1952 United States House of Representatives elections
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All 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives 218 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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![]() Results: Democratic hold Democratic gain Republican hold Republican gain Independent hold | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 1952 United States House of Representatives elections was an election for the United States House of Representatives to elect members to serve in the 83rd United States Congress. They were held for the most part on November 4, 1952, while Maine held theirs on September 8. This was the first election after the congressional reapportionment based on the 1950 Census. It also coincided with the election of President Dwight Eisenhower. Eisenhower's Republican Party gained 22 seats from the Democratic Party, gaining a majority of the House. However, the Democrats had almost 250,000 more votes (0.4%) thanks to overwhelming margins in the Solid South. It was also the last election when both major parties increased their share of the popular vote simultaneously, largely due to the disintegration of the American Labor Party and other third parties.
Outgoing President Harry Truman's dismal approval rating was one reason why his party lost its House majority. Also, continued uneasiness about the Korean War was an important factor. Joseph Martin (R-Massachusetts) became Speaker of the House, exchanging places with Sam Rayburn (D-Texas), who became the new Minority Leader.
This would be the last time Republicans would have a Majority in the House of Representatives until 1994, as despite the GOP controlling the Presidency for a majority of that time, Democrats performed vastly superior in down-ballot elections, especially in the South, which had started to drift towards Republican Presidential candidates. As of 2020, this is the last time the House changed partisan control during a presidential cycle, and the last time both houses did so simultaneously.[1]
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Overall results
221 | 1 | 213 |
Republican | I | Democratic |
Party | Total seats |
Seat change |
Seat percentage |
Vote percenate |
Popular vote | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic Party | 213 | ![]() |
49.0% | 49.8% | 28,642,537 | |||
Republican Party | 221 | ![]() |
50.8% | 49.3% | 28,393,794 | |||
Progressive Party | 0 | ![]() |
0.0% | 0.3% | 145,171 | |||
Liberal Party | 0 | ![]() |
0.0% | 0.2% | 113,631 | |||
Independents | 1 | ![]() |
0.2% | 0.2% | 111,780 | |||
American Labor Party | 0 | ![]() |
0.0% | 0.2% | 95,597 | |||
Prohibition Party | 0 | ![]() |
0.0% | 0.1% | 38,664 | |||
People's Choice Party | 0 | ![]() |
0.0% | 8,853 | ||||
Socialist Party | 0 | ![]() |
0.0% | 4,892 | ||||
Increase Jobless Pay Party | 0 | ![]() |
0.0% | 3,432 | ||||
People's Rights Party | 0 | ![]() |
0.0% | 2,434 | ||||
Socialist Workers Party | 0 | ![]() |
0.0% | 1,750 | ||||
Square Deal Party | 0 | ![]() |
0.0% | 548 | ||||
Independent Citizens Committee | 0 | ![]() |
0.0% | 247 | ||||
Socialist Labor Party | 0 | ![]() |
0.0% | 177 | ||||
Others | 0 | ![]() |
0.0% | 7,233 | ||||
Totals | 435 | ![]() |
100.0% | 100.0% | 57,570,740 | |||
Source: Election Statistics - Office of the Clerk |
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Special elections
Four special elections were held to finish terms in the 82nd United States Congress, which would end January 3, 1953.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
New York 5 | T. Vincent Quinn | Democratic | 1948 | Resigned December 30, 1951. New member elected February 19, 1952. Republican gain. Winner subsequently lost re-election in November. |
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New York 32 | William T. Byrne | Democratic | 1944 | Incumbent died January 27, 1952. New member elected April 1, 1952. Democratic hold. Winner subsequently won re-election in November. |
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Kentucky 2 | John A. Whitaker | Democratic | 1948 (Special) | Incumbent died December 15, 1951. New member elected August 2, 1952. Democratic hold. Winner subsequently won re-election in November. |
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Texas 7 | Tom Pickett | Democratic | 1944 | Incumbent resigned June 30, 1952. New member elected September 23, 1952. Democratic hold. Winner subsequently won re-election in November. |
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Alabama
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama 1 | Frank W. Boykin | Democratic | 1935 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Alabama 2 | George M. Grant | Democratic | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Alabama 3 | George W. Andrews | Democratic | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Alabama 4 | Kenneth A. Roberts | Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Alabama 5 | Albert Rains | Democratic | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Alabama 6 | Edward deGraffenried | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Alabama 7 | Carl Elliott | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Alabama 8 | Robert E. Jones Jr. | Democratic | 1947 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Alabama 9 | Laurie C. Battle | Democratic | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Arizona
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Arizona 1 | John R. Murdock | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Arizona 2 | Harold Patten | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Arkansas
Arkansas lost one seat in reapportionment leaving it with 6; the existing 4th district along the western edge of the state lost some of its territory to the 3rd district in the northwest, and the rest was merged with the 7th district in the south, with minor changes to other districts.[2]
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Arkansas 1 | Ezekiel C. Gathings | Democratic | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Arkansas 2 | Wilbur Mills | Democratic | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Arkansas 3 | James William Trimble | Democratic | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Arkansas 4 | Boyd Anderson Tackett | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent retired to run for Governor of Arkansas. Democratic loss. |
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Oren Harris Redistricted from the 7th district |
Democratic | 1940 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Arkansas 5 | Brooks Hays | Democratic | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Arkansas 6 | William F. Norrell | Democratic | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California
Seven new seats were added in reapportionment, increasing the delegation from 23 to 30 seats. Two of the new seats were won by Democrats, and five by Republicans. One Republican and one Democratic incumbents lost re-election, and a retiring Democrat was replaced by a Republican. Overall, therefore, Democrats gained one seat and Republicans gained 7.
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
