses.

Democratic Party (United States)

Democratic Party (United States)

The Democratic Party is one of two major contemporary political parties in the United States. Founded in 1828, it was predominantly built by Martin Van Buren, who assembled politicians in every state behind war hero Andrew Jackson, making it the world's oldest active political party. Its main political rival has been the Republican Party since the 1850s, with both parties being big tents of competing and often opposing viewpoints. Modern American liberalism — a variant of social liberalism — is the party's majority ideology. The party also has notable centrist, social democratic, and left-libertarian factions.

Primary election

Primary election

Primary elections, or direct primary are a voting process by which voters can indicate their preference for their party's candidate, or a candidate in general, in an upcoming general election, local election, or by-election. Depending on the country and administrative divisions within the country, voters might consist of the general public in what is called an open primary, or solely the members of a political party in what is called a closed primary. In addition to these, there are other variants on primaries that are used by many countries holding elections throughout the world.

Vermont Democratic Party

Vermont Democratic Party

The Vermont Democratic Party is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Vermont.

Democratic primary

After Jeffords retired, there was brief speculation that DNC chair Howard Dean, a former governor and 2004 presidential candidate, would run for Senate. After Dean quickly issued a statement that he would not run, independent Representative Bernie Sanders became the subject of media attention, and ultimately entered and won the race.[3]

Candidates

Declared

Declined

Results

Sanders won the Democratic primary, but declined the nomination, leaving no Democratic nominee on the ballot. This victory ensured that no Democrat would appear on the general election ballot to split the vote with Sanders, an ally of the Democrats who had been supported by leaders in the Democratic Party.[8]

Democratic primary results[9]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Bernie Sanders 35,954 94.15
Democratic Louis W. Thabault 585 1.53
Democratic Craig Hill 504 1.32
Democratic Larry Drown 403 1.05
Democratic Peter Moss 384 1.00
Democratic Write-ins 355 0.93
Total votes 38,186 100.0

Discover more about Democratic primary related topics

Howard Dean

Howard Dean

Howard Brush Dean III is an American physician, author, consultant, and retired politician who served as the 79th governor of Vermont from 1991 to 2003 and chair of the Democratic National Committee (DNC) from 2005 to 2009. Dean was an unsuccessful candidate for the Democratic nomination in the 2004 presidential election. Later, his implementation of the fifty-state strategy as head of the DNC is credited with the Democratic victories in the 2006 and 2008 elections. Afterward, he became a political commentator and consultant to McKenna Long & Aldridge, a law and lobbying firm.

2004 Democratic Party presidential primaries

2004 Democratic Party presidential primaries

From January 14 to June 8, 2004, voters of the Democratic Party chose its nominee for president in the 2004 United States presidential election.

Bernie Sanders

Bernie Sanders

Bernard Sanders is an American politician serving as the senior United States senator from Vermont, a seat he has held since 2007. He was the U.S. representative for the state's at-large congressional district from 1991 to 2007. Sanders is the longest-serving independent in U.S. congressional history. He has a close relationship with the Democratic Party, having caucused with House and Senate Democrats for most of his congressional career. A self-described democratic socialist, he is often seen as a leader of the progressive movement in the United States. Sanders unsuccessfully sought the Democratic Party nomination for president of the United States in 2016 and 2020, finishing in second place in both campaigns. Before his election to Congress, he was mayor of Burlington, Vermont.

Perennial candidate

Perennial candidate

A perennial candidate is a political candidate who frequently runs for elected office and rarely, if ever, wins. Perennial candidates' existence lies in the fact that in some countries, there are no laws that limit a number of times a person can run for office, or laws that impose a non-negligible financial penalty on registering to run for election.