California 1 | Hubert B. Scudder | Republican | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 2 | Clair Engle | Democratic | 1943 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 3 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
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California 4 | Franck R. Havenner | Democratic | 1936/1944 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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California 5 | John F. Shelley | Democratic | 1949 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 6 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
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California 7 | John J. Allen Jr. | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 8 | George P. Miller Redistricted from the 6th district |
Democratic | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 9 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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California 10 | Jack Z. Anderson Redistricted from the 8th district |
Republican | 1938 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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California 11 | J. Leroy Johnson Redistricted from the 3rd district |
Republican | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 12 | Allan O. Hunter Redistricted from the 9th district |
Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 13 | Ernest K. Bramblett Redistricted from the 11th district |
Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 14 | Thomas H. Werdel Redistricted from the 10th district |
Republican | 1948 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
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California 15 | Gordon L. McDonough | Republican | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 16 | Donald L. Jackson | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 17 | Cecil R. King | Democratic | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 18 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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California 19 | Chet Holifield | Democratic | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 20 | John Carl Hinshaw | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 21 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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California 22 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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California 23 | Clyde Doyle Redistricted from the 18th district |
Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 24 | Norris Poulson Redistricted from the 13th district |
Republican | 1932/1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 25 | Patrick J. Hillings Redistricted from the 12th district |
Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 26 | Sam Yorty Redistricted from the 14th district |
Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 27 | Harry R. Sheppard Redistricted from the 21st district |
Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 28 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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California 29 | John Phillips Redistricted from the 22nd district |
Republican | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 30 | Clinton D. McKinnon Redistricted from the 23rd district |
Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Colorado
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Colorado 1 | Byron G. Rogers | Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Colorado 2 | William S. Hill | Republican | 1940 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Colorado 3 | John Chenoweth | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Colorado 4 | Wayne N. Aspinall | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Connecticut
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Connecticut 1 | Abraham A. Ribicoff | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Connecticut 2 | Horace Seely-Brown Jr. | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Connecticut 3 | John A. McGuire | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Connecticut 4 | Albert P. Morano | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Connecticut 5 | James T. Patterson | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Connecticut at-large | Antoni N. Sadlak | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Delaware
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Delaware at-large | J. Caleb Boggs | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent retired to run for Governor of Delaware. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
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Florida
Florida was redistricted from 6 districts to 8, splitting the area around Sarasota out from the Tampa-St. Petersburg based 1st district, and splitting Gainesville out from the Jacksonville-based 2nd district.[2]
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Florida 1 | Chester B. McMullen | Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Florida 2 | Charles Edward Bennett | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Florida 3 | Bob Sikes | Democratic | 1940 1944 (resigned) 1974 |
Incumbent re-elected. |
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Florida 4 | Bill Lantaff | Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Florida 5 | Syd Herlong | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Florida 6 | Dwight L. Rogers | Democratic | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Florida 7 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
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Florida 8 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
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Georgia
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Georgia 1 | Prince Hulon Preston Jr. | Democratic | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Georgia 2 | Edward E. Cox | Democratic | 1924 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Georgia 3 | Tic Forrester | Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Georgia 4 | Albert Sidney Camp | Democratic | 1939 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Georgia 5 | James C. Davis | Democratic | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Georgia 6 | Carl Vinson | Democratic | 1914 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Georgia 7 | Henderson Lovelace Lanham | Democratic | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Georgia 8 | William M. Wheeler | Democratic | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Georgia 9 | John Stephens Wood | Democratic | 1944 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Georgia 10 | Paul Brown | Democratic | 1933 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Idaho
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Idaho 1 | John Travers Wood | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
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Idaho 2 | Hamer H. Budge | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois
Illinois lost one seat, redistricting from 26 to 25 districts. No changes were made to the Chicago area districts, but the downstate districts were broadly reorganized, forcing incumbents Peter F. Mack Jr. (Democratic) and Edward H. Jenison (Republican) into the same district.