Chemical engineer

Chemical engineer

In the field of engineering, a chemical engineer is a professional, equipped with the knowledge of chemical engineering, who works principally in the chemical industry to convert basic raw materials into a variety of products and deals with the design and operation of plants and equipment. In general, a chemical engineer is one who applies and uses principles of chemical engineering in any of its various practical applications; these often includeDesign, manufacture, and operation of plants and machinery in industrial chemical and related processes Development of new or adapted substances for products ranging from foods and beverages to cosmetics to cleaners to pharmaceutical ingredients, among many other products Development of new technologies such as fuel cells, hydrogen power and nanotechnology, as well as working in fields wholly or partially derived from chemical engineering such as materials science, polymer engineering, and biomedical engineering. This can include working of geophysical projects such as rivers, stones, and signs

Postal worker

Postal worker

A postal worker is one who works for a post office, such as a mail carrier. In the U.S., postal workers are represented by the National Association of Letter Carriers, AFL–CIO, National Postal Mail Handlers Union – NPMHU, the National Association of Rural Letter Carriers and the American Postal Workers Union, part of the AFL–CIO. In Canada, they are represented by the Canadian Union of Postal Workers and in the United Kingdom by the Communication Workers Union.

1972 United States Senate special election in Vermont

1972 United States Senate special election in Vermont

The 1972 United States Senate special election in Vermont took place on January 7, 1972. Incumbent Republican Robert Stafford, appointed in September 1971 to fill the vacancy created by the death of Winston L. Prouty, successfully ran for election to the remainder of Prouty's term in the United States Senate. Stafford defeated Democratic candidate Randolph T. Major. Liberty Union candidate Bernie Sanders received 2% of the vote and was later elected to this seat in 2006 as an independent.

Governor of Vermont

Governor of Vermont

The governor of Vermont is the head of government of the U.S. state of Vermont. The officeholder is elected in even-numbered years by direct voting for a term of two years. Vermont and bordering New Hampshire are the only states to hold gubernatorial elections every two years, instead of every four as in the other 48 U.S. states.

Democratic National Committee

Democratic National Committee

The Democratic National Committee (DNC) is the governing body of the United States Democratic Party. The committee coordinates strategy to support Democratic Party candidates throughout the country for local, state, and national office, as well as works to establish a "party brand". It organizes the Democratic National Convention held every four years to nominate a candidate for President of the United States and to formulate the party platform. While it provides support for party candidates, it does not have direct authority over elected officials. When a Democrat is president, the White House controls the Committee. According to Boris Heersink, "political scientists have traditionally described the parties’ national committees as inconsequential but impartial service providers."

Doug Racine

Doug Racine

Douglas Alan Racine is an American politician and former Vermont Secretary of Human Services, a former Vermont State Senator and was the 79th lieutenant governor of Vermont from 1997 to 2003. He is a Democrat. Racine was a candidate for the 2010 Democratic nomination for Governor of Vermont. He previously ran for governor in 2002, but lost to Republican Jim Douglas. In an election where no candidate won a majority, Douglas won a 45% plurality, and Racine declined to contest the outcome before the Vermont General Assembly.

Democratic Party (United States)

Democratic Party (United States)

The Democratic Party is one of two major contemporary political parties in the United States. Founded in 1828, it was predominantly built by Martin Van Buren, who assembled politicians in every state behind war hero Andrew Jackson, making it the world's oldest active political party. Its main political rival has been the Republican Party since the 1850s, with both parties being big tents of competing and often opposing viewpoints. Modern American liberalism — a variant of social liberalism — is the party's majority ideology. The party also has notable centrist, social democratic, and left-libertarian factions.

Republican primary

National Republicans pressured Lieutenant Governor Brian Dubie to enter the race, and he formed an exploratory committee to do so, but the committee raised little money and Dubie opted not to run.[10][11] Governor Jim Douglas also declined to run.[10]

Businessman Richard Tarrant announced his campaign in October 2005.[11] Tarrant largely self-funded his campaign, and frequently denounced political partisanship.[12]

Candidates

Declined

Endorsements

Greg Parke

Results

Republican primary[16]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Richard Tarrant 22,008 61.84
Republican Greg Parke 10,479 29.44
Republican Cris Ericson 1,722 4.84
Republican Write-ins 1,382 3.88
Total votes 35,591 100.00

Discover more about Republican primary related topics

Brian Dubie

Brian Dubie

Brian E. Dubie is an American politician who was the 80th lieutenant governor of Vermont from 2003 to 2011. He lost the 2010 election for governor of Vermont by fewer than 5,000 votes.

Jim Douglas

Jim Douglas

James Holley Douglas is an American politician from the state of Vermont. A Republican, he served the 80th governor of Vermont from 2003 to 2011. On August 27, 2009, Douglas announced that he would not seek re-election for a fifth term in 2010. He left the office in January 2011.