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Illinois 1 | William L. Dawson | Democratic | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 2 | Richard B. Vail | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
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Illinois 3 | Fred E. Busbey | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 4 | William E. McVey | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 5 | John C. Kluczynski | Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 6 | Thomas J. O'Brien | Democratic | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 7 | Adolph J. Sabath | Democratic | 1906 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 8 | Thomas S. Gordon | Democratic | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 9 | Sidney R. Yates | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 10 | Richard W. Hoffman | Republican | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 11 | Timothy P. Sheehan | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 12 | Edgar A. Jonas | Republican | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 13 | Marguerite S. Church | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 14 | Chauncey W. Reed | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 15 | Noah M. Mason | Republican | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 16 | Leo E. Allen | Republican | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 17 | Leslie C. Arends | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 18 | Harold H. Velde | Republican | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 19 | Robert B. Chiperfield | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 20 | Sid Simpson | Republican | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 21 | Peter F. Mack Jr. | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Edward H. Jenison Redistricted from the 23rd district |
Republican | 1946 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican loss. | ||
Illinois 22 | William L. Springer | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 23 | Charles W. Vursell Redistricted from the 24th district |
Republican | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 24 | Melvin Price Redistricted from the 25th district |
Democratic | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 25 | C. W. Bishop Redistricted from the 26th district |
Republican | 1940 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
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Indiana
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indiana 1 | Ray J. Madden | Democratic | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Indiana 2 | Charles A. Halleck | Republican | 1935 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Indiana 3 | Shepard J. Crumpacker Jr. | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Indiana 4 | E. Ross Adair | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Indiana 5 | John V. Beamer | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Indiana 6 | Cecil M. Harden | Republican | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Indiana 7 | William G. Bray | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Indiana 8 | Winfield K. Denton | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Indiana 9 | Earl Wilson | Republican | 1940 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Indiana 10 | Ralph Harvey | Republican | 1947 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Indiana 11 | Charles B. Brownson | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Iowa
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Iowa 1 | Thomas E. Martin | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Iowa 2 | Henry O. Talle | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Iowa 3 | H. R. Gross | Republican | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Iowa 4 | Karl M. LeCompte | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Iowa 5 | Paul Cunningham | Republican | 1940 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Iowa 6 | James I. Dolliver | Republican | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Iowa 7 | Ben F. Jensen | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Iowa 8 | Charles B. Hoeven | Republican | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Kansas
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kansas 1 | Albert M. Cole | Republican | 1944 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
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Kansas 2 | Errett P. Scrivner | Republican | 1943 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Kansas 3 | Myron V. George | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Kansas 4 | Edward Herbert Rees | Republican | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Kansas 5 | Clifford R. Hope | Republican | 1926 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Kansas 6 | Wint Smith | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Kentucky
Kentucky lost one seat at reapportionment, and redistricted from 9 districts to 8, adjusting boundaries across the state and dividing the old 8th up among its neighbors.[2]
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kentucky 1 | Noble Jones Gregory | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Kentucky 2 | Garrett L. Withers | Democratic | 1952 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Kentucky 3 | Thruston Ballard Morton | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Kentucky 4 | Frank Chelf | Democratic | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Kentucky 5 | Brent Spence | Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Joe B. Bates Redistricted from the 8th district |
Democratic | 1930 | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic loss. | ||
Kentucky 6 | John C. Watts | Democratic | 1951 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Kentucky 7 | Carl D. Perkins | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Kentucky 8 | James S. Golden Redistricted from the 9th district |
Republican | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Louisiana
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Louisiana 1 | F. Edward Hébert | Democratic | 1940 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Louisiana 2 | Hale Boggs | Democratic | 1940 1942 (lost renomination) 1946 |
Incumbent re-elected. |
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Louisiana 3 | Edwin E. Willis | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Louisiana 4 | Overton Brooks | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Louisiana 5 | Otto Passman | Democratic | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Louisiana 6 | James H. Morrison | Democratic | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Louisiana 7 | Henry D. Larcade Jr. | Democratic | 1942 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Louisiana 8 | A. Leonard Allen | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Maine
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maine 1 | Robert Hale | Republican | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maine 2 | Charles P. Nelson | Republican | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maine 3 | Clifford McIntire | Republican | 1951 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maryland
Maryland redistricted from 6 to 7 seats, transferring territory from the 2nd to the 3rd and 4th and to a new 7th seat in the Baltimore suburbs.[2]
As of 2022[update], this was the last time the Republican Party held a majority of congressional districts from Maryland.
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maryland 1 | Edward T. Miller | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maryland 2 | James Devereaux | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maryland 3 | Edward Garmatz | Democratic | 1947 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maryland 4 | George Hyde Fallon | Democratic | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maryland 5 | Lansdale Ghiselin Sasscer | Democratic | 1939 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Maryland 6 | James Glenn Beall | Republican | 1942 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Maryland 7 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
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Massachusetts
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Massachusetts 1 | John W. Heselton | Republican | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 2 | Foster Furcolo | Democratic | 1948 | Resigned when appointed Treasurer Democratic hold. |
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Massachusetts 3 | Philip Philbin | Democratic | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 4 | Harold Donohue | Democratic | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 5 | Edith Nourse Rogers | Republican | 1925 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 6 | William H. Bates | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 7 | Thomas J. Lane | Democratic | 1941 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 8 | Angier Goodwin | Republican | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 9 | Donald W. Nicholson | Republican | 1947 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 10 | Christian Herter | Republican | 1942 | Incumbent retired to run for Governor of Massachusetts. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Massachusetts 11 | John F. Kennedy | Democratic | 1946 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Massachusetts 12 | John William McCormack | Democratic | 1928 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 13 | Richard B. Wigglesworth | Republican | 1928 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 14 | Joseph William Martin Jr. | Republican | 1924 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Michigan
Michigan added one seat, and divided the 17th district to form an 18th district, leaving boundaries otherwise unchanged.
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Michigan 1 | Thaddeus M. Machrowicz | Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Michigan 2 | George Meader | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Michigan 3 | Paul W. Shafer | Republican | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Michigan 4 | Clare E. Hoffman | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Michigan 5 | Gerald Ford | Republican | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Michigan 6 | William W. Blackney | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Michigan 7 | Jesse P. Wolcott | Republican | 1930 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Michigan 8 | Fred L. Crawford | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Michigan 9 | Ruth Thompson | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Michigan 10 | Roy O. Woodruff | Republican | 1920 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Michigan 11 | Charles E. Potter | Republican | 1947 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Michigan 12 | John B. Bennett | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Michigan 13 | George D. O'Brien | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Michigan 14 | Louis C. Rabaut | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Michigan 15 | John D. Dingell Sr. | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Michigan 16 | John Lesinski Jr. | Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Michigan 17 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Republican gain. |
| ||
Michigan 18 | George A. Dondero Redistricted from the 17th district |
Republican | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Minnesota
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Mississippi
Mississippi lost 1 seat in reapportionment and redistricted from 7 seats to 6; in addition to other boundary adjustments a substantial portion of the old 4th district was moved into the 1st, and 4th district incumbent Abernethy defeated 1st district incumbent Rankin in the Democratic primary.