Richard Tarrant (politician)

Richard Tarrant (politician)

Richard Edward Tarrant is an American businessman and politician. He was the Republican nominee for U.S. Senator from Vermont in 2006, but lost the election to Representative Bernie Sanders. Tarrant and his wife, Deborah, reside in Colchester, Vermont, where he works for his charitable foundation.

Partisan (politics)

Partisan (politics)

A partisan is a committed member of a political party. In multi-party systems, the term is used for persons who strongly support their party's policies and are reluctant to compromise with political opponents.

Cris Ericson

Cris Ericson

Cris Ericson is an American marijuana legalization activist and perennial candidate for public office in Vermont. She has unsuccessfully run for the governorship of Vermont nine times and for a seat in the United States Congress eight times.

2004 United States House of Representatives elections

2004 United States House of Representatives elections

The 2004 United States House of Representatives elections were held on November 2, 2004 to elect all 435 seats of the chamber. It coincided with the re-election of President George W. Bush as well as many Senate elections and gubernatorial elections. Prior to the election in the 108th Congress, Republicans held 227 seats, Democrats held 205, with two Republican vacancies and one independent. As a result of this election, the 109th Congress began composed of 232 Republicans, 201 Democrats, one independent, and one vacancy.

Governor of Vermont

Governor of Vermont

The governor of Vermont is the head of government of the U.S. state of Vermont. The officeholder is elected in even-numbered years by direct voting for a term of two years. Vermont and bordering New Hampshire are the only states to hold gubernatorial elections every two years, instead of every four as in the other 48 U.S. states.

Swift Vets and POWs for Truth

Swift Vets and POWs for Truth

Swift Vets and POWs for Truth, formerly known as the Swift Boat Veterans for Truth (SBVT), was a political group of United States Swift boat veterans and former prisoners of war of the Vietnam War, formed during the 2004 presidential election campaign for the purpose of opposing John Kerry's candidacy for the presidency. The campaign inspired the widely used political pejorative "swiftboating", to describe an unfair or untrue political attack. The group disbanded and ceased operations on May 31, 2008.

Walter E. Freed

Walter E. Freed

Walter E. Freed is a Vermont politician and businessman who served two terms as Speaker of the Vermont House of Representatives.

General election

Candidates

  • Peter Diamondstone (Liberty Union), socialist activist and perennial candidate
  • Cris Ericson (Independent)
  • Craig Hill (Green), electronics marketer[1]
  • Peter Moss (Independent)
  • Bernie Sanders (Independent), U.S. Representative from VT-AL
  • Richard Tarrant (Republican), businessman

Campaign

In mid-August 2006, the campaign heated up considerably, with Tarrant fully engaged in heavy media advertising, most of which criticized Sanders's public stances. Tarrant ran several ads accusing Sanders of representing himself differently from his voting record in the House of Representatives, citing such examples as Sanders's votes against Amber Alert and against increased penalties for child pornography. Sanders responded with an ad stating that Tarrant's claims were "dishonest" and "distort my record", and presented what he viewed as more accurate explanations of his voting record.[17]

Tarrant also claimed that Sanders's election would lead to an exodus of businesses from Vermont.[18] Sanders based his campaign on a well-tested message of fixing economic inequality, and ran a positive campaign that took advantage of his high name recognition in the state.[19]

Endorsements

Bernie Sanders (I)
Federal officials
State officials
Individuals
Organizations
Newspapers and publications
Richard Tarrant (R)
Federal officials
State officials
Individuals

Fund-raising

The election was the most expensive political campaign in Vermont history.[31]

Tarrant was a self-funded candidate, with 98% of all his campaign expenditures coming from personal sources. He spent $7,315,854 total.[32] Sanders' top contributors include the plaintiffs' law firm Baron & Budd; the International Union of Operating Engineers; the Laborers' International Union of North America; and the Communication Workers of America. Sanders raised $5,554,466 total.[33] In total, Tarrant and Sanders spent $13,771,060.[32] Tarrant spent $85 per vote, the largest cost per vote of any race in the country during 2006, while Sanders spent $34 per vote.[34]