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mississippi 1 | John E. Rankin | Democratic | 1920 | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic loss. |
|
Thomas Abernethy Redistricted from the 4th district |
Democratic | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Mississippi 2 | Jamie L. Whitten | Democratic | 1941 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 3 | Frank E. Smith | Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 4 | John Bell Williams Redistricted from the 7th district |
Democratic | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 5 | W. Arthur Winstead | Democratic | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 6 | William M. Colmer | Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Missouri
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Missouri 1 | Frank M. Karsten Redistricted from the 13th district |
Democratic | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Missouri 2 | Thomas B. Curtis Redistricted from the 12th district |
Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Missouri 3 | Claude I. Bakewell Redistricted from the 11th district |
Republican | 1951 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
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Missouri 4 | Leonard Irving | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Missouri 5 | Richard Bolling | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Missouri 6 | Phil J. Welch Redistricted from the 3rd district |
Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent retired to run for Governor of Missouri. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Missouri 7 | Dewey Short | Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Orland K. Armstrong Redistricted from the 6th district |
Republican | 1950 | Incumbent retired. Republican loss. | ||
Missouri 8 | A. S. J. Carnahan | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Missouri 9 | Clarence Cannon | Democratic | 1922 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Clare Magee Redistricted from the 1st district |
Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent retired. Democratic loss. | ||
Missouri 10 | Paul C. Jones | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Missouri 11 | Morgan M. Moulder Redistricted from the 2nd district |
Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Montana
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Montana 1 | Mike Mansfield | Democratic | 1942 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Montana 2 | Wesley A. D'Ewart | Republican | 1945 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Nebraska
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nebraska 1 | Carl T. Curtis | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Nebraska 2 | Howard Buffett | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Nebraska 3 | Robert Dinsmore Harrison | Republican | 1951 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Nebraska 4 | Arthur L. Miller | Republican | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Nevada
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nevada at-large | Walter S. Baring Jr. | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
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New Hampshire
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
New Hampshire 1 | Chester Earl Merrow | Republican | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New Hampshire 2 | Norris Cotton | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New Jersey
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
New Jersey 1 | Charles A. Wolverton | Republican | 1926 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New Jersey 2 | T. Millet Hand | Republican | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New Jersey 3 | James C. Auchincloss | Republican | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New Jersey 4 | Charles R. Howell | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New Jersey 5 | Charles A. Eaton | Republican | 1924 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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New Jersey 6 | Clifford P. Case | Republican | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New Jersey 7 | William B. Widnall | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New Jersey 8 | Gordon Canfield | Republican | 1940 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New Jersey 9 | Frank C. Osmers Jr. | Republican | 1951 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New Jersey 10 | Peter W. Rodino Jr. | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New Jersey 11 | Hugh Joseph Addonizio | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New Jersey 12 | Robert W. Kean | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New Jersey 13 | Alfred Dennis Sieminski | Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New Jersey 14 | Edward J. Hart | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New Mexico
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
New Mexico at-large | John J. Dempsey | Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New Mexico at-large | Antonio M. Fernández | Democratic | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New York
New York redistricted from 45 seats to 43, losing a seat in Long Island and another upstate.[2]
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
New York 1 | Ernest Greenwood | Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
New York 2 | Leonard W. Hall | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent retired to run for surrogate of Nassau County. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
New York 3 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Republican gain. |
| ||
New York 4 | Henry J. Latham Redistricted from the 3rd district |
Republican | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 5 | L. Gary Clemente Redistricted from the 4th district |
Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
New York 6 | Robert Tripp Ross Redistricted from the 5th district |
Republican | February 19, 1952 (Special) |
Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
|
New York 7 | James J. Delaney Redistricted from the 6th district |
Democratic | 1944 1946 (defeated) 1948 |
Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 8 | Victor Anfuso | Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent retired. Democratic loss. |
|
Louis B. Heller Redistricted from the 7th district |
Democratic | 1949 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
New York 9 | Eugene James Keogh | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New York 10 | Edna F. Kelly | Democratic | 1949 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 11 | Emanuel Celler Redistricted from the 15th district |
Democratic | 1922 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 12 | James J. Heffernan Redistricted from the 11th district |