Debates

2022 United States Senate election in Vermont Debate
No. Date Host Moderator Link Participants
 P  Participant   A  Absent   N  Non-invitee   I  Invitee   W  Withdrawn
Richard Tarrant Bernie Sanders
1 October 23, 2006 C-SPAN Thom Hallock C-SPAN P P

Polling

Source Date Bernie
Sanders (I)
Richard
Tarrant (R)


Research 2000 November 1, 2005 64% 16%
Rasmussen January 5, 2006 70% 25%
Doyle Poll March 7, 2006 62% 26%
Research 2000 May 11, 2006 61% 24%
Rasmussen June 16, 2006 67% 29%
American Research Group July 27, 2006 56% 35%
Rasmussen August 3, 2006 62% 34%
American Research Group September 15, 2006 55% 40%
Research 2000 September 18–19, 2006 58% 33%
Rasmussen September 24, 2006 64% 32%
Research 2000 October 23–24, 2006 57% 36%

Results

Official results from the Vermont United States Senate.[35]

2006 United States Senate election in Vermont
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Bernie Sanders 171,638 65.4% N/A
Republican Richard Tarrant 84,924 32.3% -33.2
Independent Cris Ericson 1,735 0.66% N/A
Green Craig Hill 1,536 0.59% N/A
Independent Peter D. Moss 1,518 0.58% N/A
Liberty Union Peter Diamondstone 801 0.31% -0.2
Write-in 267 0.10% 0
Total votes 262,419 100.0% N/A
Independent hold

Sanders won a majority of the votes in every county in the state, with 57% as his lowest county total. He has served as a U.S. Senator for Vermont ever since.

Discover more about General election related topics

Bernie Sanders

Bernie Sanders

Bernard Sanders is an American politician serving as the senior United States senator from Vermont, a seat he has held since 2007. He was the U.S. representative for the state's at-large congressional district from 1991 to 2007. Sanders is the longest-serving independent in U.S. congressional history. He has a close relationship with the Democratic Party, having caucused with House and Senate Democrats for most of his congressional career. A self-described democratic socialist, he is often seen as a leader of the progressive movement in the United States. Sanders unsuccessfully sought the Democratic Party nomination for president of the United States in 2016 and 2020, finishing in second place in both campaigns. Before his election to Congress, he was mayor of Burlington, Vermont.

Barack Obama

Barack Obama

Barack Hussein Obama II is an American former politician who served as the 44th president of the United States from 2009 to 2017. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the first African-American president of the United States. Obama previously served as a U.S. senator from Illinois from 2005 to 2008 and as an Illinois state senator from 1997 to 2004, and previously worked as a civil rights lawyer before entering politics.

Illinois

Illinois

Illinois is a state in the Midwestern United States. It shares borders with Wisconsin to its north, Iowa to its northwest, Missouri to its southwest, Kentucky to its south, and Indiana to its east. Its largest metropolitan areas include the Chicago metropolitan area, and the Metro East section, of Greater St. Louis. Other metropolitan areas include Peoria and Rockford, as well as Springfield, its capital. Of the fifty U.S. states, Illinois has the fifth-largest gross domestic product (GDP), the sixth-largest population, and the 25th-largest land area.

Harry Reid

Harry Reid

Harry Mason Reid Jr. was an American lawyer and politician who served as a United States senator from Nevada from 1987 to 2017. He led the Senate Democratic Caucus from 2005 to 2017 and was the Senate Majority Leader from 2007 to 2015.

Chuck Schumer

Chuck Schumer

Charles Ellis Schumer is an American politician serving as the senior United States senator from New York, a seat he has held since 1999, and as Senate Majority Leader since 2021. The dean of New York's congressional delegation, Schumer is in his fifth Senate term and has been the leader of the Democratic caucus since 2017; he served as minority leader from 2017 to 2021. Schumer is currently the longest-serving senator from New York, after having surpassed both Daniel Patrick Moynihan and Jacob K. Javits in 2023.

Howard Dean

Howard Dean

Howard Brush Dean III is an American physician, author, consultant, and retired politician who served as the 79th governor of Vermont from 1991 to 2003 and chair of the Democratic National Committee (DNC) from 2005 to 2009. Dean was an unsuccessful candidate for the Democratic nomination in the 2004 presidential election. Later, his implementation of the fifty-state strategy as head of the DNC is credited with the Democratic victories in the 2006 and 2008 elections. Afterward, he became a political commentator and consultant to McKenna Long & Aldridge, a law and lobbying firm.