Democratic | 1940 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Donald L. O'Toole Redistricted from the 13th district |
Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic loss. | ||
New York 13 | Abraham J. Multer Redistricted from the 14th district |
Democratic | 1947 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 14 | John J. Rooney Redistricted from the 12th district |
Democratic | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 15 | James J. Murphy Redistricted from the 16th district |
Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
New York 16 | Adam Clayton Powell Jr. Redistricted from the 22nd district |
Democratic | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 17 | Frederic René Coudert Jr. | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New York 18 | James G. Donovan | Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New York 19 | Arthur George Klein | Democratic | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New York 20 | Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr. | Democratic | 1949 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New York 21 | Jacob K. Javits | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 22 | Sidney A. Fine Redistricted from the 23rd district |
Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 23 | Isidore Dollinger Redistricted from the 24th district |
Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 24 | Charles A. Buckley Redistricted from the 25th district |
Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 25 | Christopher C. McGrath Redistricted from the 26th district |
Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent retired to run for surrogate of Bronx County. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
New York 26 | Ralph A. Gamble Redistricted from the 28th district |
Republican | 1937 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 27 | Ralph W. Gwinn | Republican | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 28 | Katharine St. George Redistricted from the 29th district |
Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 29 | J. Ernest Wharton Redistricted from the 30th district |
Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 30 | Leo W. O'Brien Redistricted from the 32nd district |
Democratic | April 1, 1952 (Special) |
Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 31 | Dean P. Taylor Redistricted from the 33rd district |
Republican | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 32 | Bernard W. Kearney Redistricted from the 31st district |
Republican | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 33 | Clarence E. Kilburn Redistricted from the 34th district |
Republican | 1940 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 34 | William R. Williams Redistricted from the 35th district |
Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 35 | R. Walter Riehlman Redistricted from the 36th district |
Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 36 | John Taber Redistricted from the 38th district |
Republican | 1922 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 37 | Edwin Arthur Hall | Republican | 1939 | Incumbent lost renomination. Republican loss. |
|
W. Sterling Cole Redistricted from the 39th district |
Republican | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
New York 38 | Kenneth B. Keating Redistricted from the 40th district |
Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 39 | Harold C. Ostertag Redistricted from the 41st district |
Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 40 | William E. Miller Redistricted from the 42nd district |
Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 41 | Edmund P. Radwan Redistricted from the 43rd district |
Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 42 | John Cornelius Butler Redistricted from the 44th district |
Republican | 1950 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
New York 43 | Daniel A. Reed Redistricted from the 45th district |
Republican | 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
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North Carolina
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
North Carolina 1 | Herbert Covington Bonner | Democratic | 1940 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
North Carolina 2 | John H. Kerr | Democratic | 1923 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
North Carolina 3 | Graham Arthur Barden | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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North Carolina 4 | Harold D. Cooley | Democratic | 1934 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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North Carolina 5 | Richard Thurmond Chatham | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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North Carolina 6 | Carl T. Durham | Democratic | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
North Carolina 7 | Frank Ertel Carlyle | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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North Carolina 8 | Charles B. Deane | Democratic | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
North Carolina 9 | Robert L. Doughton | Democratic | 1910 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
North Carolina 10 | Hamilton C. Jones | Democratic | 1946 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
North Carolina 11 | Woodrow W. Jones | Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
North Carolina 12 | Monroe Minor Redden | Democratic | 1946 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
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North Dakota
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
North Dakota's 1st congressional district | Usher L. Burdick | Republican | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
North Dakota's 2nd congressional district | Fred G. Aandahl | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Ohio
Ohio's representation was not changed at reapportionment, but redistricted its at-large district into a 23rd district and also removed the 11th district in south Ohio, creating two new districts around Cleveland.[2]
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ohio 1 | Charles H. Elston | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Ohio 2 | William E. Hess | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 3 | Paul F. Schenck | Republican | 1951 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 4 | William Moore McCulloch | Republican | 1947 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 5 | Cliff Clevenger | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 6 | James G. Polk | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 7 | Clarence J. Brown | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 8 | Jackson Edward Betts | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 9 | Frazier Reams | Independent | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 10 | Thomas A. Jenkins | Republican | 1924 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Walter E. Brehm Redistricted from the 11th district |