Governor of Vermont

Governor of Vermont

The governor of Vermont is the head of government of the U.S. state of Vermont. The officeholder is elected in even-numbered years by direct voting for a term of two years. Vermont and bordering New Hampshire are the only states to hold gubernatorial elections every two years, instead of every four as in the other 48 U.S. states.

Democratic National Committee

Democratic National Committee

The Democratic National Committee (DNC) is the governing body of the United States Democratic Party. The committee coordinates strategy to support Democratic Party candidates throughout the country for local, state, and national office, as well as works to establish a "party brand". It organizes the Democratic National Convention held every four years to nominate a candidate for President of the United States and to formulate the party platform. While it provides support for party candidates, it does not have direct authority over elected officials. When a Democrat is president, the White House controls the Committee. According to Boris Heersink, "political scientists have traditionally described the parties’ national committees as inconsequential but impartial service providers."

Jon Fishman

Jon Fishman

Jon Fishman is an American drummer known for his work with the band Phish, which he co-founded in 1983, and which was, in part, named after him. He is credited with co-writing nineteen Phish songs, eight with a solo credit.

Grace Potter

Grace Potter

Grace Evelyn Potter is an American singer-songwriter and musician who formed Grace Potter and the Nocturnals in 2002. Potter released her debut solo record Original Soul on 2004 via Grace Potter Music. Potter and her band parted ways in 2015, just before the release of her solo album, Midnight. Her latest album, Daylight, was released in 2019. In 2011, Potter and Higher Ground founded Grand Point North music festival in Burlington, Vermont. The music festival celebrates local acts, promotes area businesses and has attracted national performing artists, including Kenny Chesney, Jackson Browne, The Avett Brothers, Trey Anastasio, Nathaniel Rateliff, The Flaming Lips, Trampled By Turtles, Gov't Mule, and more.

Kesha Ram

Kesha Ram

Kesha Ram Hinsdale is an American activist and politician who serves as a member of the Vermont Senate. She served in the Vermont House of Representatives from 2009 to 2016, representing the Chittenden 6-4 District, which encompasses the Hill Section of Burlington and the University of Vermont. In her early career, Ram was the youngest member of the House of Representatives and the youngest state legislator in the country. She is the youngest Indian American to ever serve in state elected office.

Jeffrey P. Weaver

Jeffrey P. Weaver

Jeffrey P. Weaver is an American political strategist who served as campaign manager for the Bernie Sanders 2016 presidential campaign and an advisor for the Bernie Sanders 2020 presidential campaign. He formerly served as the campaign manager for Sanders's 2006 United States Senate election and as chief of staff in Sanders's House and Senate offices. In August 2016, Weaver was named president of Our Revolution, a political organization created by Sanders, a position he held until June 2017. In May 2018, his book How Bernie Won: Inside the Revolution That's Taking Back Our Country was published.

Source: "2006 United States Senate election in Vermont", Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, (2023, February 24th), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_United_States_Senate_election_in_Vermont.