Republican | 1942 | Incumbent retired. Republican loss. | ||
Ohio 11 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Republican gain. |
| ||
Ohio 12 | John M. Vorys | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 13 | Alvin F. Weichel | Republican | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 14 | William H. Ayres | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 15 | Robert T. Secrest | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 16 | Frank T. Bow | Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 17 | J. Harry McGregor | Republican | 1940 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 18 | Wayne L. Hays | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 19 | Michael J. Kirwan | Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 20 | Michael A. Feighan | Democratic | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 21 | Robert Crosser | Democratic | 1922 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 22 | Frances P. Bolton | Republican | 1940 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 23 | George H. Bender Redistricted from At-large |
Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
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Oklahoma
Oklahoma was reapportioned from 8 seats to 6 and eliminated the 7th and 8th districts, moving most of their territory into the 1st and 6th and expanding other districts to compensate.[2]
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Oklahoma 1 | Vacant | George B. Schwabe (Republican) died April 2, 1952 Republican loss |
| ||
Page Belcher Redistricted from the 8th district |
Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Oklahoma 2 | Vacant | William G. Stigler (Democratic) died August 21, 1952 Democratic hold. |
| ||
Oklahoma 3 | Carl Albert | Democratic | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Oklahoma 4 | Tom Steed | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Oklahoma 5 | John Jarman | Democratic | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Oklahoma 6 | Toby Morris | Democratic | 1946 | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic loss. |
|
Victor Wickersham Redistricted from the 7th district |
Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Oregon
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Oregon 1 | A. Walter Norblad | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Oregon 2 | Lowell Stockman | Republican | 1942 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Oregon 3 | Homer D. Angell | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Oregon 4 | Harris Ellsworth | Republican | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania redistricted from 33 districts to 30, eliminating 1 district in northeastern Pennsylvania and 2 in southwestern Pennsylvania.[2]
District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pennsylvania 1 | William A. Barrett | Democratic | 1944 1946 (defeated) 1948 |
Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 2 | William T. Granahan | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 3 | Hardie Scott | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
|
Pennsylvania 4 | Earl Chudoff | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 5 | William J. Green Jr. | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 6 | Hugh Scott | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 7 | Benjamin F. James | Republican | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Pennsylvania 8 | Karl C. King | Republican | 1951 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 9 | Paul B. Dague | Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 10 | Harry P. O'Neill | Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic loss. |
|
Joseph L. Carrigg Redistricted from the 14th district |
Republican | 1951 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Pennsylvania 11 | Daniel J. Flood | Democratic | 1944 1946 (defeated) 1948 |
Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Pennsylvania 12 | Ivor D. Fenton | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 13 | Samuel K. McConnell Jr. Redistricted from the 16th district |
Republican | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 14 | George M. Rhodes Redistricted from the 13th district |
Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 15 | Francis E. Walter Redistricted from the 20th district |
Democratic | 1932 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 16 | Walter M. Mumma Redistricted from the 18th district |
Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 17 | Alvin Bush Redistricted from the 15th district |
Republican | 1950 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 18 | Richard M. Simpson Redistricted from the 17th district |
Republican | 1937 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 19 | James F. Lind Redistricted from the 21st district |
Democratic | 1948 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Pennsylvania 20 | James E. Van Zandt Redistricted from the 22nd district |
Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 21 | Augustine B. Kelley Redistricted from the 27th district |
Democratic | 1940 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 22 | John P. Saylor Redistricted from the 26th district |
Republican | 1949 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 23 | Leon H. Gavin Redistricted from the 19th district |
Republican | 1942 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 24 | Carroll D. Kearns Redistricted from the 28th district |
Republican | 1946 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 25 | Louis E. Graham | Republican | 1938 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 26 | Thomas E. Morgan Redistricted from the 24th district |
Democratic | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Edward L. Sittler Jr. Redistricted from the 23rd district |
Republican | 1950 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican loss. | ||
Pennsylvania 27 | James G. Fulton Redistricted from the 31st district |
Republican | 1944 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 28 | Herman P. Eberharter Redistricted from the 32nd district |
Democratic | 1936 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Harmar D. Denny Jr. Redistricted from the 29th district |
Republican | 1950 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican loss. | ||
Pennsylvania 29 | Robert J. Corbett Redistricted from the 30th district |
Republican | 1938 1940 (defeated) 1944 |
Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 30 | Vera Buchanan Redistricted from the 33rd district |
Democratic | 1951 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|