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References
  1. ^ a b c d Democratic primary is far from ordinary (September 11, 2006). Barre-Montpelier Times-Argus.
  2. ^ The partisan history of every U.S. Senate seat, in 1 awesome chart. The Washington Post.
  3. ^ Scott, Julia (April 21, 2005). "Dean stays in his chair". Salon. Retrieved December 18, 2022.
  4. ^ M.D. Drysdale, Primary Election Is Next Tuesday Archived July 16, 2016, at the Wayback Machine (September 7, 2009). Herald.
  5. ^ Klein, Rick (July 13, 2006). "Party shuns Vermont Democrats in race: Seeks to clear way for independent in US Senate bid". Boston Globe.
  6. ^ Scott, Julia (April 25, 2005). "Dean stays in his chair". Salon. Retrieved March 2, 2021.
  7. ^ a b Porter, Louis (July 12, 2005). "Senate hopeful plans to spend $500,000 of his own money". The Barre-Montpelier Times-Argus. Vermont Press Bureau. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  8. ^ Thursday, April 21, 2005, Bernard Sanders, 63, announces run for Vermont's U.S. Senate seat after Incumbent Independent Jim Jeffords announces his retirement.
  9. ^ "2006 U.S. Senate Democratic Primary". Vermont Secretary of State. 2006. Retrieved May 20, 2021.
  10. ^ a b c "Vermont governor won't run for Senate". The Boston Globe. Associated Press. May 2, 2005. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  11. ^ a b Freyne, Peter (October 19, 2005). "Tarrant's Political Debut". Seven Days VT. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  12. ^ a b c d e Gram, David (May 3, 2006). "Tarrant vows to end 'partisan hatred'". The Barre-Montpelier Times-Argus. Associated Press. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  13. ^ a b c "Republicans face ideological choice in primary". The Burlington Free Press. September 5, 2006. p. 1. Archived from the original on August 19, 2020. Retrieved August 19, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  14. ^ a b Stolberg, Sheryl Gay (April 21, 2005). "Jeffords to Leave the Senate, Setting Off Vermont Scramble". The New York Times. Retrieved May 21, 2021.
  15. ^ a b c Robeznieks, Andis (February 10, 2006). "IDX co-founder using noodle on campaign". Modern Healthcare. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  16. ^ "2006 U.S. Senate Republican Primary". Vermont Secretary of State. 2006. Retrieved May 20, 2021.
  17. ^ "How Bernie Sanders Responds to Negative, Mudslinging Attack Ads: Check the Facts!". Youtube. Archived from the original on December 21, 2021. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
  18. ^ Allen, Darren M. (November 8, 2006). "Sanders whips Tarrant for U.S. Senate seat". Times Argus. Retrieved July 15, 2021.
  19. ^ a b Heintz, Paul (February 24, 2020). "Bernie vs. "Richie Rich": The 2006 Race That Prepared Sanders for Bloomberg". Seven Days VT. Retrieved July 15, 2021.
  20. ^ Talbot, Toby (November 30, 2016). "Bernie Sanders and Barack Obama, 2006". Journal Times. Retrieved July 15, 2021.
  21. ^ a b Gachon, Nicolas (2021). Bernie Sanders's Democratic Socialism: Holding Utopia Accountable. Springer Nature. p. 90. ISBN 9783030696610.
  22. ^ Lehmann, Evan (May 10, 2005). "Howard Dean endorses Bernie Sanders' run for U.S. Senate". Bennington Banner. Retrieved January 8, 2022.
  23. ^ a b c "Part of Phish to play at law-maker's fundraiser". St. Cloud Times. May 1, 2006. Retrieved January 15, 2022.
  24. ^ "America Needs a new direction". The Burlington Free Press. April 30, 2006. Retrieved December 1, 2021.
  25. ^ "DFA Backs Sanders and Welch". WCAX. February 13, 2006. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved February 3, 2007.
  26. ^ Totten, Shay (April 30, 2005). "Vermont Gov. Jim Douglas won't run for Jeffords' Senate seat". Vermont Guardian. Archived from the original on May 1, 2005. Retrieved October 16, 2021.
  27. ^ a b c d "Newspapers endorse Bernie Sanders". The Burlington Free Press. November 2, 2006. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
  28. ^ "Esquire Endorses America". Esquire. November 1, 2006. Retrieved July 15, 2021.
  29. ^ "Vermont Woman's Candidate Endorsements". Vermont Woman. October 2006. Retrieved July 15, 2021.
  30. ^ "McCain to support Tarrant candidacy". The Burlington Free Press. Associated Press. August 12, 2006. Retrieved January 11, 2022.
  31. ^ Wilson Ring, Sanders, Welch win in Vermont races (November 8, 2006). Associated Press.
  32. ^ a b "Congressional Races - 2006 Vermont Senate". Opensecrets.org. OpenSecrets. February 2, 2007. Archived from the original on February 19, 2007. Retrieved February 3, 2007.
  33. ^ "Vermont Senate: 2006 Race Profile - Top Contributors". Opensecrets.org. OpenSecrets. December 11, 2006. Archived from the original on December 14, 2006. Retrieved February 3, 2007.
  34. ^ Ottenhoff, Patrick (January 31, 2007). "What's the value of a vote". NBC News.
  35. ^ "Our Campaigns - VT US Senate Race - Nov 07, 2006". ourcampaigns.com. 2008. Retrieved August 25, 2015.
External links
Official campaign websites (Archived)

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